{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T02:56:05Z","timestamp":1792637765114,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,27]],"date-time":"2021-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611705600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP20wm0125008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP20wm0125008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>We clarified the genetic diversity of <jats:italic>Trypanosoma<\/jats:italic> spp. within the Kafue ecosystem, using PCR targeting the internal transcribed spacer 1 and the cathepsin L-like cysteine protease (CatL) sequences. The overall prevalence of <jats:italic>Trypanosoma<\/jats:italic> spp. in cattle and tsetse flies was 12.65 and 26.85%, respectively. Cattle positive for <jats:italic>Trypanosoma vivax<\/jats:italic> had a significantly lower packed cell volume, suggesting that <jats:italic>T. vivax<\/jats:italic> is the dominant <jats:italic>Trypanosoma<\/jats:italic> spp. causing anemia in this area. Among the 12 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of <jats:italic>T. vivax<\/jats:italic> CatL sequences detected, one was from a known <jats:italic>T. vivax<\/jats:italic> lineage, two OTUs were from known <jats:italic>T. vivax<\/jats:italic>-like lineages, and nine OTUs were considered novel <jats:italic>T. vivax<\/jats:italic>-like lineages. These findings support previous reports that indicated the extensive diversity of <jats:italic>T. vivax<\/jats:italic>-like lineages. The findings also indicate that combining CatL PCR with next generation sequencing is useful in assessing <jats:italic>Trypanosoma<\/jats:italic> spp. diversity, especially for <jats:italic>T. vivax<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>T. vivax<\/jats:italic>-like lineages. In addition, the 5.42% prevalence of <jats:italic>Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense<\/jats:italic> found in cattle raises concern in the community and requires careful monitoring of human African trypanosomiasis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2021.599815","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,27]],"date-time":"2021-01-27T06:45:09Z","timestamp":1611729909000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Genetic Diversity of African Trypanosomes in Tsetse Flies and Cattle From the Kafue Ecosystem"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Yukiko","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyoko","family":"Hayashida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoire","family":"Delesalle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongjin","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryosuke","family":"Omori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Simuunza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chihiro","family":"Sugimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boniface","family":"Namangala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junya","family":"Yamagishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2003.10.015","article-title":"Mechanical transmission of Trypanosoma vivax in cattle by the African tabanid Atylotus fuscipes","volume":"119","author":"Desquesnes","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"B2","volume-title":"Final Report of the Regional Trypanosomiasis Expert. 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