{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T23:42:21Z","timestamp":1791848541034,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,20]],"date-time":"2021-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Protective efficiency of a combination of four recombinant\n                    <jats:italic>Brucella abortus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>B. abortus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) proteins, namely outer membrane protein (Omp) 16, Omp19, Omp28, and 50S ribosomal protein L7\/L12 was evaluated as a combined subunit vaccine (CSV) against\n                    <jats:italic>B. abortus<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection in RAW 264.7 cell line and murine model. The immunoreactivity of these four recombinant proteins as well as pCold-TF vector reacted with\n                    <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n                    -positive serum individually, but not with\n                    <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n                    -negative serum by immunoblotting assay. CSV-treated RAW 264.7 cells significantly induced production of IFN-\u03b3 and IL-12 while decreased IL-10 production at the late stage of infection compared to PBS-treated control cells. In addition, the enhancement of nitric oxide production together with cytokines secretion profile in CSV-treated cells proved that CSV notably activated bactericidal mechanisms in macrophages. Consistently, mice immunized with CSV strongly elicited production of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-\u03b1, IL-6 and MCP-1 compared to PBS control group. Moreover, the concentration of IFN-\u03b3 was &amp;gt;IL-10 and titers of IgG2a were also heightened compared to IgG1 in CSV-immunized mice which suggest that CSV induced predominantly T helper 1 T cell. These results suggest that the CSV used in the present study is a potential candidate as a preventive therapy against brucellosis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2020.577026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,20]],"date-time":"2021-01-20T00:54:50Z","timestamp":1611104090000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Immunization With a Combination of Four Recombinant Brucella abortus Proteins Omp16, Omp19, Omp28, and L7\/L12 Induces T Helper 1 Immune Response Against Virulent B. abortus 544 Infection in BALB\/c Mice"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Tran Xuan Ngoc","family":"Huy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trang Thi","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alisha Wehdnesday Bernardo","family":"Reyes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Son Hai","family":"Vu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"WonGi","family":"Min","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hu Jang","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John Hwa","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suk","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6976.2010.00211.x","article-title":"Towards a Brucella vaccine for humans","volume":"34","author":"Perkins","year":"2010","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"B2","first-page":"139","volume-title":"Brucella and Bioterrorism. 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