{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T22:35:04Z","timestamp":1789598104100,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]],"date-time":"2025-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742515200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Fosfomycin (FOS) is a critical antibiotic for treating multi-drug resistant (MDR)\n                    <jats:italic>Enterobacteriaceae<\/jats:italic>\n                    infections, but its effectiveness is jeopardized by the dissemination of plasmids encoding enzymes that modify FOS. Despite the prohibition on its use in animal breeding in China, 100 strains of\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) exhibiting high resistance to FOS (MIC\u2265512\u202fmg\/L) were isolated from samples of waterfowl origin collected in Hainan, Sichuan, and Anhui. These strains commonly carried the\n                    <jats:italic>fos<\/jats:italic>\n                    A\n                    <jats:italic>3<\/jats:italic>\n                    (88\/100, 88.0%). In addition, 21 other antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) were detected in these strains, with high positivity rates for\n                    <jats:italic>tet<\/jats:italic>\n                    A,\n                    <jats:italic>aphA1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>sul2<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>folR<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>qnrS<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CTX-M<\/jats:sub>\n                    . It is noteworthy that there was a significant positive correlation between the\n                    <jats:italic>fos<\/jats:italic>\n                    A3 and\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CTX-M<\/jats:sub>\n                    (OR\u202f=\u202f15.162, 95% CI: 1.875\u2013122.635). The results of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) demonstrated the existence of multiple dispersed clonal clusters. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis identified 45 ST types, with ST48 and ST10 representing the most dominant clones. In the conjugation experiments, 53\n                    <jats:italic>fos<\/jats:italic>\n                    A-like genes positive transconjugants were obtained with measurable conjugation frequency, which strongly demonstrated that these\n                    <jats:italic>fos<\/jats:italic>\n                    A3 may mainly locate on different types of plasmids possessing an efficient transmission ability. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) analysis further showed that the\n                    <jats:italic>fos<\/jats:italic>\n                    A3 was co-localized with the\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CTX-M<\/jats:sub>\n                    on plasmids that showed a high degree of similarity in genetic structure. Of particular interest is the observation that the\n                    <jats:italic>fos<\/jats:italic>\n                    A3 is frequently accompanied by IS\n                    <jats:italic>26<\/jats:italic>\n                    on either side of the gene. This structure may play a pivotal role in the horizontal transfer of the\n                    <jats:italic>fos<\/jats:italic>\n                    A3. The study revealed the alarming prevalence of FOS resistance in\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    of waterfowl origin and delved deeply into the genetic characteristics and transmission mechanisms of the\n                    <jats:italic>fos<\/jats:italic>\n                    A3. The discovery of plasmid-mediated, transmissible FOS resistance in waterfowl\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    poses a threat to \u201cOne Health\u201d. There\u2019s an urgent need for thorough monitoring and control measures against FOS resistance.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2025.1481822","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]],"date-time":"2025-03-21T13:03:26Z","timestamp":1742562206000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["High prevalence of plasmid-mediated Fosfomycin resistance in waterfowl-derived Escherichia coli strains: insights into genetic context and transmission dynamics in China"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Shaqiu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qianlong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhijun","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingshu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renyong","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mafeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dekang","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinxin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xumin","family":"Ou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Di","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anchun","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"dkae067","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkae067","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness 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