{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:29:00Z","timestamp":1787027340034,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,23]],"date-time":"2021-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"\n In this work, the antimicrobial resistance profile of\n Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n strains (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 248) isolated from bovine feces and carcass samples from Tamaulipas, Mexico, was evaluated. Susceptibility to 12 antibiotics conventionally used in human and veterinary treatments was determined according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Genes encoding resistance to tetracycline (\n tetA<\/jats:italic>\n and\n tetB<\/jats:italic>\n ), streptomycin (\n str<\/jats:italic>\n A), aminoglycoside (\n aad<\/jats:italic>\n A), and \u03b2-lactamase (\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n TEM<\/jats:sub>\n and\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n SHV<\/jats:sub>\n ) were investigated by PCR. Also,\n stx<\/jats:italic>\n 1,\n stx<\/jats:italic>\n 2,\n eae, bfp<\/jats:italic>\n , and\n hly<\/jats:italic>\n A encoding virulence factors were determined. Of the isolates, 85.9% were confirmed as\n E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n strains. Among the 213\n E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n isolates tested, 94.8% (202\/213) showed resistance for at least one antimicrobial, mainly ampicillin (83.0%; 177\/213), cephalothin (76.0%; 162\/213), and tetracyclines (69.0%; 147\/213). In all the other antibiotics tested, the resistance percentage was below 36%. A multidrug-resistant phenotype was found in 72.7% of the tested strains. The presence of the\n tet<\/jats:italic>\n gene (\n tet<\/jats:italic>\n A or\n tet<\/jats:italic>\n B) was detected in 43.1% of the isolates, the\n str<\/jats:italic>\n A gene in 17.3%, and\n aad<\/jats:italic>\n A1 in 51.6%. The\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n TEM<\/jats:sub>\n and\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n SHV<\/jats:sub>\n genes were found in 10.3 and 0.4% of the isolates, respectively.\n stx<\/jats:italic>\n 1 was detected in 4.2% of isolates,\n stx<\/jats:italic>\n 2 in 7.0, and\n hly<\/jats:italic>\n A in 2.8%. The virulence genes,\n eae<\/jats:italic>\n and\n bfp<\/jats:italic>\n , were not detected in any strain. These results indicate that Tamaulipas food products of bovine origin can be a source of multiresistant\n E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n strains for the environment and exposure for consumers.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2021.643802","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,23]],"date-time":"2021-04-23T00:19:29Z","timestamp":1619137169000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Multidrug Resistance of Escherichia coli Strains Isolated From Bovine Feces and Carcasses in Northeast Mexico"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Ana V.","family":"Mart\u00ednez-V\u00e1zquez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose","family":"V\u00e1zquez-Villanueva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis M.","family":"Leyva-Zapata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugo","family":"Barrios-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gildardo","family":"Rivera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virgilio","family":"Bocanegra-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e143995","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0143995","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli recovered from feedlot cattle and associations with antimicrobial use","volume":"10","author":"Benedict","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLOS ONE."},{"key":"B2","unstructured":"CarrCM\n HersomKC\n JeongN\n DiLorenzoJ\n SchefflerG\n FaniolaS\n UF\/IFASAntibiotic Use and Resistance for Beef Cattle Producers2019"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2011.04.009","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance gene spread due to manure application on agricultural fields","volume":"14","author":"Heuer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Opin Microbiol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2746","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkt289","article-title":"Spread of multidrug-resistant Enterococcus to animals and humans: an underestimated role for the pig farm environment","volume":"68","author":"Novais","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Antimicrobial Chemother."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e01017","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01017-13","article-title":"Diverse antibiotic resistance genes in dairy cow manure","volume":"5","author":"Wichmann","year":"2014","journal-title":"mBio."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1086\/597292","article-title":"Human health hazards from antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli of animal origin","volume":"48","author":"Hammerum","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108566","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.108566","article-title":"Molecular characterization of multidrug resistant Escherichia coli of bovine origin","volume":"242","author":"Anes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1800438","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.25.1800438","article-title":"Monitoring antimicrobial resistance trends in commensal Escherichia coli from livestock, the Netherlands 1998 to 2016","volume":"24","author":"Hesp","year":"2019","journal-title":"Euro Surveill."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.03771-15","article-title":"Escherichia coli population structure and antibiotic resistance at a buffalo\/cattle interface in southern Africa","volume":"82","author":"Mercat","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X.JFP-15-376","article-title":"Foodborne outbreaks reported to the U.S. Food Safety and Inspection Service, fiscal years 2007 through 2012","volume":"79","author":"Robertson","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Food Protection"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2000.tb09068.x","article-title":"Escherichia coli O157:H7 induces attaching-effacing lesions in large intestinal mucosal explants from adult cattle","volume":"185","author":"Baehler","year":"2000","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Lett."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2005.07.010","article-title":"Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli in veterinary medicine","volume":"295","author":"Naylor","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Med Microbiol."