{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T05:49:02Z","timestamp":1782452942365,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,11]],"date-time":"2024-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>The effects of resveratrol (RES) and \u03b2-hydroxy-\u03b2-methylbutyric acid (HMB) on phenotype, immunity, digestive enzyme activity and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) contents in ileum of Tibetan sheep were investigated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 120 two-month-old Tibetan sheep (15.5\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.14\u202fkg) were randomly allocated to 4 treatments: control group (basal diet), RES group (basal diet +1.5\u202fg RES\/d), HMB group (basal diet +1.25\u202fg HMB\/d), RES-HMB group (basal diet +1.5\u202fg RES\/d\u202f+\u202f1.25\u202fg HMB\/d).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Results indicated that dietary RES and (or) HMB supplementation significantly improved the phenotype (mucosal thickness and villus width), SCFAs concentrations, and digestive enzymes (lipase, cellulase, and <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>-amylase) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.05). The relative abundance of <jats:italic>Brevibacillus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Clostridium sensu stricto 3<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Eubacterium hallii group<\/jats:italic> were increased, while the abundance of <jats:italic>Ruminococcus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Mogibacterium<\/jats:italic> were decreased (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.05) in the RES-HMB group. The metabolic profiling indicated an increase in the differential metabolites (DMs) including L-arginine, butanoic acid, D-mannose, and retinol were increased in the RES-HMB group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In summary, our results suggested that RES and (or) HMB supplementation improved SCFAs concentration by up-regulating the microbial community abundance (<jats:italic>Brevibacillus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Clostridium sensu stricto 3<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Eubacterium hallii group<\/jats:italic>) and metabolism (L-arginine, butanoic acid, D-mannose, and retinol), thus contributing to ileal morphology and digestive enzyme activity. These findings may provides a novel reference for the nutritional regulation to improve the production of Tibetan sheep.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2024.1470992","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,11]],"date-time":"2024-12-11T07:08:26Z","timestamp":1733900906000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Resveratrol and \u03b2-hydroxy-\u03b2-methylbutyric acid supplementation promotes ileal development and digestive function by altering microbial community abundance and metabolites in Tibetan 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