{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T04:47:39Z","timestamp":1790830059155,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,11]],"date-time":"2024-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704931200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Previous studies have revealed that activated charcoal sorption of Chinese herbal extracts is more effective than activated charcoal. The present study was designed to investigate whether phenols and flavonoids have an effect on nutrient metabolism, antioxidant activity, immunity, and intestinal morphology in broilers. Seven diets [basal diet (CON); CON supplemented with 450\u2009mg\/kg of activated charcoal (AC); CON supplemented with 250, 500, 750, 1,000, or 7,500\u2009mg\/kg of phenolic acids and flavonoids (PF) to AC (PFAC)]. PFAC was the complex of AC sorption of PF in the ratio of 9:1. These dietary treatments for broilers lasted for 42\u2009days. Results showed that at d 21, all doses of PFAC altered serum levels of total protein, albumin, and creatinine compared to AC (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). Both PFAC and AC altered HDL-, LDL-, and VLDL-cholesterol levels compared to CON (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). PFAC at 500\u2009mg\/kg (450\u2009mg\/kg\u2009AC+ 50\u2009mg\/kg phenolic acids and flavonoids) increased serum IgA and IgM (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05), but AC at 450\u2009mg\/kg did not, compared to CON. At d 42, breast and thigh muscles of PFAC-treated broilers had higher free radical scavenging activities compared to CON (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05), but AC had no such effect. PFAC at 500\u2009mg\/kg increased villus height in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum compared to CON (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05), but AC had no such response. PFAC at 500\u2009mg\/kg effectively improved protein and lipid metabolism, antioxidant status, and intestinal morphology, but AC had no such effect at a similar dose. Excessive PFAC (7,500\u2009mg\/kg) showed no significant side effects on broiler growth, liver damage, or hematology. These results suggest that phenols and flavonoids, in cooperation with activated charcoal, provide the majority of the functions of the herbal extract from multiple Chinese medicinal herbs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2023.1327455","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,11]],"date-time":"2024-01-11T04:15:00Z","timestamp":1704946500000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Sorption of phenols and flavonoids on activated charcoal improves protein metabolism, antioxidant status, immunity, and intestinal morphology in broilers"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqi","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lixue","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangyue","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"S27","article-title":"An integrated approach to understanding gut function and gut health of chickens","volume":"14","author":"Hughes","year":"2005","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins13090633","article-title":"Mycotoxins in poultry feed and feed ingredients from sub-Saharan Africa and their impact on the production of broiler and layer chickens: a review","volume":"13","author":"Ochieng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/s40104-016-0097-5","article-title":"Association between heat stress and oxidative stress in poultry; mitochondrial dysfunction and dietary interventions with phytochemicals","volume":"7","author":"Akbarian","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Anim Sci Biotechnol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1079\/NRR2005115","article-title":"Nutrition-based health in animal production","volume":"19","author":"Adams","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nutr Res Rev"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.2006.00775_2.x","article-title":"Ws14 the Eu ban of antibiotics as feed additives (2006): alternatives and consumer safety","volume":"29","author":"Anad\u00f3n","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Vet Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"ref6","volume-title":"Ministry of Agriculture and rural Affairs of People\u2019s Republic of China","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2014.11.011","article-title":"Effects of pyrolysis temperature and heating time on biochar obtained from the pyrolysis of straw and lignosulfonate","volume":"176","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bioresour Technol"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"59","article-title":"Application effect of charcoal in animal castration","volume":"8","author":"Zhou","year":"2013","journal-title":"Contemp Anim Husb"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"83","article-title":"Overview of Pharmic research on Chinese herbal-charcoal","author":"Wu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Strait Pharm J"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins13020171","article-title":"Mycotoxin occurrence, toxicity, and detoxifying agents in pig production with an emphasis on Deoxynivalenol","volume":"13","author":"Holanda","year":"2021","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"644","article-title":"Induced acute Aflatoxicosis in goats: treatment with activated charcoal or dual combinations of Oxytetracycline, Stanozolol, and activated charcoal","volume":"43","author":"Hatch","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102804","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2019.02.029","article-title":"Determination of mechanisms of action of active carbons as a feed