{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T20:47:20Z","timestamp":1793134040405,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,17]],"date-time":"2024-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718582400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>High temperatures have detrimental effects on the performance and physiology of broiler chickens. Medicinal plants have various biological activities and may enhance the heat resistance of chickens during heat waves. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the potential roles of using specific local medicinal plants to alleviate the negative impacts of heat stress (HS) in broilers. In this study, 180\u2009day-old chicks were used to investigate the effects of HS and dietary indigenous medicinal plants on growth performance, antioxidant biomarkers, and intestinal health. The chicks were assigned to six groups (18 pens with 10 chicks per pen) with three replicates each. In the first group, the chicks were kept under thermoneutral conditions (CON) and fed a basal diet. The other five groups were exposed to recurrent heat stress and fed a basal diet (T1, HS group) or supplemented with Artemisia Sieberi (1.25\u2009g\/kg of feed; T2), Achillea Fragrantissima (15\u2009g\/kg of feed; T3), <jats:italic>Olea europaea<\/jats:italic> (10\u2009g\/kg of feed; T4), and all the previous additives (all-in-one) combined at the same dose levels mentioned above (T5). At 21\u2009days of age, the chicks from each group were exposed to two phases of heat stress: phase 1 from days 21 to 34 (34\u2009\u00b1\u20091\u00b0C) followed by phase 2 from days 35 to 39 (37\u2009\u00b1\u20091\u00b0C). The results indicate that HS significantly increased rectal temperature and respiration rate in broiler chickens. Feed intake and body weight gain were improved in all supplemented groups, while the feed conversion ratio was decreased in response to the dietary inclusion of medicinal plants. Additionally, glutathione peroxidase and immunoglobulin G levels were increased in the T3, T4, and T5 groups compared to the other groups. HS induced significant upregulated in the mRNA levels of heat shock protein 70 and interleukin-8, while the mRNA of occludin was decreased. The T3, T4, and T5 showed significantly decreased expression of hepatic HSP70 and ileum IL-8 genes and increased ileum mRNA occludin levels relative to the CON and T1 groups. In conclusion, supplementation with these plants enhances growth performance and maintains intestinal health sustaining the productivity of broiler chickens under HS conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2024.1410580","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,17]],"date-time":"2024-06-17T04:55:33Z","timestamp":1718600133000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The effects of Artemisia Sieberi, Achillea Fragrantissima, and Olea Europaea leaves on the performance and physiological parameters in heat-stressed broiler chickens"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Zeinab M. H.","family":"Mahasneh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohannad","family":"Abuajamieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anas","family":"Abdelqader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohmmad","family":"Al-Qaisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed A.","family":"Abedal-Majed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hosam","family":"Al-Tamimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hana","family":"Zakaria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdur-Rahman A.","family":"Al-Fataftah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.29261\/pakvetj\/2022.083","article-title":"Comparative transcriptomic analysis of spermatozoa from Xiangxi and Simmental bulls under heat stress: implications for fertility prediction","volume":"43","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pak Vet J"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.3390\/atmos14101581","article-title":"Can climate change increase the spread of animal diseases? Evidence from 278 villages in China","volume":"14","author":"Chang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Atmos"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.29261\/pakvetj\/2023.026","article-title":"Immunomodulatory effects of Artemisia brevifolia extract against experimentally induced coccidiosis in broiler chicken","volume":"43","author":"Hussain","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pak Vet J"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134399","article-title":"Herbs as thermoregulatory agents in poultry: an overview","volume":"703","author":"Abd El-Hack","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.29261\/pakvetj\/2023.002","article-title":"Heat stress negatively influences mammary blood flow, mammary uptake of amino acids and milk amino acids profile of lactating Holstein dairy cows","volume":"43","author":"Yue","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pak Vet J"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135996","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.135996","article-title":"Potential use of chromium to combat thermal stress in animals: a review","volume":"707","author":"Bin-Jumah","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtherbio.2018.12.013","article-title":"Stress biomarkers and proteomics alteration to thermal stress in ruminants: a review","volume":"79","author":"Abdelnour","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Therm Biol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3312","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13213312","article-title":"Effect of environmental and farm-associated factors on live performance parameters of broilers raised under commercial tropical conditions","volume":"13","author":"Quintana-Ospina","year":"2023","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103348","article-title":"Olive oil and its derivatives for promoting performance, health, and struggling thermal stress effects on broilers","volume":"103","author":"Mahasneh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Poult Sci"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"77","article-title":"Optimizing poultry production through advanced monitoring and control systems","volume":"1","author":"George","year":"2023","journal-title":"Partners Universal Inter Innov J"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.47278\/journal.abr\/2023.015","article-title":"Impact of dietary cation-anion difference on rumen fermentation, digestibility, and blood parameters in Zandi lambs under heat