{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T14:45:54Z","timestamp":1794062754982,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]],"date-time":"2024-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716336000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Intramedullary cord tumors present diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Furthermore, spinal cord tumors can move across compartments, making antemortem diagnosis difficult, even with advanced imaging. This report presents a rare case of a cranial cervical spinal glioma, confirmed by surgical histopathology, with postoperative improvement in a dog.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case description<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 9-year-old female Maltese dog presented with kyphotic posture, progressive left hemiparesis, and decreased appetite. Neurological examination revealed neck pain and decreased proprioception in the left limbs along with intact deep pain perception. Two days later, the patient developed non-ambulatory tetraparesis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed an ovoid, well-defined mass with homogeneously marked contrast enhancement in the second cervical spinal cord that severely compressed the spinal cord. This mass was heterogeneously hyperintense on T2-weighted images and iso-to-hypointense on T1-weighted images, showing an appearance resembling the \u201cgolf-tee\u201d and \u201cdural tail\u201d signs. The MRI findings suggested an intradural extramedullary tumor. Intraoperatively, a well-demarcated mass which was locally adherent to the spinal meninges was removed. Both histopathological and genomic tumor tests were indicative of a glioma. Approximately 2\u2009weeks postoperatively, the patient\u2019s neurological signs returned to normal.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This case report describes an atypical cervical glioma with complicated MR characteristics in a dog, where MRI helped guide surgical intervention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2024.1400139","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]],"date-time":"2024-05-22T11:49:46Z","timestamp":1716378586000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Case report: Magnetic resonance imaging features with postoperative improvement of atypical cervical glioma characterized by predominant extramedullary distribution in a dog"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Junyoung","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kihoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dai Jung","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yebeen","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kitae","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dayoung","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Namsoon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jihye","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junghee","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.4142\/jvs.2016.17.2.225","article-title":"Imaging and surgical outcomes of spinal tumors in 18 dogs and one cat","volume":"17","author":"Besalti","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Vet Sci"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"610490","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2020.610490","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging features of extradural spinal neoplasia in 60 dogs and seven cats","volume":"7","author":"Auger","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638716673127","article-title":"Canine spinal cord glioma: a case series and review of the literature","volume":"29","author":"Rissi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Vet Diagn Invest"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.19-0260","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging findings of an intradural extramedullary hemangiosarcoma in a dog","volume":"81","author":"Kutara","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Vet Med Sci"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.16327","article-title":"Agreement and differentiation of intradural spinal cord lesions in dogs using magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"36","author":"Krasnow","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1201\/9781315121055","volume-title":"Diagnostic MRI in dogs and cats","author":"Mai","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.41-5-524","article-title":"Oligodendroglioma in the cervical spinal cord of a dog","volume":"41","author":"Mamom","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.12182","article-title":"Intramedullary spinal cord neoplasia in 53 dogs (1990\u20132010): distribution, clinicopathologic characteristics, and clinical behavior","volume":"27","author":"Pancotto","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12501","article-title":"Evaluation of magnetic resonance imaging for the differentiation of inflammatory, neoplastic, and vascular intradural spinal cord diseases in the dog","volume":"58","author":"Masciarelli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.1999.tb00890.x","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging features of tumors of the spine and spinal cord in dogs","volume":"40","author":"Kippenes","year":"1999","journal-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1003042","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.1003042","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging features of canine intradural\/extramedullary intervertebral disc extrusion in seven cases","volume":"9","author":"Casado","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"650320","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2021.650320","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid drop metastases of canine glioma: magnetic resonance imaging classification","volume":"8","author":"Bentley","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E32","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12474","article-title":"Imaging diagnosis-antemortem detection of oligodendroglioma \u201ccerebrospinal fluid drop metastases\u201d in a dog by serial magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"59","author":"Vigeral","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e77","DOI":"10.5326\/JAAHA-MS-5551","article-title":"Multifocal oligodendroglioma in three dogs","volume":"47","author":"Koch","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E1","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12441","article-title":"Imaging diagnosis-magnetic resonance imaging of diffuse leptomeningeal oligodendrogliomatosis in a dog with dural tail sign","volume":"59","author":"Lobacz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E49","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12401","article-title":"Imaging diagnosis-magnetic resonance imaging features of a multifocal oligodendroglioma in the spinal cord and brain of a dog","volume":"58","author":"Schkeeper","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2005.00067.x","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging features of cervical spinal cord meningiomas","volume":"46","author":"McDonnell","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2008.0106.x","article-title":"Canine intraspinal meningiomas: imaging features, histopathologic classification, and long-term outcome in 34 dogs","volume":"22","author":"Petersen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e3769","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0003769","article-title":"C-Myc is required for maintenance of glioma cancer stem cells","volume":"3","author":"Wang","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-020-03528-2","article-title":"The prognostic significance of CDKN2A homozygous deletion in IDH-mutant lower-grade glioma and glioblastoma: a systematic review of the contemporary literature","volume":"148","author":"Lu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Neuro-Oncol"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"1312","article-title":"Diffuse meningeal oligodendrogliomatosis characterized by spinal intra-parenchymal nodules on magnetic resonance imaging in a dog","volume":"61","author":"Giron","year":"2020","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1177\/10406387231166132","article-title":"Unique cytologic and imaging features of a lumbosacral oligodendroglioma in a cat","volume":"35","author":"Korff","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Vet Diagn Invest"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2016.03.018","article-title":"Diffusion tensor imaging of white and grey matter within the spinal cord of normal beagle dogs: sub-regional differences of the various diffusion parameters","volume":"215","author":"Yoon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12340","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging findings in the spine of six dogs diagnosed with lymphoma","volume":"57","author":"Allett","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Veterinary Science"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fvets.2024.1400139\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]],"date-time":"2024-05-22T11:49:51Z","timestamp":1716378591000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fvets.2024.1400139\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]]},"references-count":24,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fvets.2024.1400139"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fvets.2024.1400139","relation":{},"ISSN":["2297-1769"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2297-1769","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]]},"article-number":"1400139"}}