{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T15:38:51Z","timestamp":1787499531871,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,20]],"date-time":"2022-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663632000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Rumen acidosis is the consequence of feeding rapidly fermentable grain diets and it is considered the most common nutritional disorder in intensive feeding ruminants. Due to that mechanism of catabolism and transformation is driven by multi-factors, the role of ruminal lactate and its contribution to subacute rumen acidosis has not been well defined yet. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of SARA on the production, absorption, circulation, and transformation of lactate in the rumen. In this study, rumen samples were collected from 12 adult Saanen goats (44.5 \u00b1 4.6 kg BW) equipped with permanent rumen cannula to measure rumen fermentation parameters, organic acids production, microbial profiles, and blood indicators to identify the occurrence of SARA. To further investigate the change in the disappearance rate of ruminal lactate, rumen fluid was collected and a batch culture was performed. The results showed that the clearance rate of ruminal lactate was accelerated by SARA, and the concentration of the ruminal lactate pool was stable. In addition, the rumen liquid dilution rate and the rumen liquid flow rate under the SARA condition of goats were lower than that in normal conditions. The ruminal lactate flow rate had no difference throughout the process of fermentation. However,\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    data showed that the disappearance of lactate was reduced in SARA. By measuring the conversion of sodium L-[3-\n                    <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>\n                    C]-lactate in batch culture, it was found that the percentage of lactate converted to propionate was significantly lower in the SARA treatment and 16.13% more lactate converted to butyrate under SARA condition. However, the percentage of lactate transformed into acetate and butyrate was significantly increased in the SARA treatment than that of control. The relative population of total protozoa count in SARA was significantly reduced, while the relative population of\n                    <jats:italic>Lactobacillus fermentum, Streptococcus bovis, Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, Megasphaera elsdenii<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Selenomonas ruminantium<\/jats:italic>\n                    in the SARA treatment was significantly induced (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &amp;lt; 0.05). It is concluded that the transformation of lactate into butyrate may promote the development of SARA. These findings provide some references to the diet formulation for preventing SARA.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.964027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,20]],"date-time":"2022-09-20T02:03:06Z","timestamp":1663639386000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Lactate uptake in the rumen and its contributions to subacute rumen acidosis of goats induced by high-grain diets"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Banglin","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaotian","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongrong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(05)72807-1","article-title":"Subacute ruminal acidosis induces ruminal lipopolysaccharide endotoxin release and triggers an inflammatory response","volume":"88","author":"Gozho","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2005.08.004","article-title":"Understanding and preventing subacute ruminal acidosis in dairy herds: a review","volume":"126","author":"Krause","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anim Feed Sci Technol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/S2095-3119(13)60231-2","article-title":"Effects of increasing non-fiber carbohydrate to neutral detergent fiber ratio on rumen fermentation and microbiota in goats","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Integr Agric."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6981","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-017-8427-x","article-title":"High-grain diets altered rumen fermentation and epithelial bacterial community and resulted in rumen epithelial injuries of goats","volume":"101","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Appl Microbiol Biotechnol."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.42.4.649-655.1981","article-title":"Role of Megasphaera elsdenii in the fermentation of DL-[2-13C] lactate in the rumen of dairy cattle","volume":"42","author":"Counotte","year":"1981","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3041","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2010-2926","article-title":"Experimental feed induction of ruminal lactic, propionic, or butyric acidosis in sheep","volume":"88","author":"Lettat","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Anim Sci."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-015-0376-y","article-title":"Feeding a high-grain diet reduces the percentage of LPS clearance and enhances immune gene expression in goat liver","volume":"11","author":"Chang","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Vet Res."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.2740310702","article-title":"Investigation of chromium, cerium and cobalt as markers in digesta. 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