additive","volume":"93","author":"Burchacka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bioorg Chem"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.56808\/2985-1130.2615","article-title":"Effect of activated charcoal-supplemented diet on growth performance and intestinal morphology of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus)","volume":"45","author":"Pirarat","year":"2015","journal-title":"Thai J Vet Med"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.5897\/AJPP11.274","article-title":"The use of metronidazole and activated charcoal in the treatment of diarrhea caused by Escherichia Coli 0157: H7 in an in vitro Pharmacodynamic model","volume":"5","author":"Ilomuanya","year":"2011","journal-title":"Afr J Pharm Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1080\/03007995.2017.1416345","article-title":"Is there a role for charcoal in palliative diarrhea management?","volume":"34","author":"Senderovich","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.63.281","article-title":"Adsorption effect of activated charcoal on Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia Coli","volume":"63","author":"Naka","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Vet Med Sci"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1080\/09712119.2012.738219","article-title":"Effects of bamboo charcoal on the growth performance, blood characteristics and noxious gas emission in fattening pigs","volume":"41","author":"Chu","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Appl Anim Res"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-010-9653-8","article-title":"Growth performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with graded levels of charcoal from maize cob or seed of Canarium Schweinfurthii Engl","volume":"43","author":"Kana","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trop Anim Health Pro"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-8401(01)00205-X","article-title":"Effects of providing dietary wood (oak) charcoal to broiler chicks and laying hens","volume":"90","author":"Kutlu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anim Feed Sci Technol"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"10","article-title":"The effect of charcoal addition to diets for broilers on performance and carcass parameters","volume":"55","author":"Majewska","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet Med Zoot"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"111","article-title":"Rice distillers\u2019 byproduct and biochar as additives to a forage-based diet for growing moo lath pigs; effects on growth and feed conversion","volume":"30","author":"Sivilai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Livest Res Rural Dev"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e7373","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.7373","article-title":"The use of biochar in animal feeding","volume":"7","author":"Schmidt","year":"2019","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14873","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms14873","article-title":"Rapid Electron transfer by the carbon matrix in natural pyrogenic carbon","volume":"8","author":"Sun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5019","DOI":"10.1038\/srep05019","article-title":"Promoting interspecies Electron transfer with biochar","volume":"4","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.200","article-title":"Microstructural and associated chemical changes during the composting of a high temperature biochar: mechanisms for nitrate, phosphate and other nutrient retention and release","volume":"618","author":"Joseph","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-01123-0","article-title":"Organic coating on biochar explains its nutrient retention and stimulation of soil fertility","volume":"8","author":"Hagemann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.4172\/2161-0495.1000186","article-title":"Oral application of charcoal and humic acids to dairy cows influences Clostridium Botulinum blood serum antibody level and glyphosate excretion in urine","volume":"4","author":"Gerlach","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Toxicol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1458","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2007-0406","article-title":"Tana, Koiwa M. Feeding activated charcoal from bark containing wood vinegar liquid (Nekka-Rich) is effective as treatment for cryptosporidiosis in calves","volume":"91","author":"Watarai","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5948","DOI":"10.1039\/C8RA10283J","article-title":"Effects of activated charcoal-herb Extractum complex on the growth performance, immunological indices, intestinal morphology and microflora in weaning piglets","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"RSC Adv"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"856634","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.856634","article-title":"Beneficial alteration in growth performance, immune status, and intestinal microbiota by supplementation of activated charcoal-herb Extractum complex in broilers","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.3390\/ani9121151","article-title":"Effects of activated charcoal-herb Extractum complex on antioxidant status, lipid metabolites and safety of excess supplementation in weaned piglets","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2200","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11112200","article-title":"Cooperative interaction of phenolic acids and flavonoids contained in activated charcoal with herb extracts, involving cholesterol, bile acid, and Fxr\/Pxr activation in broilers fed with mycotoxin-containing diets","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hermed.2013.04.004","article-title":"Effect of extraction conditions on