{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T18:54:07Z","timestamp":1793040847283,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":145,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]],"date-time":"2024-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734480000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>D-lactic acidosis is associated with fermentative disturbances and is often marked by elevated levels of D-lactic acid in the blood, ruminal fluid, and synovial fluid in cattle. D-lactic acidosis is linked to various inflammatory manifestations, and although the causative factors have been extensively explored, the exact pathogenesis of the associated inflammation remains elusive. Notably, less attention has been given to D-lactate, a stereoisomer found in the plasma of affected animals, which may lead to D-lactic acidosis. This review aims to highlight the evidence suggesting that D-lactate participates in the modulation of inflammatory processes and explore its potential effects on synoviocytes, polymorphonuclear neutrophils, macrophages, and T-cells. This comprehensive examination of D-lactate\u2019s involvement in the inflammatory response process provides timely insights into the pathophysiological aspects of ruminal acidosis in cattle.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2024.1509399","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]],"date-time":"2024-12-18T01:43:58Z","timestamp":1734486238000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The D-lactate enigma: exploring the inflammatory influence of D-lactate in cattle"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Rafael Agust\u00edn","family":"Burgos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina","family":"Manosalva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pablo","family":"Alarc\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Max","family":"Navarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Quiroga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Mor\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Gallastegui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebasti\u00e1n","family":"Brauchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Daniella","family":"Carretta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"808799","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.808799","article-title":"Role of lactate in inflammatory processes: friend or foe","volume":"12","author":"Manosalva","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/135.7.1619","article-title":"D-lactate in human and ruminant metabolism","volume":"135","author":"Ewaschuk","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2003.058701","article-title":"Lactate metabolism: a new paradigm for the third millennium","volume":"558","author":"Gladden","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-017-3795-6","article-title":"Lactate metabolism: historical context, Prior misinterpretations, and current understanding","volume":"118","author":"Ferguson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20120201","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-7075-9-6","article-title":"D-lactate altered mitochondrial energy production in rat brain and heart but not liver","volume":"9","author":"Ling","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nutr Metab (Lond)"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2014.03.004","article-title":"D-lactic acidosis in neonatal ruminants","volume":"30","author":"Lorenz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1965.tb47466.x","article-title":"D-lactic acidosis of ruminants","volume":"119","author":"Dunlop","year":"1965","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2716","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.s0022-0302(99)75528-1","article-title":"Partial replacement of forage with nonforage Fiber sources in lactating cow diets. I. Performance and health","volume":"82","author":"Pereira","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2019.08.023","article-title":"L-lactic acidosis: pathophysiology, classification, and causes; emphasis on biochemical and metabolic basis","volume":"97","author":"Kamel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.03220807","article-title":"Toxic alcohol ingestions: clinical features, diagnosis, and management","volume":"3","author":"Kraut","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-017-3844-8","article-title":"D-lactic acidosis in humans: systematic literature review","volume":"33","author":"Bianchetti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"114","article-title":"Propylene glycol ingestion causes D-lactic acidosis","volume":"62","author":"Christopher","year":"1990","journal-title":"Lab Investig"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2013.208777","article-title":"D-lactate: a novel contributor to metabolic acidosis and high anion gap in diabetic ketoacidosis","volume":"59","author":"Bo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2010.10.020","article-title":"Closing the anion gap: contribution of D-lactate to diabetic ketoacidosis","volume":"412","author":"Lu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e241102","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-241102","article-title":"D-lactic acidosis presenting as metabolic encephalopathy in a patient with short bowel syndrome","volume":"14","author":"McHale","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1136\/pmj.79.928.110","article-title":"D-lactic acidosis secondary to short bowel syndrome","volume":"79","author":"Zhang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1892\/0891-6640(2004)18<744:dpaeid>2.0.co;2","article-title":"D-lactate production and excretion in diarrheic