{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T01:34:18Z","timestamp":1793410458304,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]],"date-time":"2022-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667260800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Ascariasis is the most prevalent helminthic disease affecting both humans and pigs and is caused by the roundworms\n                    <jats:italic>Ascaris lumbricoides<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Ascaris suum<\/jats:italic>\n                    . While preventive chemotherapy continues to be the most common control method, recent reports of anthelminthic resistance highlight the need for development of a vaccine against ascariasis. The aim of this study was to use a reverse vaccinology approach to identify potential vaccine candidates for\n                    <jats:italic>Ascaris<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Three\n                    <jats:italic>Ascaris<\/jats:italic>\n                    proteomes predicted from whole-genome sequences were analyzed. Candidate proteins were identified using open-access bioinformatic tools (e.g., Vacceed, VaxiJen, Bepipred 2.0) which test for different characteristics such as sub-cellular location, T-cell and B-cell molecular binding, antigenicity, allergenicity and phylogenetic relationship with other nematode proteins. From over 100,000 protein sequences analyzed, four transmembrane proteins were predicted to be non-allergen antigens and potential vaccine candidates. The four proteins are a Piezo protein, two voltage-dependent calcium channels and a protocadherin-like protein, are all expressed in either the muscle or ovaries of both\n                    <jats:italic>Ascaris<\/jats:italic>\n                    species, and all contained high affinity epitopes for T-cells and B-cells. The use of a reverse vaccinology approach allowed the prediction of four new potential vaccination targets against ascariasis in humans and pigs. These targets can now be further tested in\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    assays to prove efficacy in both pigs and humans.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.1014198","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]],"date-time":"2022-11-01T13:09:59Z","timestamp":1667308199000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["A reverse vaccinology approach identifies putative vaccination targets in the zoonotic nematode Ascaris"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Francisco M. D.","family":"Evangelista","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnoud H. 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