{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T16:36:02Z","timestamp":1753893362815,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]],"date-time":"2023-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Weaning is a stressful experience in the piglet's life, and it often coincides with impaired gut health. Post-weaning diarrhea in piglets is frequently caused by enterotoxigenic <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>). The first step of an <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> infection is the adhesion to host-specific receptors present on enterocytes, leading to pro-inflammatory immune responses. The aim of this study was to examine if specific fiber fractions in the piglet diet can prevent <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> adhesion and subsequent immune responses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The trial included 200 piglets (Danbred \u00d7 Pi\u00e9train): 10 piglets\/pen \u00d7 10 pens\/dietary treatment \u00d7 2 dietary treatments. From weaning until 14 days (d14) post-weaning, piglets were fed a control diet or test diet with 2 kg\/ton of a mixture of specific fiber fractions derived from <jats:italic>Araceae<\/jats:italic> root and citrus. Afterwards, 1 piglet per pen was euthanized, a section was taken at 75% of small intestinal length and <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> colonization on the mucosal epithelium was quantified by scraping and conventional plating. From the same small intestinal section, histo-morphological indices were assessed, and mucosal scrapings were analyzed for gene expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and NF-kB. Analyses of specific intestinal bacteria and SCFA were performed on samples of intestinal content (small intestine, caecum, colon). Fecal samples were taken to measure myeloperoxidase (MPO), calprotectin and PAP\/RAG3A as biomarkers for intestinal inflammation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results and discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Piglets fed the fiber mixture tended to have decreased <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> colonization to the mucosal epithelium (5.65 vs. 4.84 log10 CFU\/g; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.07), less <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> in the caecum (8.91 vs. 7.72 log10 CFU\/g; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.03) and more Lachnospiraceae in the colon (11.3 vs. 11.6 log10 CFU\/g; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.03). Additionally, the fiber mixture tended to increase cecal butyric acid (10.4 vs. 19.1 mmol\/kg; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.07). No significant effect on histo-morphological indices and on gene expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and NF-kB was observed. The fecal MPO concentration tended to decrease (20.2 vs. 10.4 ng\/g; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.07), indicating less intestinal inflammation. In conclusion, this study showed that specific fiber fractions from <jats:italic>Araceae<\/jats:italic> root and citrus in piglet weaner diets may decrease the risk of pathogen overgrowth by reducing <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> adhesion and intestinal inflammation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2023.1111639","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]],"date-time":"2023-04-28T05:47:51Z","timestamp":1682660871000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Araceae root and citrus fibers tend to decrease Escherichia coli adhesion and myeloperoxidase levels in weaned piglets"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Sofie","family":"Tanghe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maartje","family":"De Vos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeroen","family":"Degroote","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kobe","family":"Lannoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Vande Ginste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Romain","family":"D'Inca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joris","family":"Michiels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2016.01.014","article-title":"High susceptibility prevalence for F4 + and F18 + Escherichia coli in Flemish pigs","volume":"202","author":"Nguyen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s40104-019-0352-7","article-title":"Methodology and application of Escherichia coli F4 and F18 encoding infection models in post-weaning pigs","volume":"10","author":"Luise","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. 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