{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T01:57:50Z","timestamp":1778810270965,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,23]],"date-time":"2023-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679529600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Babesia gibsoni<\/jats:italic> is a tick-borne apicomplexan protozoan causing canine babesiosis. This parasite has diploid sexual reproduction in ticks, during which genetic exchanges can occur leading to increased genetic diversity, which is an important factor in adapting to environmental changes. Exploring the genetic variation of <jats:italic>B. gibsoni<\/jats:italic> population can provide a foundation for understanding the patterns of disease transmission and developing babesiosis control strategies. Partial 18S rRNA fragment sequences were obtained from 11 <jats:italic>B. gibsoni<\/jats:italic> isolates collected from different regions in China and 117 publicly available sequences were from 12 geographical areas including China. The genetic variation, demographic expansion and population structure were examined. A total of 34 haplotypes were identified among <jats:italic>B. gibsoni<\/jats:italic> populations. Analysis of molecular variance, pairwise <jats:italic>Fst<\/jats:italic> and structure analysis showed that high genetic variation within populations, low genetic differentiation and obvious mixture haplotype were apparent in a single continent, but higher genetic differentiation was detected across different continents. Neutrality tests implied that <jats:italic>B. gibsoni<\/jats:italic> populations had experienced population extension. These findings will contribute to understand the genetics and evolution of <jats:italic>B. gibsoni<\/jats:italic> and will be useful for formulating effective management strategies to prevent and control this parasite.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2023.1147958","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,23]],"date-time":"2023-03-23T06:28:49Z","timestamp":1679552929000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Analysis of genetic diversity and population structure of Babesia gibsoni"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Fangyuan","family":"Yin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chuanjiang","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhuojia","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daoe","family":"Mu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haoting","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guiquan","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Facai","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-019-3407-x","article-title":"A review on the occurrence of companion vector-borne diseases in pet animals in Latin America","volume":"12","author":"Maggi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2005.03.018","article-title":"Fatal experimental transplacental Babesia gibsoni infections in dogs","volume":"35","author":"Fukumoto","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2003.222.959","article-title":"Transfusion-associated Babesia gibsoni infection in a dog","volume":"222","author":"Stegeman","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.2007.00220.x","article-title":"Blood, Bull Terriers and Babesiosis: further evidence for direct transmission of Babesia gibsoni in dogs","volume":"85","author":"Jefferies","year":"2007","journal-title":"Aust Vet J."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.2307\/3284248","article-title":"Clinical, anatomic, and immunopathologic characterization of Babesia gibsoni infection in the domestic dog (Canis Familiaris)","volume":"83","author":"Wozniak","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Parasitol."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2008.12.005","article-title":"Diversity of Babesia and Theileria species in symptomatic and asymptomatic dogs in Croatia","volume":"39","author":"Beck","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2018.00248","article-title":"The complexity of piroplasms life cycles","volume":"8","author":"Jalovecka","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2022.03.001","volume":"38","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Babesia gibsoni. 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