stress","volume":"12","author":"Khani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Agrobiol Rec"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103048","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103048","article-title":"Influence of different heat stress models on nutrient digestibility and markers of stress, inflammation, lipid, and protein metabolism in broilers","volume":"102","author":"Teyssier","year":"2023","journal-title":"Poult Sci"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20179","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-47356-6","article-title":"Assessing different oil sources efficacy in reducing environmental heat-stress effects via improving performance, digestive enzymes, antioxidant status, and meat quality","volume":"13","author":"Elbaz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.21608\/IFJSIS.2023.220540.1031","article-title":"The impact of heat stress on the gastrointestinal tract integrity of poultry","volume":"2","author":"Elnesr","year":"2023","journal-title":"Labyrinth: Fayoum J Sci and Interd Stud"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.13455","article-title":"The role of polyphenols in poultry nutrition","volume":"104","author":"Abdel-Moneim","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12071407","article-title":"Ramifications of heat stress on rabbit production and role of nutraceuticals in alleviating its negative impacts: an updated review","volume":"12","author":"Ebeid","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.29261\/pakvetj\/2022.091","article-title":"In vitro anthelmintic efficacy of Haloxylon salicornicum leaves extract using adult Heamonchus contortus worms","volume":"4","author":"Al-Saeed","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pak Vet J"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.29261\/pakvetj\/2023.024","article-title":"Potency of desert rose (Adenium obesum (Forssk.) Roem. & Schult.) flower extract against artificially induced furunculosis in oranda goldfish (Carassius auratus auratus)","volume":"43","author":"Prakoso","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pak Vet J"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.47278\/journal.abr\/2022.021","article-title":"Supplementation of herbal seeds to improve the growth performance and digestion in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix Japonica)","volume":"10","author":"Farooq","year":"2022","journal-title":"Agrobiol Rec."},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.47278\/journal.ijab\/2023.044","article-title":"Utilisation of herbal bullets against Newcastle disease in poultry sector of Asia and Africa (2012\u20132022)","volume":"12","author":"Akhtar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Agric Sci"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e17081","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e17081","article-title":"Medicinal plants of Jordan: scoping review","volume":"9","author":"Fino","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2023.1255520","article-title":"Alleviating heat stress effects in poultry: updates on methods and mechanisms of actions","volume":"10","author":"Onagbesan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci."},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"5","article-title":"Recent trends in the utilization of medicinal plants as growth promoters in poultry nutrition-a review","volume":"4","author":"Oluwafemi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Agric Veterinary Sci"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1111\/asj.12766","article-title":"Effects of enzymatically treated Artemisia annua L. on growth performance and some blood parameters of broilers exposed to heat stress","volume":"88","author":"Wan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anim Sci J"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtherbio.2017.07.015","article-title":"Dietary supplementation of enzymatically treated Artemisia annua could alleviate the intestinal inflammatory response in heat-stressed broilers","volume":"69","author":"Song","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Therm Biol"},{"key":"ref26","first-page":"1601","article-title":"Achillea Fragrantissima: pharmacology review","volume":"4","author":"Patocka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Oncol"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.21608\/sinjas.2022.138603.1102","article-title":"Impact of dietary thyme (Thymus vulgaris l.) and Achillea fragrantissima on growth performance of growing quail birds","volume":"11","author":"Eidrisha","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sinai J Applied Sci"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2079","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201200795","article-title":"Human absorption and metabolism of oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol ingested as olive (olea europaea l.) leaf extract","volume":"57","author":"de Bock","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol Nutr Food Res"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"657","article-title":"Effects of olive leaf extract (olea europea l.) on growth performance, blood metabolites and antioxidant activities in broiler chickens under heat stress","volume":"29","author":"Agah","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Anim Plant Sci"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2016.08.017","article-title":"Antioxidant capacities of artemisia annua l. leaves and enzymatically treated artemisia annua L. in vitro and in broilers","volume":"221","author":"Wan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anim Feed Sci Technol"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"689653","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.689653","article-title":"Microbial composition in the duodenum and ileum of yellow broilers with high and low feed efficiency","volume":"12","author":"Lv","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100908","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.12.011","article-title":"Supplementation of postbiotic ri11 improves antioxidant enzyme activity, upregulated gut barrier genes, and reduced cytokine, acute phase protein, and heat shock protein 70 gene expression levels in heat-stressed broilers","volume":"100","author":"Humam","year":"2021","journal-title":"Poult Sci"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1999.4085","article-title":"Development and validation of real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction for monitoring gene expression in cardiac myocytes in