{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T12:58:31Z","timestamp":1781528311071,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,22]],"date-time":"2021-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Salmonellae<\/jats:italic> are one of the most important foodborne pathogens, which threaten the health of humans and animals severely. Glycyrrhizin (GL) has been proven to exhibit anti-inflammatory and tissue-protective properties. Here, we investigated the effects of GL on tissue injury, inflammatory response, and intestinal dysbiosis in <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> Typhimurium-infected mice. Results showed that GL or gentamicin (GM) significantly (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05) alleviated ST-induced splenomegaly indicated by the decreased spleen index, injury of liver and jejunum indicated by the decreased hepatocytic apoptosis, and the increased jejunal villous height. GL significantly (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05) increased secretion of inflammatory cytokines (IFN-\u03b3, IL-12p70, IL-6, and IL-10) in spleen and IL-12p40 mRNA expression in liver. Meanwhile, GL or GM pre-infection treatments significantly (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05) decreased ST-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine (IFN-\u03b3, TNF-\u03b1, and IL-6) expression in both spleen and liver and increased (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05) anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 secretion in spleen. Furthermore, GL or GM pre-infection treatment also regulates the diversities and compositions of intestinal microbiota and decreased the negative connection among the intestinal microbes in ST-infected mice. The above findings indicate that GL alleviates ST-induced splenomegaly, hepatocytic apoptosis, injury of jejunum and liver, inflammatory response of liver and spleen, and intestinal dysbacteriosis in mice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2021.648698","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,22]],"date-time":"2021-06-22T06:32:15Z","timestamp":1624343535000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Glycyrrhizin Attenuates Salmonella Typhimurium-Induced Tissue Injury, Inflammatory Response, and Intestinal Dysbiosis in C57BL\/6 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