{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T02:50:51Z","timestamp":1781837451137,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,22]],"date-time":"2021-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>A case of <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> infection is described in a dead adult male dog in Southern Italy. The carcass was found by the Health Authority in a gypsy encampment. It was admitted to our forensic veterinary medicine unit, with a suspicion of cruelty to the animal. Necropsy showed beating and traumatism signs, and mistreating was confirmed. Gross lesions included multiple nodular hepatic lesions, hemorrhagic enteritis with enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes, body cavity effusions, and an adrenal neoplasm. Bacteriological and molecular analyses were carried out on the liver lesions that enabled to identify <jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> SIT42 (LAM9). Drug-resistance patterns were evaluated by screening mutations on the <jats:italic>rpoB<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>katG<\/jats:italic> genes that showed susceptibility to both rifampin and isoniazid, respectively. Very few studies report canine tuberculosis, and little is known about the disease in Italy. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> SIT42 infection in a dog in Italy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2021.653360","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,22]],"date-time":"2021-06-22T06:50:22Z","timestamp":1624344622000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Mycobacterium tuberculosis SIT42 Infection in an Abused Dog in Southern Italy"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Lucia","family":"Vangone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorena","family":"Cardillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marita Georgia","family":"Riccardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgia","family":"Borriello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Cerrone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Coppa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Scialla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuela","family":"Sannino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianluca","family":"Miletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Galiero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanna","family":"Fusco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","unstructured":""},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1080\/17415349.2018.1551103","article-title":"Mycobacterial infections in dogs and cats","volume":"34","author":"Mitchell JL","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vet Nurs J."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.5455\/ijlr.20190502075058","article-title":"Canine tuberculosis: a review","volume":"9","author":"Barua","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Livest Res."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2014.05.015","article-title":"Tuberculosis in domestic animal species","volume":"97","author":"Pesciaroli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjm.2016.09.001","article-title":"Infection by Mycobacterium bovis in a dog from Brazil","volume":"48","author":"Rocha","year":"2017","journal-title":"Braz J Microbiol."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1406.071463","article-title":"Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis infection in 2 pet dogs, Germany","volume":"14","author":"Haist","year":"2008","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638711418616","article-title":"Mycobacterium avium subspecies hominissuis disseminated infection in a Basset Hound dog","volume":"23","author":"Campora","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Vet Diagn Invest."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2004.06.016","article-title":"First isolation of Mycobacterium microti (Llama-type) from a dog","volume":"103","author":"Deforges","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol."},{"key":"B9","first-page":"334","article-title":"Mycobacterial infections","volume-title":"Infectious Diseases of the Dog and Cat","author":"Greene","year":"2012"},{"key":"B10","first-page":"1075","article-title":"Tuberculosis in humans and animals: an overview","volume":"4","author":"LoBue","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2258","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1012.040094","article-title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission from human to canine","volume":"10","author":"Erwin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2011.03.026","article-title":"Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in dogs in a high-risk setting","volume":"92","author":"Parsons","year":"2012","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.12-0332","article-title":"Disseminated Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in a dog","volume":"88","author":"Martinho","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0450.2005.00839.x","article-title":"PCR for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in experimentally infected dogs","volume":"52","author":"Bonovska","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health."},{"key":"B15","first-page":"495","article-title":"Infections caused by slow-growing Mycobacteria","volume-title":"Infectious Diseases of the Dog and Cat","author":"Greene","year":"2012"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-016-0731-7","article-title":"Intracardiac tuberculomas caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a dog","volume":"12","author":"Szalu\u015b-Jordanow","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Vet Res."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-09352001000400003","article-title":"Mycobacterium bovis isolation in a dog","volume":"53","author":"Mota","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arq Bras Med Vet Zootec."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e180","DOI":"10.2196\/mhealth.9975","article-title":"Assessment of google glass for photographic documentation in veterinary forensic pathology: usability study","volume":"6","author":"Piegari","year":"2018","journal-title":"JMIR Mhealth Uhealth."},{"key":"B19","unstructured":"35598Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762004000700014","article-title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex differentiation using gyrB-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis","volume":"99","author":"Chimara","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2017.27.145.10883","article-title":"Mutations in rpoB and katG genes of multidrug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis undetectable using genotyping diagnostic methods","volume":"27","author":"Takawira","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pan Afr Med J."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985816629720","article-title":"Postmortem changes in animal carcasses and estimation of the postmortem interval","volume":"53","author":"Brooks","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vet Pathol."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02800-13","article-title":"Pre-multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing strain associated with disseminated tuberculosis in a pet dog","volume":"52","author":"Botelho","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4377-0795-3.00044-2","volume-title":"Canine and Feline Infectious Disease","author":"Sykes","year":"2014"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.12347","article-title":"Intra-abdominal Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in a dog","volume":"28","author":"Engelmann","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2010.11.027","article-title":"Accidental infection of veterinary personnel with Mycobacterium tuberculosis at necropsy: a case study","volume":"149","author":"Posthaus","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.20.2.g00mc12449","article-title":"Tuberculosis from head to toe","volume":"20","author":"Harisinghani","year":"2000","journal-title":"Radiographics."},{"key":"B28","first-page":"164","article-title":"Canine tuberculosis","volume":"177","author":"Liu","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2342-2-3","article-title":"CT features in abdominal tuberculosis: 20 years experience","volume":"2","author":"Sinan","year":"2002","journal-title":"BMC Med Imaging."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-165X.2004.tb00371.x","article-title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in a dog from Africa","volume":"33","author":"Turinelli","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet Clin Pathol"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.14701\/ahbps.2019.23.1.80","article-title":"Primary hepatic tuberculosis: a rare occurrence","volume":"23","author":"Niyogi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104126","article-title":"Analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis genetic lineages circulating in Riga and Riga region, Latvia, isolated between 2008 and 2012","volume":"78","author":"Pole","year":"2020","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evol."},{"key":"B33","first-page":"332","article-title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis population structure and molecular epidemiological analysis in Sucre municipality, Miranda state, Venezuela","volume":"55","author":"Pati\u00f1o","year":"2014","journal-title":"Invest Clin."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0160434","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0160434","article-title":"Analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotypic lineage distribution in chile and neighboring Countries","volume":"11","author":"Lagos","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e65873","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0065873","article-title":"Genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Peru and exploration of phylogenetic associations with drug resistance","volume":"8","author":"Sheen","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.15-0711","article-title":"Detecting mutations in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis pyrazinamidase gene pncA to improve infection control and decrease drug resistance rates in human immunodeficiency virus coinfection","volume":"95","author":"Dudley","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118681121.ch23","article-title":"Comprehensive review on Mycobacterium tuberculosis targets and drug development from a structural perspective","volume-title":"Structural Biology in Drug Discovery Methods, Techniques, and Practices","author":"Pedelacq","year":"2020"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.4103\/jgid.jgid_125_17","article-title":"The threat of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis","volume":"10","author":"Paul","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Glob Infect Dis."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Veterinary Science"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fvets.2021.653360\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,22]],"date-time":"2021-06-22T06:50:34Z","timestamp":1624344634000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fvets.2021.653360\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,22]]},"references-count":38,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fvets.2021.653360"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fvets.2021.653360","relation":{},"ISSN":["2297-1769"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2297-1769","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,22]]},"article-number":"653360"}}