vitro","volume":"270","author":"Winer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"ref34","first-page":"23","article-title":"Effect of supplementation of broiler diets with guava leaves and\/or olive oil on growth, meat composition, blood metabolites and immune response","volume":"25","author":"Mahmoud","year":"2013","journal-title":"Benha Vet Med J"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1590\/1806-9061-2018-0772","article-title":"Artemisia Annua as phytogenic feed additive in the diet of broilers (14-35 days) reared under heat stress (32 \u00b0c)","volume":"20","author":"Saracila","year":"2018","journal-title":"Braz J Poultry Sci"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1382535","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2024.1382535","article-title":"Effect of a microencapsulated phyto\/phycogenic blend supplementation on growth performance, processing parameters, meat quality, and sensory profile in male broilers","volume":"11","author":"Mullenix","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci."},{"key":"ref37","first-page":"125","article-title":"The effects of turmeric, cinnamon, ginger and garlic powder nutrition on antioxidant enzymes\u2019 status and hormones involved in energy metabolism of broilers during heat stress","volume":"8","author":"Sadeghi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Iran J Appl Anim Sci"},{"key":"ref38","first-page":"554","article-title":"Effect of feeding diets supplemented with artemisia absinthium leaf powder with or without enzyme treatment on the different carcass, physico-chemical, sensory attributes and oxidative stability of broiler chicken meat","volume":"11","author":"Nissa","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Pharm Innov"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1896","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13121896","article-title":"Pequi oil (caryocar brasiliense camb.) attenuates the adverse effects of cyclical heat stress and modulates the oxidative stress-related genes in broiler chickens","volume":"13","author":"Cruvinel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12091723","article-title":"Effects of dietary supplementation of a resin-purified aqueous-isopropanol olive leaf extract on meat and liver antioxidant parameters in broilers","volume":"12","author":"Vasilopoulou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102859","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtherbio.2021.102859","article-title":"Potential role of specific micrornas in the regulation of thermal stress response in livestock","volume":"96","author":"Raza","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Therm Biol"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.55730\/1300-0128.4281","article-title":"Rectal temperature and respiration rate as indicators of heat stress in broiler chickens subjected to early-age thermal conditioning and vitamin C supplementation","volume":"47","author":"Ruzic","year":"2023","journal-title":"Turk J Vet Anim Sci"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.3390\/agriculture8060086","article-title":"The efficacy of high-protein tropical forages as alternative protein sources for chickens: a review","volume":"8","author":"Abdelnour","year":"2018","journal-title":"Agriculture"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.3382\/japr.2013-00742","article-title":"Intestinal microbiota and metabolites-implications for broiler chicken health and performance","volume":"22","author":"Rinttil\u00e4","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Appl Poult Res"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1080\/1828051X.2021.2006807","article-title":"Effects of dietary thyme essential oil on blood haematobiochemical, redox status, immunological and reproductive variables of rabbit does exposed to high environmental temperature","volume":"21","author":"Abdelnour","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ital J Anim Sci"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3953","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-023-03953-0","article-title":"Dietary supplementation of microalgae and\/or nanominerals mitigate the negative effects of heat stress in growing rabbits","volume":"23","author":"Bashar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bioll Trace Elem Res"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103218","article-title":"Protective impacts of mitochondria enhancers against thermal stress in poultry","volume":"103","author":"Algothmi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Poult Sci"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2016.08.014","article-title":"How heat stress (continuous or cyclical) interferes with nutrient digestibility, energy and nitrogen balances and performance in broilers","volume":"192","author":"de Souza","year":"2016","journal-title":"Livest Sci"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox8090336","article-title":"Growth performance and characterization of meat quality of broiler chickens supplemented with betaine and antioxidants under cyclic heat stress","volume":"8","author":"Shakeri","year":"2019","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4767","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pez192","article-title":"Dietary mannan oligosaccharide ameliorates cyclic heat stress-induced damages on intestinal oxidative status and barrier integrity of broilers","volume":"98","author":"Cheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Poult Sci"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.36380\/jwpr.2021.22","article-title":"Effect of in-Ovo injection of herbal extracts on post-hatch performance, immunological, and physiological responses of broiler chickens","volume":"11","author":"El-Kholy","year":"2021","journal-title":"J World\u2019s Poult Res"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtherbio.2021.103169","article-title":"Mitigating the detrimental effects of heat stress in poultry through thermal conditioning and nutritional manipulation","volume":"103","author":"Madkour","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Therm Biol"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.3382\/japr\/pfx005","article-title":"Physiological responses and performance of broiler chickens offered olive leaf extract under a hot humid tropical climate","volume":"26","author":"Oke","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Appl Poult Res"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/s00484-014-0829-1","article-title":"Effects of heat stress on the gene expression of nutrient transporters in the jejunum of broiler chickens (Gallus Gallus