{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T06:45:23Z","timestamp":1788417923762,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]],"date-time":"2023-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    During the 1st days of life, water buffalo calves, especially those with low birth weight, are susceptible to hypothermic mortality due to scarce energy reserves provided by fats. This means that monitoring the thermal state of newborns is essential. The objectives of the present study were to apply infrared thermography (IRT) in 109 buffalo calves to detect differences in the surface temperatures of six thermal windows \u2013lacrimal gland, lacrimal caruncle, periocular region, nostrils, ear canal, pelvic limbs\u2013, and determine their association to birth weight during the first 6 days of life. The calves were divided into four categories according to their weight (Q\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    , 37.8\u201341.25 kg; Q\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    , 41.3\u201346.3 kg; Q\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    , 46.4\u201356.3 kg; Q\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    , 56.4\u201360.3 kg). The thermographic images were recorded in the morning and afternoon. Results showed that the animals in Q\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    registered the highest temperatures in all the thermal windows, and that these were higher in the afternoon (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &amp;lt; 0.0001). When considering the thermal windows, those located in the facial region recorded the highest temperatures; in contrast, the temperatures at the pelvic limbs remained below the average values of the other windows (33.41 and 33.76\u00b0C in the morning and afternoon, respectively). According to these results, the birth weight of water buffaloes is a factor that alters their thermoregulation during the 1st days of life, a condition that can be partially compensated by colostrum intake to promote development of an efficient thermoregulatory mechanism in water buffalo calves.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2023.1084092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]],"date-time":"2023-03-06T11:54:06Z","timestamp":1678103646000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["The effect of birth weight and time of day on the thermal response of newborn water buffalo calves"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Fabio","family":"Napolitano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Bragaglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ada","family":"Braghieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayman H. Abd","family":"El-Aziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristiane Gon\u00e7alves","family":"Titto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dina","family":"Villanueva-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Mora-Medina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfredo M. F.","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ismael","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Avalos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy","family":"Jos\u00e9-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Casas-Alvarado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karina","family":"Lezama-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana","family":"Dom\u00ednguez-Oliva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aldo","family":"Bertoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Mota-Rojas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"963205","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.963205","article-title":"Neonatal infrared thermography images in the hypothermic ruminant model: Anatomical-morphological-physiological aspects and mechanisms for thermoregulation","volume":"9","author":"Mota-Rojas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1080\/09712119.2019.1580199","article-title":"Thermogenesis and some rearing strategies of dairy calves at low temperature\u2014A review","volume":"47","author":"Silva","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Appl Anim Res."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci9050246","article-title":"Strategies for hypothermia compensation in altricial and precocial newborn mammals and their monitoring by infrared thermography","volume":"9","author":"Lezama-Garc\u00eda","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vet Sci."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12010106","article-title":"Transient receptor potential (TRP) and thermoregulation in animals: structural biology and neurophysiological aspects","volume":"12","author":"Lezama-Garc\u00eda","year":"2022","journal-title":"Animals."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1023294","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.1023294","article-title":"Thermoregulation mechanisms and perspectives for validating thermal windows in pigs with hypothermia and hyperthermia: An overview","volume":"9","author":"G\u00f3mez-Prado","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci9120673","article-title":"Relation between the dam's weight on superficial temperature of her puppies at different stages of the post-partum","volume":"9","author":"Lezama-Garc\u00eda","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vet Sci."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2899","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12212899","article-title":"Dairy buffalo behavior: Calving, imprinting and allosuckling","volume":"12","author":"Mota-Rojas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Animals."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-4320(87)90083-2","article-title":"Factors affecting length of gestation and birth weight of Nili-Ravi buffaloes","volume":"14","author":"Usmani","year":"1987","journal-title":"Anim Reprod Sci."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1186\/s40104-020-00510-w","article-title":"Neonatal lamb mortality: Major risk factors and the potential ameliorative role of melatonin","volume":"11","author":"Flinn","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Anim Sci Biotechnol."