{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T16:35:43Z","timestamp":1753893343542,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,8]],"date-time":"2022-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study includes diagnostic efficacy of the antemortem, combined use of ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the diagnosis of anterior segment dysgenesis. A 7-day-old male Holstein calf presented with progressive unilateral exophthalmos associated with enlargement of the right eyeball soon after birth. Ultrasonography of the enlarged right eyeball showed (1) a 2-cm-thick echogenic parenchymal lesion filling the anterior region of the right eyeball, (2) excess accumulation of the anechoic vitreous humor, and (3) absence of the lens structure. Antemortem examination using T2-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery MRI revealed a thickened, hyperintense anterior lesion and absence of the lens structure. These imaging findings were suggestive of anterior segment dysgenesis. Antemortem imaging showed no abnormalities other than the abnormal structure and size of the right eyeball; therefore, enucleation of the right eye was performed, which allowed intact healing without suppuration. Ocular ultrasonography enhanced the diagnostic accuracy due to the characteristic ultrasonographic findings of a thickened anterior lesion and absence of the lens structure in the eyeball, suggestive of anterior segment dysgenesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.794255","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,8]],"date-time":"2022-04-08T05:33:13Z","timestamp":1649395993000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Case Report: Ultrasonography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Anterior Segment Dysgenesis in a Calf"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Tsuka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshiharu","family":"Okamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuji","family":"Sunden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takehito","family":"Morita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takao","family":"Amaha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norihiko","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Murahata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masamichi","family":"Yamashita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomohiro","family":"Osaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomohiro","family":"Imagawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","first-page":"1504","article-title":"Congenital ocular defects in cattle, horses, cats, and dogs","volume":"160","author":"Priester","year":"1972","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc."},{"key":"B2","first-page":"440","article-title":"Congenital anterior staphyloma with rudimentary lens in a calf","volume":"171","author":"Rebhum","year":"1977","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.17-0078","article-title":"Congenital anterior staphyloma associated with Peters' anomaly and aphakia in a Holstein calf","volume":"79","author":"Sato","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Vet Med Sci."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985812450724","article-title":"Bilateral buphthalmia in a 4-month-old Texas longhorn steer","volume":"50","author":"Jones","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet Pathol."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2014.11.006","article-title":"Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (pinkeye)","volume":"31","author":"Angelos","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract."},{"key":"B6","first-page":"664","article-title":"Bilateral exophthalmos in a Holstein cow with lymphosarcoma","volume":"44","author":"Malatestinic","year":"2003","journal-title":"Can Vet J."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1177\/030098586500200105","article-title":"The pathology of malignant lymphoma in cattle. 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