Total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities of Carica Papaya leaf aqueous extracts","volume":"3","author":"Vuong","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Herb Med"},{"key":"ref34","first-page":"647","article-title":"Spectrophotometric estimation of total alkaloids in selected justicia species","volume":"6","author":"John","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Pharm Pharm Sci"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2014.08.019","article-title":"Effects of salinity and salinity-induced augmented bioactive compounds in purslane (Portulaca Oleracea L.) for possible economical use","volume":"169","author":"Alam","year":"2015","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4172\/2157-7064.1000308","article-title":"Simultaneous detection method for mycotoxins and their metabolites in animal urine by using impurity adsorption purification followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass detection","volume":"6","author":"Guo","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Chromatogr Techn"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1590\/0074-02760160403","article-title":"N-acetyl-cysteine inhibits liver oxidative stress markers in Balb\/C mice infected with Leishmania Amazonensis","volume":"112","author":"Gasparotto","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3835","DOI":"10.1007\/s13197-020-04844-1","article-title":"Use of alginate edible coating and basil (Ocimum Spp) extracts on beef characteristics during storage","volume":"58","author":"Alexandre","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Food Sci Technol"},{"key":"ref39","first-page":"84","article-title":"The improved pyrogallol method by using terminating agent for superoxide dismutase measurement","volume":"22","author":"Jing","year":"1995","journal-title":"Prog Biochem Biophys"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111833","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2020.111833","article-title":"Comparison of tandem-X Insar data and high-density Als for the prediction of Forest inventory attributes in plantation forests with steep terrain","volume":"246","author":"Leonardo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Remote Sens Environ"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1071\/AN17352","article-title":"Comparative effects of powder, aqueous and methanolic extracts of purslane (Portulaca Oleracea L.) on growth performance, antioxidant status, abdominal fat deposition and plasma lipids in broiler chickens","volume":"59","author":"Habibian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anim Prod Sci"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2276","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2018.1534852","article-title":"And its antioxidant activities","volume":"34","author":"Ma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Prod Res"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2012.12.005","article-title":"No inhibitory guaianolide-derived terpenoids from artemisia argyi","volume":"85","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-004-2527-z","article-title":"Chemiluminescence detection of superoxide anion release and superoxide dismutase activity: modulation effect of Pulsatilla Chinensis","volume":"379","author":"Yao","year":"2004","journal-title":"Anal Bioanal Chem"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.4314\/ajtcam.v10i6.11","article-title":"A study on the antitumour effect of Total flavonoids from Pteris Multifida Poir in H22 tumour-bearing mice","volume":"10","author":"Yu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med"},{"key":"ref46","first-page":"651","article-title":"Potential benefits of herbal supplements in poultry feed: a review","volume":"7","author":"Vinus","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharma Innov J"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2021.92-96","article-title":"Drinking water supplemented with wood vinegar on growth performance, intestinal morphology, and gut microbial of broiler chickens","volume":"14","author":"Hanchai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vet World"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.3923\/ijps.2009.229.236","article-title":"Effects of dietary bamboo charcoal powder including vinegar liquid on growth performance and histological intestinal change in Aigamo ducks","volume":"8","author":"Ruttanavut","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Poult Sci"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.2141\/jpsa.38.289","article-title":"Morphological changes of the intestinal villi in chickens fed the dietary charcoal powder including wood vinegar compounds","volume":"38","author":"Samanya","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Poult Sci"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/84.4.515","article-title":"Tana. Eliminating the carriage of Salmonella Enterica Serovar Enteritidis in domestic fowls by feeding activated charcoal from bark containing wood vinegar liquid (Nekka-Rich)","volume":"84","author":"Watarai","year":"2005","journal-title":"Poult Sci"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(00)00861-X","article-title":"Negative atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation low-energy collision activation mass spectrometry for the characterisation of flavonoids in extracts of fresh herbs","volume":"902","author":"Justesen","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Chromatogr A"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra043590","article-title":"Retinoid X receptor heterodimers in the metabolic syndrome","volume":"353","author":"Shulman","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2012.01.030","article-title":"Nuclear receptors in the multidrug resistance through the regulation