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2007.03572.x","article-title":"A comparison of antibiotic resistance integrons in cattle from separate beef meat production systems at slaughter","volume":"104","author":"Barlow","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-015-0100-5","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance profiles of shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli O157 and non-O157 recovered from domestic farm animals in rural communities in Northwestern Mexico","volume":"5","author":"Amezquita","year":"2016","journal-title":"Antimicrob Resist Infection Control."},{"key":"B15","volume-title":"NOM-109-SSA1-1994-Procedimientos para la toma, manejo y transporte de muestras de alimentos para su an\u00e1lisis microbiol\u00f3gico","year":"1994"},{"key":"B16","first-page":"546","volume-title":"Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology","author":"Brenner","year":"2008"},{"key":"B17","article-title":"M100","volume-title":"Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.","year":"2017"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkm316","article-title":"Characterization of CTX-M and SHV extended-spectrum B-lactamases and associated resistance genes in Escherichia coli strains of food samples in Tunisa","volume":"60","author":"Jouini","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6753","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.71.11.6753-6761.2005","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes of Escherichia coli isolates from swine in Ontario","volume":"71","author":"Boerlin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3996","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.10.3996-4001.2004","article-title":"Mechanisms of resistance in multiple-antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli strains of human, animal, and food origins","volume":"48","author":"Saenz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.03.020","article-title":"Prevalence and antibiotic resistance profiles of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli strains isolated from food items in northwestern Mexico","volume":"164","author":"Canizalez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Food Microbiol"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2014.0222","article-title":"Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli from food animals in Lagos, Nigeria","volume":"21","author":"Adenipekum","year":"2015","journal-title":"Microb Drug Resist."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1111\/lam.12724","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli in husbandry animals: the African perspective","volume":"64","author":"Alonso","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lett Appl Microbiol."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2324","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13665","article-title":"Major diseases, extensive misuse, and high antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli in large-and small- scale dairy cattle farms in Jordan","volume":"101","author":"Obaidat","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2019.984-993","article-title":"Antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. associated with dairy cattle and farm environment having public health significance","volume":"12","author":"Sobur","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vet World"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.108539","article-title":"Microarray based detection of resistance and virulence factors in commensal Escherichia coli from livestock and farmers in Egypt","volume":"240","author":"Gwida","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9050357","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance, genetic diversity and multilocus sequence typing of Escherichia coli from humans, retail chicken and ground beef in Egypt","volume":"9","author":"Ramadan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pathogens."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics8010023","article-title":"Prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes in multidrug-resistant enterobacteriaceae on portuguese livestock manure","volume":"8","author":"Amador","year":"2019","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2288","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.02288","article-title":"Co-resistance to amoxicillin and tetracycline as an indicator of multidrug resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from animals","volume":"10","author":"Bour\u00e9ly","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Microbiol."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms7080272","article-title":"Characterization of non-O157 Escherichia coli from cattle faecal samples in the north-west province of South Africa","volume":"7","author":"Bumunangg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Microorganisms."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.22192\/ijarbs.2018.05.10.014","article-title":"Escherichia coli O157:H7: prevalence, identification and antimicrobial resistance in cattle slaughter at Addis Ababa Municipal Abattior, Ethiopia","volume":"5","author":"Hamid","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Adv Res Biol Sci"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.3923\/vr.2010.75.80","article-title":"Antibiotics susceptibility profiles of faecal Escherichia coli isolates from Dip-Litter broilers chickens in Northern and Central Uganda","volume":"3","author":"Majalija","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet Res."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkh332","article-title":"Pet animals as reservoirs of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria","volume":"54","author":"Chandran","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3834","DOI":"10.5504\/BBEQ.2013.0031","article-title":"Prevalence and characterization of shiga-toxin O157:H7 and Non-O157:H7 enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli isolated from different sources","volume":"27","author":"Selim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biotechnol Biotechnol Equip."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.3.497-503.1999","article-title":"Associations between virulence factors of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli and disease in humans","volume":"37","author":"Boerlin","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Veterinary Science"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fvets.2021.643802\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,23]],"date-time":"2021-04-23T00:19:41Z","timestamp":1619137181000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fvets.2021.643802\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,23]]},"references-count":35,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fvets.2021.643802"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fvets.2021.643802","relation":{},"ISSN":["2297-1769"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2297-1769","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,23]]},"article-number":"643802"}}