},{"key":"B10","first-page":"423","article-title":"Bienestar de la b\u00fafala durante el parto y orde\u00f1o, aspectos fisiol\u00f3gicos y conductuales","volume-title":"El B\u00fafalo de Agua en las Am\u00e9ricas, Comportamiento y Productividad","author":"Mota-Rojas","year":"2022"},{"key":"B11","first-page":"1","article-title":"Environmental factors affecting various growth traits of swam buffalo calves","volume":"38","author":"Thevarnanoharan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pakistan J Agric Sci."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.18805\/ijar.B-3546","article-title":"Influence of weaning on growth, health and behaviour of Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) calves","volume":"53","author":"Singh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J Anim Res."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3915","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2008-1823","article-title":"Does a calf's motivation to ingest colostrum depend on time since birth, calf vigor, or provision of heat?","volume":"92","author":"Vasseur","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.31893\/jabb.21003","article-title":"Thermal biology in river buffalo in the humid tropics: Neurophysiological and behavioral responses assessed by infrared thermography","volume":"9","author":"Mota-Rojas","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Anim Behav Biometeorol."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.30704\/http-www-jivs-net.409147","article-title":"Hypothermia in newborn calves","volume":"2","author":"Kozat","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Istanbul Vet Sci."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"998544","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.998544","article-title":"Thermoregulatory reactions of female buffaloes raised in the sun and in the shade, in the climatic conditions of the rainy season of the Island of Maraj\u00f3, Par\u00e1, Brazil","volume":"9","author":"Silva","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1542","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731115001354","article-title":"First investigations to refine video-based IR thermography as a non-invasive tool to monitor the body temperature of calves","volume":"10","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2016","journal-title":"Animal."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"txaa208","DOI":"10.1093\/tas\/txaa208","article-title":"Use of infrared thermography to noninvasively assess neonatal piglet temperature","volume":"5","author":"Schmitt","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transl Anim Sci"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6613","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2014-7949","article-title":"Associations between calf mortality during days 1 to 90 and herd-level cow and production variables in large Swedish dairy herds","volume":"97","author":"Torsein","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104746","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2019.104746","article-title":"Birth weight as a risk factor for neonatal mortality: Breed-specific approach to identify at-risk puppies","volume":"171","author":"Mugnier","year":"2019","journal-title":"Prev Vet Med."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1093\/tas\/txaa214","article-title":"Measuring birth weight and umbilical cord diameter at birth to predict subsequent performance in swine","volume":"5","author":"Fordyce","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transl Anim Sci."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaridenv.2004.01.003","article-title":"Effect of water deprivation and season on feed intake, body weight and thermoregulation in Awassi and Najdi sheep breeds in Saudi Arabia","volume":"59","author":"Alamer","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Arid Environ."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.31893\/jabb.21001","article-title":"Hypothermia in newly born piglets: Mechanisms of thermoregulation and pathophysiology of death","volume":"9","author":"Villanueva-Garc\u00eda","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Anim Behav Biometeorol."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mco.0000078992.96795.5f","article-title":"Cold-induced metabolism","volume":"6","author":"van Marken Lichtenbelt","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3536","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12243536","article-title":"Is the weight of the newborn puppy related to its thermal balance?","volume":"12","author":"Lezama-Garc\u00eda","year":"2022","journal-title":"Animals."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.050989","article-title":"Nonshivering thermogenesis and its adequate measurement in metabolic studies","volume":"214","author":"Cannon","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Exp Biol."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1080\/00480169.2004.36436","article-title":"The physiological and physical status of single calves at birth in a dairy herd in New Zealand","volume":"52","author":"Diesch","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Z Vet J."},{"key":"B28","first-page":"596","article-title":"Termorregulaci\u00f3n","author":"Ewart","year":"2020"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2438","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2015-9901","article-title":"Invited review: Influence of climatic conditions on the development, performance, and health of calves","volume":"99","author":"Roland","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0720(15)30590-9","article-title":"Cold thermoregulation in the newborn calf","volume":"10","author":"Carstens","year":"1994","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract."},{"key":"B31","first-page":"464","volume-title":"Structure and Function of Domestic Animals","author":"Currie","year":"1992"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2003.08.004","article-title":"Animal welfare implications of neonatal mortality and morbidity in farm animals","volume":"168","author":"Mellor","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet J."