calves","volume":"18","author":"Ewaschuk","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0442.2004.00600.x","article-title":"D-lactic acidosis in calves as a consequence of experimentally induced ruminal acidosis","volume":"51","author":"Gentile","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/702572","article-title":"Ruminal acidosis in feedlot: from Aetiology to prevention","volume":"2014","author":"Hernandez","year":"2014","journal-title":"ScientificWorldJournal"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238485","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/238485","article-title":"Role of methylglyoxal in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"2014","author":"Angeloni","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1139\/Y10-001","article-title":"Oxidative stress and aging: is methylglyoxal the hidden enemy?","volume":"88","author":"Desai","year":"2010","journal-title":"Can J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2012.11.003","article-title":"Where does plasma methylglyoxal originate from?","volume":"99","author":"Kalapos","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/0098-2997(93)90002-u","article-title":"The glyoxalase system in health and disease","volume":"14","author":"Thornalley","year":"1993","journal-title":"Mol Asp Med"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15010087","article-title":"Understanding the contribution of lactate metabolism in Cancer Progress: a perspective from isomers","volume":"15","author":"Cai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2021.12.008","article-title":"Subacute ruminal acidosis in dairy herds: microbiological and nutritional causes, consequences, and prevention strategies","volume":"10","author":"Elmhadi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anim Nutr"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(97)76026-0","article-title":"Bovine acidosis: implications on laminitis","volume":"80","author":"Nocek","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tet.2022.133087","article-title":"Biosynthesis of D\/L-lactate from methylglyoxal","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Tetrahedron"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E17","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2006-478","article-title":"Ruminal acidosis in beef cattle: the current microbiological and nutritional outlook","volume":"90","author":"Nagaraja","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"964027","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.964027","article-title":"Lactate uptake in the rumen and its contributions to subacute rumen acidosis of goats induced by high-grain diets","volume":"9","author":"He","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2006-601","article-title":"The definition of acidosis in dairy herds predominantly fed on pasture and concentrates","volume":"91","author":"Bramley","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2011.00848.x","article-title":"Metabolic acidosis in neonatal calf diarrhea-clinical findings and theoretical assessment of a simple treatment protocol","volume":"26","author":"Trefz","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1984.00350140181025","article-title":"D-lactic acidosis and other complications of intestinal bypass surgery","volume":"144","author":"Halverson","year":"1984","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/476215","article-title":"D-lactic acidosis: an Underrecognized complication of short bowel syndrome","volume":"2015","author":"Kowlgi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Res Pract"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1842","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/113.9.1842","article-title":"Influence of diet on glucose turnover and rates of gluconeogenesis, oxidation and turnover of D-(\u2212)-lactate in the bovine","volume":"113","author":"Harmon","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/0305-0491(84)90344-4","article-title":"In vitro rates of oxidation and gluconeogenesis from L(+)- and D(\u2212)lactate in bovine tissues","volume":"77","author":"Harmon","year":"1984","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol B"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6638","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-42456-3","article-title":"Lactate dehydrogenase D is a general dehydrogenase for D-2-Hydroxyacids and is associated with D-lactic acidosis","volume":"14","author":"Jin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/s0378-4274(99)00160-5","article-title":"Methylglyoxal in living organisms: chemistry, biochemistry, toxicology and biological implications","volume":"110","author":"Kalapos","year":"1999","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1007\/s00239-009-9274-x","article-title":"Evolutionary history of D-lactate dehydrogenases: a Phylogenomic perspective on functional diversity in the fad binding oxidoreductase\/transferase type 4 family","volume":"69","author":"Cristescu","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Mol Evol"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2148-8-268","article-title":"D-and L-lactate dehydrogenases during invertebrate evolution","volume":"8","author":"Cristescu","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Evol Biol"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e02249-20","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.02249-20","article-title":"Biophysical and biochemical characterization of Tp0037, a D-lactate dehydrogenase, supports an Acetogenic energy conservation pathway in Treponema Pallidum","volume":"11","author":"Deka","year":"2020","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5388","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biochem.8b00557","article-title":"Structural