{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T17:46:28Z","timestamp":1793123188501,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,15]],"date-time":"2024-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731628800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of brucellosis control and reproductive performance using one or two doses of RB51 strain vaccine.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This experiment was conducted at two commercial beef farms (A, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009477; and B, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009673), which were selected due to their records of endemic brucellosis and a prevalence of 6 to 8% of seropositive cows. An initial serology screening (Day 0) was carried out in all cows using the Rose Bengal test (RB), and presumptive positive results were re-evaluated using a slow agglutination test with 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME). Seropositive cows (64, 5.6%) were culled. Non-reactive cows were then randomly assigned into three experimental groups: G1, a single vaccination with RB51; G2, two doses of RB51 given 6 months apart; and G3 (control group), no vaccination. Serological tests were carried out on Days 90, 180, 270, and 360. In each evaluation, seropositive cows were removed. The variables related to occurrence of new infections and abortion, as well as those related to subsequent reproductive performance, were analyzed using the SAS software.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results and discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seropositive cows were still detected in both vaccinated and control groups at 90 days. However, no new infections were detected in G1 at 180 days or in G1 and G2 at 270 and 360 days, whereas new seropositive cows were diagnosed in all exams in G3 (control). Therefore, the cumulative number of new infections was lower in vaccinated than in control cows (0.2% and 0.0%, vs. 3.2% for groups G1, G2, and G3 respectively; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0002). In farm A the number of days open was greater in the control than in vaccinated groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05), and in farm B the pregnancy rate was lower in the control than in the group vaccinated once (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). In summary, vaccination with RB51 in beef cows reduces the occurrence of new cases of brucellosis and improves the reproductive performance. There is no indication that a second immunization, six months after the first, enhances protection or reproductive efficiency.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2024.1440599","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,15]],"date-time":"2024-11-15T14:05:06Z","timestamp":1731679506000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Effectiveness of the RB51 vaccine in controlling brucellosis in adult beef cows"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Carlos Ant\u00f4nio de Carvalho","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gustavo Henrique Souza","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica Ruiz","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniele Cristina","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucas Souza","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Henrique Moreira","family":"Viana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Drumond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.3325\/cmj.2010.51.296","article-title":"Diagnosis of brucellosis in livestock and wildlife","volume":"51","author":"Godfroid","year":"2010","journal-title":"Croat Med J"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-010-9748-2","article-title":"Seroprevalence of brucellosis and its contribution to abortion in cattle, camel, and goat kept under pastoral management in Borana, Ethiopia","volume":"43","author":"Megersa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trop Anim Health Prod"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268811001178","article-title":"Seroepidemiological study of livestock brucellosis in a pastoral region","volume":"140","author":"Megersa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.12018","article-title":"Bovine brucellosis in Argentina and bordering countries: update","volume":"61","author":"Aznar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transbound Emerg Dis"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0229741","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0229741","article-title":"The seroprevalence of brucellosis and molecular characterization of Brucella species circulating in the beef cattle herds in Albania","volume":"15","author":"Fero","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-021-03036-z","article-title":"Incidence of Brucella infection in various livestock species raised under the pastoral production system in Isiolo County, Kenya","volume":"17","author":"Njeru","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Vet Res"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2021.105567","article-title":"Evaluation of diagnostic tests' sensitivity, specificity and predictive values in bovine carcasses showing brucellosis suggestive lesions, condemned by Brazilian Federal Meat Inspection Service in the Amazon region of Brazil","volume":"200","author":"Rodrigues dos Santos Souza","year":"2022","journal-title":"Prev Vet Med"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1231","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.14495","article-title":"Brucellosis in Ethiopia: a comprehensive review of literature from the year 2000-2020 and the way forward","volume":"69","author":"Sibhat","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transbound Emerg Dis"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0b013e3283638104","article-title":"Brucellosis in low-income and middle-income countries","volume":"26","author":"Rubach","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Opin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-017-1361-1","article-title":"Safety of vaccination against brucellosis with the rough strain in pregnant cattle","volume":"49","author":"Barbosa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trop Anim Health Prod"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/s0378-1135(02)00255-9","article-title":"Brucellosis vaccines: past, present and future","volume":"90","author":"Schurig","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/s0378-1135(02)00240-7","article-title":"The Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) brucellosis eradication program in the United States","volume":"90","author":"Ragan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"key":"ref13","first-page":"473","article-title":"Bovine brucellosis control and eradication programme in Chile: vaccine use as a tool within the programme","volume":"119","author":"Lopetegui","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dev Biol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2009.04.002","article-title":"Eradication of bovine brucellosis in the Azores, Portugal-outcome of a 5-year programme (2002\u20132007) based on test-and-slaughter and RB51 vaccination","volume":"90","author":"Martins","year":"2009","journal-title":"Prev Vet Med"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2010.08.003","article-title":"Mass vaccination as a complementary tool in the control of a severe outbreak of bovine brucellosis due to Brucella abortus in Extremadura, Spain","volume":"97","author":"Sanz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Prev Vet Med"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2018.10.002","article-title":"Animal brucellosis control or eradication programs worldwide: a systematic review of experiences and lessons learned","volume":"160","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prev Vet Med"},{"key":"ref17","year":""},{"key":"ref18","year":""},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106079","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2023.106079","article-title":"Accuracy of serological tests for bovine brucellosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"222","author":"Andrade","year":"2024","journal-title":"Prev Vet Med"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/s0167-5877(96)01103-8","article-title":"Economic evaluation of bovine brucellosis and tuberculosis eradication programmes in a mountain area of Spain","volume":"30","author":"Bernu\u00e9s","year":"1997","journal-title":"Prev Vet Med"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Veterinary Science"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fvets.2024.1440599\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,15]],"date-time":"2024-11-15T14:05:08Z","timestamp":1731679508000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fvets.2024.1440599\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,15]]},"references-count":20,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fvets.2024.1440599"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fvets.2024.1440599","relation":{},"ISSN":["2297-1769"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2297-1769","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,15]]},"article-number":"1440599"}}