{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T18:41:01Z","timestamp":1770748861227,"version":"3.50.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716422400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>This case report describes a 17-month-old Pudelpointer with recurring motor impairment localized to the left thoracic limb. A neurological exam highlighted lameness in that limb, accompanied by pre-scapular swelling. Radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging detected an osseous structure in soft tissues close to the fifth cervical vertebra, and subsequent surgery uncovered adjacent cervical spinal nerve impingement. Histology of the bony structure revealed heterotopic ossification in paravertebral muscles. Mild bone re-formation at the operating site was detected after a 2-year period, but the patient was asymptomatic. This article reports the first case of heterotopic ossification with spinal nerve entrapment in a dog and adds a new differential diagnosis to the causes of neurogenic lameness in dogs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2024.1335175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T14:16:25Z","timestamp":1716473785000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Case report: Focal heterotopic ossification in paravertebral muscles as a cause of neurogenic lameness in a dog"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Ivo","family":"Hajek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Rosati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kaspar","family":"Matiasek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michal","family":"Babinsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abby","family":"Caine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Viktor","family":"Palus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.3928\/0147-7447-19960201-10","article-title":"Heterotopic ossification","volume":"19","author":"Naraghi","year":"1996","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"770931","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2022.770931","article-title":"Heterotopic ossification: clinical features, basic researches, and mechanical stimulations","volume":"10","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200911000-00003","article-title":"Heterotopic ossification following traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury","volume":"17","author":"Cipriano","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.2478\/raon-2019-0039","article-title":"Heterotopic ossification: radiological and pathological review","volume":"53","author":"Mujtaba","year":"2019","journal-title":"Radiol Oncol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1177\/036354657600400304","article-title":"Treatment of myositis ossificans traumatica in athletes","volume":"4","author":"Lipscomb","year":"1976","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2059513117695659","DOI":"10.1177\/2059513117695659","article-title":"The development and impact of heterotopic ossification in burns: a review of four decades of research","volume":"3","author":"Kornhaber","year":"2017","journal-title":"Scars Burn Heal"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2014.08.025","article-title":"Radiotherapy for the prophylaxis of heterotopic ossification: a systematic review and meta-analysis of published data","volume":"113","author":"Popovic","year":"2014","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2001.tb06026.x","article-title":"Fibrodysplasia ossificans in a German shepherd dog","volume":"42","author":"Guilliard","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Small Anim Pract"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1990.197.03.383","article-title":"von Willebrand heterotopic osteochondrofibrosis in Doberman pinschers: five cases (1980-1987)","volume":"197","author":"Dueland","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1976.tb06973.x","article-title":"A condition resembling human localized myositis ossificans in two dogs","volume":"17","author":"Liu","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Small Anim Pract"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1177\/030098588402100507","article-title":"Fibrodysplasia ossificans in three cats","volume":"21","author":"Warren","year":"1984","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1080\/00480169.1988.35516","article-title":"Traumatic myositis ossificans in a dog","volume":"36","author":"Dillon","year":"1988","journal-title":"N Z Vet J"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1992.tb00366.x","article-title":"Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva in the cat. A case report","volume":"6","author":"Valentine","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1649","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.001649","article-title":"Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva in a Maine coon cat with prominent ossification in dorsal muscle","volume":"71","author":"Yabuzoe","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Vet Med Sci"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12040","article-title":"Imaging diagnosis: fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva in a cat","volume":"54","author":"Klang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.68.1003","article-title":"Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva-like condition in a cat","volume":"68","author":"Asano","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Vet Med Sci"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100757","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcam.2022.100757","article-title":"Use of Enrofloxacin and hydrotherapy in the Management of Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (FOP) in a Savannah cat","volume":"52","author":"Jacobsen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Top Companion Anim Med"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985819835585","article-title":"Identification of the identical human mutation in ACVR1 in 2 cats with Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva","volume":"56","author":"Casal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2014.12297.x","article-title":"Surgical treatment of traumatic myositis Ossificans of the extensor carpi Radialis muscle in a dog","volume":"44","author":"Morton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet Surg"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"992728","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.992728","article-title":"Management of bilateral pterygoid myositis ossificans-like lesion in dogs","volume":"9","author":"De Paolo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"289","article-title":"Kinematic characteristics of myositis ossificans of the semimembranosus muscle in a dog","volume":"51","author":"Vilar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.3415\/VCOT-12-02-0029","article-title":"Myositis ossificans circumscripta of the triceps muscle in a Rottweiler