basis of sequential allosteric transitions in tetrameric D-lactate dehydrogenases from three gram-negative Bacteria","volume":"57","author":"Furukawa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0061(19990930)15:13<1377::AID-YEA473>3.0.CO;2-0","article-title":"Signalling between mitochondria and the nucleus regulates the expression of a new D-lactate dehydrogenase activity in yeast","volume":"15","author":"Chelstowska","year":"1999","journal-title":"Yeast"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25026","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.021253","article-title":"Two D-2-Hydroxy-acid dehydrogenases in Arabidopsis Thaliana with catalytic capacities to participate in the last reactions of the methylglyoxal and Beta-oxidation pathways","volume":"284","author":"Engqvist","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2468","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00737a016","article-title":"Membrane D-lactate dehydrogenase from Escherichia Coli. Purification and properties","volume":"12","author":"Futai","year":"1973","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1126\/science.152.3726.1272","article-title":"D(\u2212)-Lactate Dehydrogenase in Lower Fungi","volume":"152","author":"Gleason","year":"1966","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2017.06.022","article-title":"The Vao\/Pcmh Flavoprotein family","volume":"632","author":"Ewing","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20020139","article-title":"D-lactate transport and metabolism in rat liver mitochondria","volume":"365","author":"de Bari","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1016\/s0006-291x(02)00768-4","article-title":"Identification of putative mammalian D-lactate dehydrogenase enzymes","volume":"295","author":"Flick","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5163","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI129057","article-title":"Hyperuricemia and gout caused by missense mutation in D-lactate dehydrogenase","volume":"129","author":"Drabkin","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7199","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.165.12.7199","article-title":"Regulation of Il-6 and Il-8 expression in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts: the dominant role for Nf-kappa B but not C\/Ebp Beta or C-Jun","volume":"165","author":"Georganas","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.119.018762","article-title":"Monocarboxylate transporters (Slc16): function, regulation, and role in health and disease","volume":"72","author":"Felmlee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1611","DOI":"10.1002\/cphy.c130008","article-title":"Monocarboxylic acid transport","volume":"3","author":"Halestrap","year":"2013","journal-title":"Compr Physiol"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3040751","article-title":"The kinetics, substrate and inhibitor specificity of the lactate transporter of Ehrlich-lettre tumour cells studied with the intracellular Ph Indicator Bcecf","volume":"304","author":"Carpenter","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1995.2312","article-title":"Participation of a proton-cotransporter, Mct1, in the intestinal transport of monocarboxylic acids","volume":"214","author":"Tamai","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.69.599","article-title":"Expression of Monocarboxylate transporter 1 (Mct1) in the dog intestine","volume":"69","author":"Shimoyama","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Vet Med Sci"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1002\/cphy.c170014","article-title":"Short-chain fatty acid transporters: role in colonic homeostasis","volume":"8","author":"Sivaprakasam","year":"2017","journal-title":"Compr Physiol"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2004.11.007","article-title":"Expression and distribution of Monocarboxylate transporter 1 (Mct1) in the gastrointestinal tract of calves","volume":"79","author":"Kirat","year":"2005","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2006.033837","article-title":"Monocarboxylate transporter 1 (Mct1) mediates transport of short-chain fatty acids in bovine Caecum","volume":"91","author":"Kirat","year":"2006","journal-title":"Exp Physiol"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2006.12.020","article-title":"Expression, cellular localization, and functional role of Monocarboxylate transporter 4 (Mct4) in the gastrointestinal tract of ruminants","volume":"391","author":"Kirat","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-013-1570-5","article-title":"Expression and cellular localization of Monocarboxylate transporters (Mct2, Mct7, and Mct8) along the cattle gastrointestinal tract","volume":"352","author":"Kirat","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2010-3301","article-title":"Ruminant nutrition symposium: role of fermentation acid absorption in the regulation of ruminal Ph","volume":"89","author":"Aschenbach","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1985.602560x","article-title":"Net portal absorption of lactate and volatile fatty acids in steers experiencing glucose-induced acidosis or fed a 70% concentrate diet ad libitum","volume":"60","author":"Harmon","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/s0300-9629(96)00325-8","article-title":"Absorption and fate of L-and D-lactic acid in ruminants","volume":"118","author":"Moller","year":"1997","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol A Physiol"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1071\/bi9650917","article-title":"The absorption of lactic acid from the Reticulo-rumen of the sheep","volume":"18","author":"Williams","year":"1965","journal-title":"Aust J Biol Sci"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2000.00285.x","article-title":"Characterisation