of drug-metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters","volume":"83","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1080\/00071668.2019.1571164","article-title":"Different susceptibility to fatty liver-Haemorrhagic syndrome in Young and older layers and the interaction on blood Ldl-C levels between Oestradiols and high energy-low protein diets","volume":"60","author":"Dong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br Poult Sci"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.2174\/1389203721666200203152643","article-title":"Impacts of dietary protein from fermented cottonseed meal on lipid metabolism and Metabolomic profiling in the serum of broilers","volume":"21","author":"Nie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Protein Pept Sci"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2588","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11112588","article-title":"Polyphenol effects on cholesterol metabolism via bile acid biosynthesis, Cyp7a1: a review","volume":"11","author":"Chambers","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1080\/00071669888214","article-title":"Effects of dietary wood charcoal on performance and fatness of broiler chicks","volume":"39","author":"Kutlu","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br Poult Sci"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1080\/00071669986710","article-title":"Effects of providing dietary wood charcoal to broiler chicks of different ages","volume":"40","author":"Kutlu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br Poult Sci"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/S1369-5274(99)80033-2","article-title":"Oxidative stress","volume":"2","author":"Storz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Curr Opin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9120(99)00075-2","article-title":"Antioxidant enzymes and human diseases","volume":"32","author":"Mat\u00e9s","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Biochem"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2585","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11092585","article-title":"Addition of bamboo charcoal to selenium (se)-Rich feed improves growth and antioxidant capacity of blunt snout bream (Megalobrama Amblycephala)","volume":"11","author":"Jiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3880","DOI":"10.1021\/jf505889b","article-title":"Effect of various levels of dietary curcumin on meat quality and antioxidant profile of breast muscle in broilers","volume":"63","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Agric Food Chem"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.131.2.801","article-title":"The effects of interleukin 1 on human B cell activation and proliferation","volume":"131","author":"Falkoff","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6781","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.11.6781","article-title":"Regulation of Ifn-gamma production by B effector 1 cells: essential roles for T-bet and the Ifn-gamma receptor","volume":"174","author":"Harris","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.021908.132612","article-title":"Immunological and inflammatory functions of the Interleukin-1 family","volume":"27","author":"Dinarello","year":"2009","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00040.2012","article-title":"Oxidative stress: an essential factor in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal mucosal diseases","volume":"94","author":"Bhattacharyya","year":"2014","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nutr.24.012003.132446","article-title":"Oxidative stress, and inflammation","volume":"25","author":"Singh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Annu Rev Nutr"},{"key":"ref68","author":"Panneerselvam","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-01-403386","article-title":"Ccr2 recruits an inflammatory macrophage subpopulation critical for angiogenesis in tissue repair","volume":"120","author":"Willenborg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.21750","article-title":"Role of connective tissue growth factor and its interaction with basic fibroblast growth factor and macrophage chemoattractant Protein-1 in skin fibrosis","volume":"220","author":"Chujo","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-7-375","article-title":"Serum albumin and mortality risk in a Hyperendemic area of Hcv infection in Japan","volume":"7","author":"Nagao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Virol J"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00495148","article-title":"Distribution of albumin in Normal and regenerating livers of mice","volume":"83","author":"Tuczek","year":"1985","journal-title":"Histochem"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-017-1160-y","article-title":"Performance, biochemical and haematological responses, and relative organ weights of laying hens fed diets supplemented with prebiotic, probiotic and synbiotic","volume":"13","author":"Tang","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Vet Res"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Veterinary Science"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fvets.2023.1327455\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,11]],"date-time":"2024-01-11T04:15:09Z","timestamp":1704946509000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fvets.2023.1327455\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,11]]},"references-count":73,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fvets.2023.1327455"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fvets.2023.1327455","relation":{},"ISSN":["2297-1769"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2297-1769","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,11]]},"article-number":"1327455"}}