{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T12:13:34Z","timestamp":1769516014228,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]],"date-time":"2024-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716508800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>In veterinary medicine there are few readily available products for platelet transfusion to patients with thrombocytopenia. Commercial tabletop platelet concentrating systems have recently become available to veterinarians, primarily directed towards uses associated with regenerative medicine. These systems could potentially be used to produce fresh concentrated platelets for use in transfusion medicine. This study evaluated the concentration, activation, and sterility of a double centrifugation platelet concentrate (PC) produced by a commercial benchtop system.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ten healthy dogs were studied. Whole blood was collected and mixed with ACD-A in a 1:7.6 ratio of ACD-A to whole blood. 12 mL of this mixture was processed into PC via single centrifugation, while 60 mL of the anticoagulated whole blood was processed via a commercial double centrifugation system. Both types of PC were evaluated for platelet concentration, CD62P expression with and without thrombin stimulation, and for sterility.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mean platelet count in the double centrifuged PC was 863 \u00b1 352 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\/\u03bcL, with very low white blood cell contamination (median of 0.47 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> leukocyte\/\u03bcL (range 0.15\u20132.18 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\/\u03bcL)). The double-centrifuged PC had similar baseline activation characteristics (as determined by P-selectin expression) as the single centrifuge PC (0.76% vs. 0.72% unstimulated, 30.5% vs. 34.9% stimulated, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.432).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The benchtop PC system studied here did not cause activation of platelets during production and produced a sterile product that can be further investigated as a source of fresh platelet concentrates for transfusion purposes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2024.1384938","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]],"date-time":"2024-05-24T05:09:03Z","timestamp":1716527343000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evaluation of activation characteristics of a canine platelet concentrate produced by a commercial double centrifugation system"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Nicole","family":"Tey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amie","family":"Koenig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katie","family":"Hodges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benjamin M.","family":"Brainard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.164.21.647","article-title":"Retrospective study of 871 dogs with thrombocytopenia","volume":"164","author":"Botsch","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.5326\/0440250","article-title":"Primary immune-mediated thrombocytopenia in 30 dogs (1997\u20132003)","volume":"44","author":"Putsche","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Amer Anim Hosp Assoc"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-4431.2011.00706.x","article-title":"Platelet transfusions: treatment options for hemorrhage secondary to thrombocytopenia","volume":"22","author":"Hux","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Vet Emerg Crit Care"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.7326\/M14-1589","article-title":"Platelet transfusion: a clinical practice guideline from the AABB","volume":"162","author":"Kaufman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0904084","article-title":"Dose of prophylactic platelet transfusions and prevention of hemorrhage","volume":"362","author":"Slichter","year":"2010","journal-title":"N Engl J 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counts in canine platelet-rich plasma obtained after successive blood collections from the same patient and the effects of freezing on the concentration of growth factors present in it","volume":"9","author":"DeMello","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2178","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.595","article-title":"Effects of pentoxifylline on canine platelet aggregation","volume":"7","author":"Thomason","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vet Med Sci"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1754","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.16169","article-title":"Platelet number and function in response to a single intravenous dose of vincristine","volume":"35","author":"Allen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-6247.150933","article-title":"Platelet storage lesion: an 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