dog","volume":"26","author":"Tambella","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1007\/s13244-013-0265-5","article-title":"Pelvic heterotopic ossification: when CT comes to the aid of MR imaging","volume":"4","author":"Zagarella","year":"2013","journal-title":"Insights Imaging"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.5535\/arm.2012.36.5.713","article-title":"Early presentation of heterotopic ossification mimicking pyomyositis - two case reports","volume":"36","author":"Choi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Rehabil Med"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-8389(05)70306-7","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging of musculoskeletal soft tissue masses","volume":"39","author":"Siegel","year":"2001","journal-title":"Radiol Clin North Am"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.4329\/wjr.v5.i12.455","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging of soft-tissue tumors of the extremities: a practical approach","volume":"5","author":"Chan","year":"2013","journal-title":"World J Radiol"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1274","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198062080-00006","article-title":"Pseudomalignant myositis ossificans: heterotopic new-bone formation without a history of trauma","volume":"62","author":"Ogilvie-Harris","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/s0046-8177(75)80075-x","article-title":"Pseudomalignant myositis ossificans. A pathological study of eight cases","volume":"6","author":"Lagier","year":"1975","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199801000-00020","article-title":"Pseudomalignant heterotopic ossification","volume":"346","author":"Kaplan","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-005-0958-z","article-title":"Heterotopic ossification: a review","volume":"34","author":"McCarthy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200403000-00007","article-title":"Heterotopic ossification","volume":"12","author":"Kaplan","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1126\/science.150.3698.893","article-title":"Bone: formation by autoinduction","volume":"150","author":"Urist","year":"1965","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1996.03890310101015","article-title":"Skin and bones","volume":"132","author":"Kaplan","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.8.2.133","article-title":"The TGF-beta superfamily: new members, new receptors, and new genetic tests of function in different organisms","volume":"8","author":"Kingsley","year":"1994","journal-title":"Genes Dev"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.1990.supplement_13.14","article-title":"Growth factors influencing bone development","volume":"1990","author":"Wozney","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Cell Sci Suppl"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.111.2.531","article-title":"Involvement of bone morphogenetic Protein-4 (BMP-4) and Vgr-1 in morphogenesis and neurogenesis in the mouse","volume":"111","author":"Jones","year":"1991","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650090510","article-title":"Transient and localized expression of bone morphogenetic protein 4 messenger RNA during fracture healing","volume":"9","author":"Nakase","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.N.01056","article-title":"Heterotopic ossification: basic-science principles and clinical correlates","volume":"97","author":"Ranganathan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.H.00792","article-title":"Heterotopic ossification in high-energy wartime extremity injuries: prevalence and risk factors","volume":"91","author":"Forsberg","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.J.00776","article-title":"Heterotopic ossification following combat-related trauma","volume":"92","author":"Potter","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255fs37","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3010168","article-title":"Burned to the bone","volume":"6","author":"Forsberg","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e10172","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm4.10172","article-title":"Heterotopic ossification: a comprehensive review","volume":"3","author":"Meyers","year":"2019","journal-title":"JBMR Plus"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1629","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197355080-00006","article-title":"Ectopic ossification following total hip replacement. Incidence and a method of classification","volume":"55","author":"Brooker","year":"1973","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1093\/jhps\/hnv052","article-title":"Heterotopic ossification after hip arthroscopy","volume":"2","author":"Amar","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Hip Preserv Surg"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1054\/arth.2002.34819","article-title":"Heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty: a critical analysis of the Brooker classification and proposal of a simplified rating system","volume":"17","author":"Della Valle","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Arthroplast"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00420328","article-title":"A new classification for heterotopic ossifications in total hip arthroplasty considering the surgical approach","volume":"115","author":"Schmidt","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13424","article-title":"Evaluation of L7-S1 nerve root pathology with low-field MRI in dogs with lumbosacral foraminal stenosis","volume":"49","author":"Lichtenhahn","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vet Surg"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.3415\/VCOT-11-03-0039","article-title":"Obturator nerve impingement as a severe late complication of bilateral triple pelvic osteotomy","volume":"25","author":"Tong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol"},{"key":"ref49","first-page":"569","article-title":"Peripheral nerve injury associated with fracture or fracture-dislocation of the pelvis in dogs and cats: 34 cases (1978-1982)","volume":"190","author":"Jacobson","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2020.12.003","article-title":"Neurologic causes of thoracic limb lameness","volume":"51","author":"Kerwin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Veterinary Science"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fvets.2024.1335175\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T14:16:29Z","timestamp":1716473789000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fvets.2024.1335175\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]]},"references-count":50,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fvets.2024.1335175"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fvets.2024.1335175","relation":{},"ISSN":["2297-1769"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2297-1769","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]]},"article-number":"1335175"}}