{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T01:27:50Z","timestamp":1787621270674,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,20]],"date-time":"2021-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639958400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Infectious bronchitis (<jats:bold>IB<\/jats:bold>) causes significant economic losses to commercial chicken farms due to the failures of vaccine immunization or incomplete protection. In this study, we evaluated the combination effect of Shegandilong (<jats:bold>SGDL<\/jats:bold>) granule (a traditional Chinese veterinary medicine) and doxycycline on the prevention of IBV infection and injury in the respiratory tract in broilers. A total of 126, 7-day-old broilers were randomly divided into four groups after vaccination. Group I served as a control. Broilers in Group II were given doxycycline, and Group III was given SGDL granule through drinking water. Broilers in Group IV were given SGDL granule and doxycycline by drinking water. Broilers in all groups were challenged with IBV through intraocular and intranasal routes at day 28. Results showed that the anti-IBV antibody level was higher in group IV compared with the level in other groups. Immunohistochemistry and ELISA results showed that an increase of immunoglobulin A <jats:bold>(IgA<\/jats:bold>) was observed in the trachea with the maximum level observed at day 14. In addition, SGDL granule + doxycycline effectively inhibited IBV replication and stopped IBV propagation from the trachea to the lung; modulated the mRNA expressions of IL-1\u03b2, IL-6, TNF-\u03b1, and IFN-\u03b3; and extenuated the histopathology lesions in trachea and lung. These data imply that a combination of SGDL granule and doxycycline is effective in preventing IBV infection and respiratory tract injury in broilers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2021.756629","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,20]],"date-time":"2021-12-20T12:25:44Z","timestamp":1640003144000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Combined Effect of Shegandilong Granule and Doxycycline on Immune Responses and Protection Against Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus in 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