{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T16:36:55Z","timestamp":1753893415793,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,13]],"date-time":"2023-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689206400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>The impact of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) extends beyond the farm-level to other stakeholders warranting the need for a collaborative approach to combat AMR while optimising production objectives and safeguarding human health. This study maps out the effect of AMR originating from poultry production in Senegal and highlights the entry points for interventions from stakeholders\u2019 perspectives. A causal loop diagram (CLD) was developed following a group model building procedure with 20 stakeholders and integrated with network analysis by translating the CLD into an unweighted directed network. Results indicate that with an eigenvector centrality of 1, 0.85, and 0.74, the production cost, on-farm profit, and on-farm productivity, respectively are the most ranked influential variables driving the complexity of AMR in the poultry production system. Two reinforcing feedback loops highlight the dual benefits of improving on-farm productivity and increasing on-farm profit. However, one balancing feedback loop that revolves around the causal link between producers\u2019 investment in qualified human resource personnel to ensure good farm management practices underline the financial implication of producers\u2019 investment decisions. The findings provide precursory groundings for the development of a quantitative SD model, the formulation of intervention scenarios and <jats:italic>ex-ante<\/jats:italic> impact assessment of the cost-effectiveness of the interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2023.1189109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,14]],"date-time":"2023-07-14T02:12:40Z","timestamp":1689300760000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Mapping the effect of antimicrobial resistance in poultry production in Senegal: an integrated system dynamics and network analysis approach"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Joshua","family":"Aboah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Babacar","family":"Ngom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eves","family":"Emes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Awa Gueye","family":"Fall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Moutar","family":"Seydi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ardiouma","family":"Faye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Dione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31561","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3160213","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance and machine learning: challenges and opportunities","volume":"10","author":"Elyan","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"876513","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.876513","article-title":"A qualitative study of antibiotic use practices in intensive small-scale farming in urban and Peri-urban Blantyre, Malawi: implications for antimicrobial resistance","volume":"9","author":"Mankhomwa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.29261\/pakvetj\/2021.074","article-title":"In vitro antibiotic susceptibility, virulence genes profiles and integrons of Streptococcus suis isolates from pig herds in Liaoning Province of China","volume":"42","author":"Guo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pak Vet J"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-28750-6","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance and population genomics of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli in pig farms in mainland China","volume":"13","author":"Peng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaaw1944","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaw1944","article-title":"Global trends in antimicrobial resistance in animals in low-and middle-income countries","volume":"365","author":"Van Boeckel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-022-01124-w","article-title":"A bottom-up view of antimicrobial resistance transmission in developing countries","author":"Ikhimiukor","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Microbiol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5649","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1503141112","article-title":"Global trends in antimicrobial use in food animals","volume":"112","author":"Van Boeckel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.8b00643","article-title":"Differential drivers of antimicrobial resistance across the world","volume":"52","author":"Vikesland","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acc Chem Res"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-53024-2_3","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance, food systems and climate change","volume-title":"Sustainable agriculture reviews 46: mitigation of antimicrobial resistance volume 1: tools and targets","author":"Mohsin","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-021-04008-9","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance: the \u2018other\u2019 pandemic!: based on 9th Dr. I. 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