{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T10:32:06Z","timestamp":1787740326420,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,2]],"date-time":"2024-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706832000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aims to investigate differences in metabolism regarding the transition cows. Eight cows were selected for the test. Serum was collected on antepartum days 14th (ap14) and 7th (ap7) and postpartum days 1st (pp1), 7th (pp7), and 14th (pp14) to detect biochemical parameters. The experiment screened out differential metabolites in the antepartum (ap) and postpartum (pp) periods and combined with metabolic pathway analysis to study the relationship and role between metabolites and metabolic abnormalities. Results: (1) The glucose (Glu) levels in ap7 were significantly higher than the other groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01). The insulin (Ins) levels of ap7 were significantly higher than pp7 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.028) and pp14 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01), and pp1 was also significantly higher than pp14 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.016). The insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels of ap7 were significantly higher than ap14, pp7, and pp14 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01). The cholestenone (CHO) levels of ap14 and pp14 were significantly higher than pp1 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01). The CHO levels of pp14 were significantly higher than pp7 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01). The high density lipoprotein cholesterol (DHDL) levels of pp1 were significantly lower than ap14 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04), pp7 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01), and pp14 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01), and pp14 was also significantly higher than ap14 and ap7 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01). (2) The interferon-gamma (IFN-\u03b3) and tumor necrosis factor \u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1) levels of ap7 were significantly higher than pp1 and pp7 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01); the immunoglobulin A (IgA) levels of pp1 were significantly higher than ap7 and pp7 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01); the interleukin-4 (IL-4) levels of pp7 were significantly higher than ap7 and pp1 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01), the interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels of ap7 and pp1 were significantly higher than pp7 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01). (3) Metabolomics identified differential metabolites mainly involved in metabolic pathways, such as tryptophan metabolism, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, tyrosine metabolism, and lysine degradation. The main relevant metabolism was concentrated in lipid and lipid-like molecules, organic heterocyclic compounds, organic acids, and their derivatives. The results displayed the metabolic changes in the transition period, which laid a foundation for further exploring the mechanism of metabolic abnormalities in dairy cows in the transition period.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2024.1347585","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,2]],"date-time":"2024-02-02T04:20:00Z","timestamp":1706847600000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Differences of serum glucose and lipid metabolism and immune parameters and blood metabolomics regarding the transition cows in the antepartum and postpartum period"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Xinya","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luyao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shouqiang","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaoyue","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuewei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Long","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yujia","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S155","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skaa134","article-title":"Interaction between inflammation and metabolism in periparturient dairy cows","volume":"98","author":"Mezzetti","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5435","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2011-4208","article-title":"Induced hypoglycemia for 48 hours indicates differential glucose and insulin effects on liver metabolism in dairy cows","volume":"94","author":"Kreipe","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1422","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731119003410","article-title":"Net hepatic release of glucose from precursor supply in ruminants: a meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Loncke","year":"2020","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2017.1367-1377","article-title":"Metabolic and immunological changes in transition dairy cows: a review","volume":"10","author":"Wankhade","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet World"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1071\/RD12272","article-title":"Associations between lipid metabolism and fertility in the dairy cow","volume":"25","author":"Wathes","year":"2012","journal-title":"Reprod Fertil Dev"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1336","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10081336","article-title":"Research on the applications of calcium propionate in dairy cows: a review","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1186\/s40104-020-00501-x","article-title":"Role of nutraceuticals during the transition period of dairy cows: a review","volume":"11","author":"Lopreiato","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Anim Sci Biotechnol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4639","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2018-15601","article-title":"Plasma metabolite changes in dairy cows during parturition identified using untargeted metabolomics","volume":"102","author":"Luo","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-3930.60001","article-title":"Pharmacological evaluation of Glyoherb: a polyherbal formulation on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats","volume":"30","author":"Thakkar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. 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