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3745","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(03)73981-2","article-title":"Birth weight as a predictor of calving ase and perinatal mortality in Holstein cattle","volume":"86","author":"Johanson","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104053","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2020.104053","article-title":"Impact of cold stress on birth and weaning weight in a composite beef cattle breed","volume":"236","author":"Toghiani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Livest Sci."},{"key":"B35","first-page":"13","article-title":"Challenges due to early calf mortality in dairy industry of Pakistan and strategies for improvement causes of early calf mortality","volume":"1","author":"Hassan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Veterinaria."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.6000\/1927-520X.2018.07.03.3","article-title":"Imprinting, sucking and allosucking behaviors in buffalo calves","volume":"7","author":"Mora-Medina","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Buffalo Sci."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1591(99)00083-0","article-title":"Suckling and allosuckling in river buffalo calves and its relation with weight gain","volume":"66","author":"Paranhos Da Costa","year":"2000","journal-title":"Appl Anim Behav Sci."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smallrumres.2011.03.046","article-title":"Phenotypic and seasonal factors influence birth weight, growth rate and lamb mortality in D'man sheep maintained under intensive management in Tunisian oases","volume":"99","author":"Chniter","year":"2011","journal-title":"Small Rumin Res."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1017\/S0263967X00004055","article-title":"Thermoregulation in neonatal ruminants","volume":"15","author":"Rowan","year":"1992","journal-title":"BSAP Occas Publ."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.5713\/ajas.2013.13505","article-title":"Piglets' surface temperature change at different weights at birth","volume":"27","author":"Caldara","year":"2014","journal-title":"Asian-Australasian J Anim Sci."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1733","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11061733","article-title":"Physiological and behavioral mechanisms of thermoregulation in mammals","volume":"11","author":"Mota-Rojas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Animals."},{"key":"B42","first-page":"321","article-title":"Sympathoadrenal and adrenal hormonal responses of newborn calves to hypothermia","volume":"45","author":"Olson","year":"1981","journal-title":"Can J Comp Med."},{"key":"B43","first-page":"E74","article-title":"Preweaning survival in swine","volume":"80","author":"Lay","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3007","DOI":"10.2527\/1992.70103007x","article-title":"Effects of exogenous glucose or colostrum on body temperature, plasma glucose, and serum insulin in cold-stressed, newborn Brahman calves","volume":"70","author":"Stanko","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Anim Sci."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1590\/S1516-35982008000600007","article-title":"Falha na primeira mamada em bezerros Guzer\u00e1: Fatores predisponentes e par\u00e2metros gen\u00e9ticos","volume":"37","author":"Schmidek","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bras Zootec."},{"key":"B46","first-page":"1","article-title":"Lat\u00eancia para a primeira mamada e n\u00edveis de cortisol e triiodotironina de bezerros Nelore puros e cruzados","volume-title":"XXXVII Reuni\u00e3o anual da sociedade brasileira de zootecnia. Vi\u00e7osa Anais Vi\u00e7osa Soc Bras Zootec","author":"Bueno","year":"2000"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1080\/1828051X.2017.1404944","article-title":"Feeding and nutrition management of heat-stressed dairy ruminants","volume":"17","author":"Conte","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ital J Anim Sci."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/1752-153X-7-40","article-title":"Seasonal changes of buffalo colostrum: Physicochemical parameters, fatty acids andcholesterol variation","volume":"7","author":"Coroian","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chem Cent J."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11030703","article-title":"Thermoregulatory responses and performance of dairy calves fed different amounts of colostrum","volume":"11","author":"Silva","year":"2021","journal-title":"Animals."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3109","DOI":"10.2527\/1990.68103109x","article-title":"Body composition and tissue distribution from birth to 14 months for three biological types of beef heifers","volume":"68","author":"Buckley","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Anim Sci."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2227","DOI":"10.2527\/1999.7782227x","article-title":"Effects of prepartum supplementary fat and muscle hypertrophy genotype on cold tolerance in newborn calves","volume":"77","author":"Lammoglia","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Anim Sci."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2247","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11082247","article-title":"Clinical applications and factors Involved in validating thermal windows used in infrared thermography in cattle and river buffalo to assess health and productivity","volume":"11","author":"Mota-Rojas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Animals."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2020.00180","article-title":"Infrared thermography to assess thermoregulatory reactions of female buffaloes in a humid tropical environment","volume":"7","author":"Brcko","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.2741\/3677","article-title":"Central neural pathways for thermoregulation","volume":"16","author":"Morrison","year":"2011","journal-title":"Front Biosci"},{"key":"B55","first-page":"559","article-title":"Thermoregulation","volume-title":"Cunningham's Textbook of Veterinary Physiology","author":"Robinson","year":"2014"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-409548-9.11129-7","article-title":"Temperature regulation","volume":"7","author":"Sokolova","year":"2019","journal-title":"Encycloped Ecol."