of human Monocarboxylate transporter 4 substantiates its role in lactic acid efflux from skeletal muscle","author":"Manning Fox","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3500219","article-title":"The low-affinity Monocarboxylate transporter Mct4 is adapted to the export of lactate in highly glycolytic cells","volume":"350","author":"Dimmer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mito.2014.05.007","article-title":"Comprehensive review on lactate metabolism in human health","volume":"17","author":"Adeva-Andany","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mitochondrion"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2009.09.001","article-title":"Polysynovitis after Oligofructose overload in dairy cattle","volume":"142","author":"Danscher","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Comp Pathol"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2008-1271","article-title":"Oligofructose overload induces lameness in cattle","volume":"92","author":"Danscher","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2023.06.001","article-title":"Systematic review of the relationship between rumen acidosis and laminitis in cattle","volume":"161","author":"Passos","year":"2023","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00570921","article-title":"Bovine Pododermatitis Aseptica Diffusa (laminitis) Aetiology, pathogenesis, treatment and control","volume":"11","author":"Mgasa","year":"1987","journal-title":"Vet Res Commun"},{"key":"ref72","first-page":"1305","article-title":"Laminitis in lambs injected with lactic acid","volume":"34","author":"Morrow","year":"1973","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1186\/BF03546844","article-title":"Blood serum and synovial fluid in bovine laminitis and arthritis, with particular reference to the protein composition","volume":"21","author":"Andersson","year":"1980","journal-title":"Acta Vet Scand"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-019-1974-x","article-title":"Pro-inflammatory mediators and neutrophils are increased in synovial fluid from heifers with acute ruminal acidosis","volume":"15","author":"Hidalgo","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Vet Res"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5452","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-42007-1","article-title":"Metabolic disturbances in synovial fluid are involved in the onset of synovitis in heifers with acute ruminal acidosis","volume":"9","author":"Alarcon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.3109\/03009749509099292","article-title":"Synovial fluid L-lactic acid in acute arthritis of the adult knee joint","volume":"24","author":"Kortekangas","year":"1995","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.35.4.390","article-title":"Synovial fluid lactic acid measurement in the diagnosis and Management of Septic Arthritis","volume":"35","author":"Riordan","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02204454","article-title":"Synovial fluid lactic acid in acute and chronic pyrophosphate Arthropathy and in osteoarthritis","volume":"7","author":"Gerster","year":"1988","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kel302","article-title":"Synovial fluid metabolites in osteonecrosis","volume":"46","author":"Huffman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.43.5.742","article-title":"Synovial fluid lactate levels in septic and non-septic Arthritides","volume":"43","author":"Gobelet","year":"1984","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2013.10.019","article-title":"Analysis of synovial inflammatory markers to differ infectious from gouty arthritis","volume":"47","author":"Lenski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Biochem"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0132695","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0132695","article-title":"Energy metabolism disorder as a contributing factor of rheumatoid arthritis: a comparative proteomic and Metabolomic study","volume":"10","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2280973","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/2280973","article-title":"Lactic acid regulation: a potential therapeutic option in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"2022","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Immunol Res"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154048","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2022.154048","article-title":"Lactate metabolism in rheumatoid arthritis: pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic intervention with natural compounds","volume":"100","author":"Yi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13762","article-title":"Inhibition of 6-Phosphofructo-2-kinase suppresses fibroblast-like Synoviocytes-mediated synovial inflammation and joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"174","author":"Zou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2021-222021","article-title":"Synovial fibroblasts as potential drug targets in rheumatoid arthritis, where do we stand and where shall we go?","volume":"81","author":"Nemeth","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9518","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.15669","article-title":"The emerging role of fibroblast-like Synoviocytes-mediated synovitis in osteoarthritis: an update","volume":"24","author":"Han","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-020-0413-5","article-title":"Restoring synovial homeostasis in rheumatoid arthritis by targeting fibroblast-like Synoviocytes","volume":"16","author":"Nygaard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01395","article-title":"Regulation of immune responses and chronic