{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T15:00:31Z","timestamp":1787238031633,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]],"date-time":"2025-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744761600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Bartonellosis is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by\n Bartonella<\/jats:italic>\n spp. Small mammals are the most important hosts of\n Bartonella<\/jats:italic>\n and play an important role in its long-term maintenance and spread. The multi-organ studies help understand the\n Bartonella<\/jats:italic>\n prevalence of hosts more systematically and comprehensively. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of\n Bartonella<\/jats:italic>\n in small mammals and explore the genetic diversity of the infected strains and the influencing factors from Mile City and Lianghe County, Yunnan Province.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Small mammals were captured in Mile City and Lianghe County of Yunnan Province from July to August 2019. Spleen and kidney tissues were collected and the\n gltA<\/jats:italic>\n gene was amplified to detect and analyze the prevalence of\n Bartonella<\/jats:italic>\n in two regions and two organs.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The prevalence of\n Bartonella<\/jats:italic>\n in small mammals was 14.29% (43\/301). Lianghe County\u2019s risk of infection was 3.79-fold (95%\n CI<\/jats:italic>\n : 1.39\u201313.35) compared to that of Mile City. The risk of infection in\n Rattus tanezumi<\/jats:italic>\n was increased by 90% compared to\n Suncus murinus<\/jats:italic>\n (95%\n CI<\/jats:italic>\n : 0.01\u20130.63). The small mammals with tail lengths &gt; 132\u202fmm infected by\n Bartonella<\/jats:italic>\n were 6.34 folds than that with tail lengths \u2264 132\u202fmm (95%\n CI<\/jats:italic>\n : 1.87\u201323.39). The spleen had a higher infection rate of 12.11% (35\/289) than the kidney at 7.33% (22\/300) (\n \u03c7<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n =\u202f4.966,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n =\u202f0.026). There were no statistically significant differences in the prevalence of\n Bartonella<\/jats:italic>\n among small mammals with different habitats, sex, age, flea infestation status, body weight, body length, hindfoot length, and ear height. Five\n Bartonella<\/jats:italic>\n species were isolated in seven species of small mammals\n . Bartonella tribocorum<\/jats:italic>\n is the dominant species in both regions, and it has a genetic relationship with the zoonotic pathogen\n Bartonella elizabethae<\/jats:italic>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n This study showed the prevalence of\n Bartonella<\/jats:italic>\n in small mammals from Mile City and Lianghe County of Yunnan Province was high, and there were more types of\n Bartonella<\/jats:italic>\n infection species. The spleen was more conducive to the growth and reproduction of\n Bartonella<\/jats:italic>\n . The results of the study will help to prevent and control\n Bartonella<\/jats:italic>\n infection and transmission to humans from small mammals in the two regions and provide a reference basis for further research on\n Bartonella<\/jats:italic>\n infection in Yunnan or other similar regions.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2025.1554633","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]],"date-time":"2025-04-16T01:27:59Z","timestamp":1744766879000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Comparative study on Bartonella infection in spleen and kidney of small mammals from Mile City and Lianghe County, Yunnan Province"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Rong","family":"Fu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia-Xiang","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping-Guo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuang-Ling","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1111\/vde.12413","article-title":"Bartonellosis, 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