},{"key":"B57","first-page":"121","article-title":"Adaptive responses to thermal stress in mammals","volume":"2016","author":"Sanin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev Med Vet"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"857777","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.857777","article-title":"Evaluation of the best region for measuring eye temperature in dairy cows exposed to heat stress","volume":"9","author":"Shu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.31893\/jabb.20038","article-title":"Scientific findings related to changes in vascular microcirculation using infrared thermography in the river buffalo","volume":"8","author":"Bertoni","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Anim Behav Biometeorol."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11010071","article-title":"Non-invasive physiological indicators of heat stress in cattle","volume":"11","author":"Idris","year":"2021","journal-title":"Animals."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5252","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2010-3448","article-title":"Technical note: Effects of an epinephrine infusion on eye temperature and heart rate variability in bull calves","volume":"93","author":"Stewart","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0233558","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0233558","article-title":"Evaluation of infrared thermography as a non-invasive method of measuring the autonomic nervous response in sheep","volume":"15","author":"Sutherland","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1007\/s11259-012-9549-3","article-title":"Monitoring the body temperature of cows and calves using video recordings from an infrared thermography camera","volume":"37","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vet Res Commun."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1006093","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.1006093","article-title":"Behavior and thermal comfort of light and dark coat dairy cows in the Eastern Amazon","volume":"9","author":"da Silva","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1017\/S1047951120004606","article-title":"Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest in cyanotic piglets is associated with increased neuronal necrosis","volume":"31","author":"Petko","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cardiol Young."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3893","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2016-12055","article-title":"The use of infrared thermography and accelerometers for remote monitoring of dairy cow health and welfare","volume":"100","author":"Stewart","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11010207","article-title":"Breathing pattern nalysis in Cacttle using infrared thermography and computer vision","volume":"11","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Animals."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9367","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2021.3056112","article-title":"Development of noncontact body temperature monitoring and prediction system for livestock cattle","volume":"21","author":"Ma","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Sens J."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2316","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11082316","article-title":"Pathophysiology of fever and application of infrared thermography (IRT) in the detection of sick domestic animals: Recent advances","volume":"11","author":"Mota-Rojas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Animals."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10050756","article-title":"Thermoregulatory responses of heat acclimatized buffaloes to simulated heat waves","volume":"10","author":"Pereira","year":"2020","journal-title":"Animals."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.5713\/ajas.1999.886","article-title":"Internal changes of blood compartment and heat distribution in swamp buffaloes under hot conditions: comparative study of thermo-regulation in buffaloes and Friesian cows","volume":"12","author":"Koga","year":"1999","journal-title":"Asian-Australasian J Anim Sci."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102664","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtherbio.2020.102664","article-title":"Advances in infrared thermography: Surgical aspects, vascular changes, and pain monitoring in veterinary medicine","volume":"92","author":"Casas-Alvarado","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Therm Biol."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.6000\/1927-520X.2014.03.02.6","article-title":"Physiological changes and blood flow in murrah buffaloes during summer and winter season","volume":"3","author":"Upadhyay","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Buffalo Sci."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2009.08.001","article-title":"Buffalo's biological functions as affected by heat stress\u2014A review","volume":"127","author":"Marai","year":"2010","journal-title":"Livest Sci."},{"key":"B75","unstructured":"Water buffalo thermoregulation: Neurobiological mechanisms, microcirculatory changes and practical applications of infrared thermography92358\n            Mota- RojasD\n            Alnaimy HabeebA\n            GhezziMD\n            Kanth ReddyR\n            NapolitanoF\n            LendezPA\n          \n            FNapolitano\n            DMota-Rojas\n            I Guerrero-Legarreta\n            AOrihuela\n          Ciudad de M\u00e9xicoM\u00e9xicoEl b\u00fafalo de Agua en Latinoam\u00e9rica2020"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Veterinary Science"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fvets.2023.1084092\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]],"date-time":"2023-03-06T11:54:15Z","timestamp":1678103655000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fvets.2023.1084092\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]]},"references-count":75,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fvets.2023.1084092"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fvets.2023.1084092","relation":{},"ISSN":["2297-1769"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2297-1769","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]]},"article-number":"1084092"}}