inflammation by fibroblast-like Synoviocytes","volume":"10","author":"Yoshitomi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2105","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10112105","article-title":"D-lactate increases cytokine production in bovine fibroblast-like Synoviocytes via Mct1 uptake and the Mapk, Pi3k\/Akt, and Nfkappab pathways","volume":"10","author":"Manosalva","year":"2020","journal-title":"Animals (Basel)"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625347","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2021.625347","article-title":"Metabolic reprogramming and inflammatory response induced by D-lactate in bovine fibroblast-like Synoviocytes depends on Hif-1 activity","volume":"8","author":"Quiroga","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2019.10.004","article-title":"Lactate buildup at the site of chronic inflammation promotes disease by inducing Cd4(+) T cell metabolic rewiring","volume":"30","author":"Pucino","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2019.07.006","article-title":"Monocarboxylate transporters in cancer","volume":"33","author":"Payen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol Metab"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2015.11.009","article-title":"Gc\/Tof-Ms-based Metabolomic profiling in cultured fibroblast-like Synoviocytes from rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"83","author":"Ahn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1743","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01743","article-title":"Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes glucose metabolism as a therapeutic target in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"10","author":"de Oliveira","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1183825","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1183825","article-title":"Differential effect of lactate on synovial fibroblast and macrophage effector functions","volume":"14","author":"Pucino","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2023.166769","article-title":"Regulating mitochondrial metabolism by targeting pyruvate dehydrogenase with Dichloroacetate, a metabolic messenger","volume":"1869","author":"Schoenmann","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta Mol basis Dis"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R132","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2799","article-title":"Dichloroacetate alleviates development of collagen ii-induced arthritis in female dba\/1 mice","volume":"11","author":"Bian","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3257","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-29851-y","article-title":"Bovine tumor necrosis factor-alpha increases Il-6, Il-8, and Pge2 in bovine fibroblast-like Synoviocytes by metabolic reprogramming","volume":"13","author":"Manosalva","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10770","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241310770","article-title":"Intra-articular lactate dehydrogenase a inhibitor Oxamate reduces experimental osteoarthritis and nociception in rats via possible alteration of glycolysis-related protein expression in cartilage tissue","volume":"24","author":"Wen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-018-2789-y","article-title":"Bovine neutrophils in health and disease","volume":"371","author":"Bassel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2021.06.019","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps in cattle health and disease","volume":"139","author":"Xie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-022-00787-0","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps in systemic autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases","volume":"23","author":"Wigerblad","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e22920","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e22920","article-title":"The molecular mechanism of neutrophil extracellular traps and its role in bone and joint disease","volume":"9","author":"Xiang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00975","article-title":"D(\u2212) lactic acid-induced adhesion of bovine neutrophils onto endothelial cells is dependent on neutrophils extracellular traps formation and Cd11b expression","volume":"8","author":"Alarcon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165542","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2019.165542","article-title":"Glycolysis dependent lactate formation in neutrophils: a metabolic link between Nox-dependent and independent Netosis","volume":"1865","author":"Awasthi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta Mol basis Dis"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2019.00709","article-title":"Lactic acid accumulation during exhaustive exercise impairs release of neutrophil extracellular traps in mice","volume":"10","author":"Shi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104728","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2023.104728","article-title":"D-lactate-induced Etosis in cattle Polymorphonuclear leucocytes is dependent on the release of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and the Pi3k\/Akt\/Hif-1 and Gsk-3beta pathways","volume":"145","author":"Quiroga","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dev Comp Immunol"},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104492","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104492","article-title":"D-lactate-triggered extracellular trap formation in cattle Polymorphonuclear leucocytes is glucose metabolism dependent","volume":"135","author":"Quiroga","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dev Comp Immunol"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.13158","article-title":"Established