Domesticus)","volume":"59","author":"Sun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Biometeorol"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/80.7.958","article-title":"Evaporative cooling of ventral regions of the skin in heat-stressed laying hens","volume":"80","author":"Wolfenson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Poult Sci"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2931","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2012-02255","article-title":"Effects of constant and cyclic heat stress on muscle metabolism and meat quality of broiler breast fillet and thigh meat","volume":"91","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Poult Sci"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"934021","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.934021","article-title":"Artemisia annua L. aqueous extract promotes intestine immunity and antioxidant function in broilers","volume":"9","author":"Guo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2478\/ats-2024-0001","article-title":"Dietary olive-garlic extract oil supplementation: influence on performance and haematological indices of broilers","volume":"57","author":"Williams","year":"2024","journal-title":"Agric Trop Subtrop"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103791","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtherbio.2024.103791","article-title":"Growth performance, blood biochemistry, and mrna expression of hepatic heat shock proteins of heat-stressed broilers in response to rosemary and oregano extracts","volume":"119","author":"Madkour","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Therm Biol"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-017-2424-3","article-title":"Effects of dietary l-tryptophan supplementation on intestinal response to chronic unpredictable stress in broilers","volume":"49","author":"Yue","year":"2017","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e24973","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e24973","article-title":"Effect of herbal extracts in animal nutrition as feed additives","volume":"10","author":"Alem","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1017\/S004393391300010X","article-title":"Molecular targets of dietary phytochemicals for the alleviation of heat stress in poultry","volume":"69","author":"Sahin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Worlds Poult Sci J"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.3109\/08830185.2012.755176","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species in the immune system","volume":"32","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int Rev Immunol"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-023-03921-0","article-title":"Evaluation of phytochemicals and antioxidant potential of a new polyherbal formulation Tc-16: additive, synergistic or antagonistic?","volume":"23","author":"Yap","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Complem Med Therap"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.07.008","article-title":"Inflammation and the intestinal barrier: leukocyte\u2013epithelial cell interactions, cell junction remodeling, and mucosal repair","volume":"151","author":"Luissint","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"G204","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00401.2005","article-title":"Physiologically relevant increase in temperature causes an increase in intestinal epithelial tight junction permeability","volume":"290","author":"Dokladny","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0138975","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0138975","article-title":"Differences in susceptibility to heat stress along the chicken intestine and the protective effects of galacto-oligosaccharides","volume":"10","author":"Varasteh","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci10010055","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory and antioxidative phytogenic substances against secret killers in poultry: current status and prospects","volume":"10","author":"Basiouni","year":"2023","journal-title":"Vet Sci"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4444","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/sky270","article-title":"Effects of fermented chinese herbal medicines on milk performance and immune function in late-lactation cows under heat stress conditions","volume":"96","author":"Shan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2013.08.001","article-title":"Cello-oligosaccharide ameliorates heat stress-induced impairment of intestinal microflora, morphology and barrier integrity in broilers","volume":"185","author":"Song","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anim Feed Sci Technol"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtherbio.2013.11.001","article-title":"Thermal acclimation of broiler birds by intermittent heat exposure","volume":"39","author":"Abdelqader","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Therm Biol"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1080\/00071668.2018.1483577","article-title":"Effect of herbal feed additives on performance parameters, intestinal microbiota, intestinal morphology and meat lipid oxidation of broiler chickens","volume":"59","author":"Giannenas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bri Poult Sci"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/3461768","article-title":"Effect of probiotics and herbal products on intestinal histomorphological and immunological development in piglets","volume":"2020","author":"G\u0101li\u0146a","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vet Med Inter"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1080\/00439339.2022.2043133","article-title":"The role of early feeding in improving performance and health of poultry: herbs and their derivatives","volume":"78","author":"Arain","year":"2022","journal-title":"World\u2019s Poult Sci J"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Veterinary Science"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fvets.2024.1410580\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,17]],"date-time":"2024-06-17T04:55:42Z","timestamp":1718600142000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fvets.2024.1410580\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,17]]},"references-count":74,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fvets.2024.1410580"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fvets.2024.1410580","relation":{},"ISSN":["2297-1769"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2297-1769","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,17]]},"article-number":"1410580"}}