and emerging roles for mitochondria in neutrophils","volume":"314","author":"Peng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2024.02.002","article-title":"Unlocking potential: the role of the Electron transport chain in Immunometabolism","volume":"45","author":"Zotta","year":"2024","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2210","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12182210","article-title":"Role of mitochondria in the regulation of effector functions of granulocytes","volume":"12","author":"Vorobjeva","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2099","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02099","article-title":"Metabolic insight of neutrophils in health and disease","volume":"10","author":"Kumar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1964","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.170.4.1964","article-title":"The mitochondrial network of human neutrophils: role in chemotaxis, phagocytosis, respiratory burst activation, and commitment to apoptosis","volume":"170","author":"Fossati","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cdd.4401320","article-title":"Functional characterization of mitochondria in neutrophils: a role restricted to apoptosis","volume":"11","author":"Maianski","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ"},{"key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110074","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2020.110074","article-title":"Glycolysis and mitochondrial function regulate the radical oxygen species production induced by platelet-activating factor in bovine Polymorphonuclear leukocytes","volume":"226","author":"Quiroga","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vet Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103768","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2020.103768","article-title":"Mitochondria-derived Atp participates in the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps induced by platelet-activating factor through purinergic signaling in cows","volume":"113","author":"Quiroga","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dev Comp Immunol"},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1134\/S0006297920100065","article-title":"Netosis: molecular mechanisms, role in physiology and pathology","volume":"85","author":"Vorobjeva","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biochemistry (Mosc)"},{"key":"ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e21974","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202101161R","article-title":"The role of the Electron transport chain in immunity","volume":"35","author":"Yin","year":"2021","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"ref120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2817","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1414055112","article-title":"Sk3 channel and mitochondrial Ros mediate Nadph oxidase-independent Netosis induced by calcium influx","volume":"112","author":"Douda","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2021.102225","article-title":"Mitochondria in human neutrophils mediate killing of Staphylococcus Aureus","volume":"49","author":"Dunham-Snary","year":"2022","journal-title":"Redox Biol"},{"key":"ref122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e000387","DOI":"10.1136\/lupus-2020-000387","article-title":"Targeting mitochondrial oxidative stress with Mitoq reduces net formation and kidney disease in lupus-prone Mrl-Lpr mice","volume":"7","author":"Fortner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lupus Sci Med"},{"key":"ref123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4027","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps enriched in oxidized mitochondrial DNA are Interferogenic and contribute to lupus-like disease","volume":"22","author":"Lood","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"ref124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-022-02860-4","article-title":"The potential roles of type I interferon activated neutrophils and neutrophil extracellular traps (Nets) in the pathogenesis of primary Sjogren's syndrome","volume":"24","author":"Peng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"ref125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102867","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2023.102867","article-title":"Lactate-upregulated Nadph-dependent Nox4 expression via Hcar1\/Pi3k pathway contributes to Ros-induced osteoarthritis chondrocyte damage","volume":"67","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Redox Biol"},{"key":"ref126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8388","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-65193-9","article-title":"Lactate preconditioning promotes a Hif-1alpha-mediated metabolic shift from Oxphos to glycolysis in Normal human diploid fibroblasts","volume":"10","author":"Kozlov","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2021011010","article-title":"Neutrophil Hif-1alpha stabilization is augmented by mitochondrial Ros produced via the glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle","volume":"139","author":"Willson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1678-1","article-title":"Metabolic regulation of gene expression by histone Lactylation","volume":"574","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11943","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231911943","article-title":"Lactate-Lactylation hands between metabolic reprogramming and immunosuppression","volume":"23","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-022-01637-w","article-title":"Lactylation: a passing fad or the future of posttranslational modification","volume":"45","author":"Xin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Inflammation"},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eabi6696","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abi6696","article-title":"Class I histone deacetylases (Hdac1-3) are histone lysine Delactylases","volume":"8","author":"Moreno-Yruela","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"key":"ref132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4794","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gks066","article-title":"Lactate, a product of glycolytic metabolism, inhibits histone deacetylase activity and promotes changes in gene expression","volume":"40","author":"Latham","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"ref133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-015-0114-x","article-title":"L-and D-lactate enhance DNA repair and modulate the resistance of cervical carcinoma cells to anticancer drugs via histone deacetylase inhibition and Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1 activation","volume":"13","author":"Wagner","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Commun Signal"},{"key":"ref134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eadg2697","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adg2697","article-title":"D-lactate modulates M2 tumor-associated macrophages and remodels immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment for hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"9","author":"Han","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"key":"ref135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"989183","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.989183","article-title":"Toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway activation contributes to a highly efficient inflammatory response in Japanese encephalitis virus-infected mouse microglial cells by proteomics","volume":"13","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"ref136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15579","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-34011-8","article-title":"Melatonin suppresses Tlr9-triggered Proinflammatory cytokine production in macrophages by inhibiting Erk1\/2 and Akt activation","volume":"8","author":"Xu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2200196","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.202200196","article-title":"Dietary D-lactate intake facilitates inflammatory resolution by modulating M1 macrophage polarization","volume":"66","author":"Yan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol Nutr Food Res"},{"key":"ref138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1089\/jir.2015.0086","article-title":"Lactate stimulates Il-4 and Il-13 production in activated hut-78 T lymphocytes through a process that involves Monocarboxylate transporters and protein Hyperacetylation","volume":"36","author":"Wagner","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Interf Cytokine Res"},{"key":"ref139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3904","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2023.09.034","article-title":"Lactate activates the mitochondrial Electron transport chain independently of its metabolism","volume":"83","author":"Cai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"key":"ref140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-024-00994-0","article-title":"Pmf-Seq: a highly scalable screening strategy for linking genetics to mitochondrial bioenergetics","volume":"6","author":"McCoy","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Metab"},{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103583","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2024.103583","article-title":"Remodeling of T-cell mitochondrial metabolism to treat autoimmune diseases","volume":"23","author":"Lin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"ref142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eabm8161","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abm8161","article-title":"Succinate dehydrogenase\/complex ii is critical for metabolic and epigenetic regulation of T cell proliferation and inflammation","volume":"7","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Immunol"},{"key":"ref143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140.15","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.196.Supp.140.15","article-title":"Learning from Cancer: using D-lactate for therapeutic immunosuppression","volume":"196","author":"Beier","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1007\/s00011-020-01391-5","article-title":"Metabolic reprogramming as a key regulator in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"69","author":"Cai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Inflamm Res"},{"key":"ref145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"867260","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.867260","article-title":"The role of M1\/M2 macrophage polarization in rheumatoid arthritis synovitis","volume":"13","author":"Cutolo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Veterinary Science"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fvets.2024.1509399\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]],"date-time":"2024-12-18T01:44:04Z","timestamp":1734486244000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fvets.2024.1509399\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]]},"references-count":145,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fvets.2024.1509399"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fvets.2024.1509399","relation":{},"ISSN":["2297-1769"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2297-1769","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]]},"article-number":"1509399"}}