{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T21:41:39Z","timestamp":1793396499564,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747699200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>This case report describes clinical and diagnostic features of an idiopathic jejunal intramural hematoma in a dog presenting with non-specific gastrointestinal symptoms. A 2-year-old neutered male French Bulldog was presented with vomiting, abdominal pain, and chronic soft stools persisting for 2 weeks, with no history of trauma or dietary indiscretion. Physical examination revealed abdominal distension and palpable discomfort. The complete blood count (CBC) showed leukocytosis with neutrophilia, accompanied by signs of dehydration. Serum chemistry revealed no significant abnormalities, although mild electrolyte imbalances were observed. The canine pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (cPLI) test was within the reference range and the C-reactive protein (CRP) level was slightly elevated. Ultrasonography revealed a heterogeneous mass in the jejunal region, which was suspected to be a hematoma. An exploratory laparotomy was performed, and the affected jejunal segment was surgically resected. Histopathological examination confirmed the mass as an intramural hematoma. Additionally, coagulation profiles revealed no remarkable findings. The cause of the hematoma was determined to be idiopathic after excluding other possible causes. This case highlights the importance of considering intramural hematomas in the differential diagnosis for dogs presenting with non-specific gastrointestinal symptoms, even in the absence of trauma and coagulation abnormalities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2025.1577989","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T05:55:14Z","timestamp":1747720514000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Case Report: Idiopathic intramural hematoma of the jejunum in a French Bulldog"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Yeon-Jin","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong-Min","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jong-Il","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong-Yeong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chan-Sik","family":"Nam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kwang-Sup","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hee-Myung","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.22233\/9781910443361.20","article-title":"Diseases of the small intestine","volume-title":"BSAVA manual of canine and feline gastroenterology","author":"German","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.14739","article-title":"Chronic diarrhea in dogs\u2013retrospective study in 136 cases","volume":"31","author":"Volkmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2547","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9270(98)00597-8","article-title":"Intraduodenal hematoma complicating intestinal biopsy: case reports and review of the literature","volume":"93","author":"Guzman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E61","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12485","article-title":"Small intestinal intramural hematoma secondary to a migrating wire foreign body in a dog","volume":"59","author":"Padalkar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2009.01648.x","article-title":"Imaging diagnosis\u2014spontaneous intramural canine duodenal hematoma","volume":"51","author":"Heng","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1984.184.02.186","article-title":"Intramural intestinal hematoma causing obstruction in three dogs","volume":"184","author":"Moore","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"913862","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.913862","article-title":"Colonic intramural hematoma in a cat: a case report","volume":"9","author":"Hsu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2022.01.011","article-title":"Fluid and electrolyte therapy during vomiting and diarrhea","volume":"52","author":"Tello","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-5616(03)00098-6","article-title":"Clinical assessment of leukocytosis: distinguishing leukocytoses caused by inflammatory, glucocorticoid, physiologic, and leukemic disorders or conditions","volume":"33","author":"Stockham","year":"2003","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.175.1.2315481","article-title":"Acute hematomas: effects of deoxygenation, hematocrit, and fibrin-clot formation and retraction on T2 shortening","volume":"175","author":"Clark","year":"1990","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1148\/125.1.213","article-title":"Ultrasonic distinction of abscesses from other intra-abdominal fluid collections","volume":"125","author":"Doust","year":"1977","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01464765","article-title":"Ultrasonic diagnosis of abdominal abscess","volume":"21","author":"Doust","year":"1976","journal-title":"Am J Dig Dis"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12053","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000012053","article-title":"Gastrointestinal hemorrhage caused by adult intussusception secondary to small intestinal tumors: two case reports","volume":"97","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.3348\/kjr.2010.11.4.457","article-title":"Cystic lesions of the gastrointestinal tract: multimodality imaging with pathologic correlations","volume":"11","author":"Lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"Korean J Radiol"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.4103\/2303-9027.138783","article-title":"Duplication cysts: diagnosis, management, and the role of endoscopic ultrasound","volume":"3","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endosc Ultrasound"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-43344-8_6","article-title":"Imaging semiology: ultrasound and MRI in the assessment of muscle injury","volume-title":"Muscle injuries in sport athletes: Clinical essentials and imaging findings","author":"Roemer","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.36.7.723","article-title":"Granulomatous inflammation--a review","volume":"36","author":"Williams","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jctube.2017.02.001","article-title":"Histopathologic review of granulomatous inflammation","volume":"7","author":"Shah","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Tuberculosis Other Mycobacterial Dis"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(77)90528-1","article-title":"Intramural hematoma of the gastrointestinal tract","volume":"133","author":"Hughes","year":"1977","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.32.166.484","article-title":"Traumatic intramural haematoma of the proximal jejunal loop","volume":"32","author":"Robarts","year":"1957","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.5326\/0440041","article-title":"Spontaneous reduction of intestinal intussusception in five young dogs","volume":"44","author":"Patsikas","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suc.2016.08.015","article-title":"Lower gastrointestinal bleeding & intussusception","volume":"97","author":"Padilla","year":"2017","journal-title":"Surgical Clin"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8627(05)70264-9","article-title":"Foreign bodies in the gastrointestinal tract","volume":"14","author":"Stack","year":"1996","journal-title":"Emerg Med Clin"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ta.0000178895.27257.4d","article-title":"Isolated jejunal hematoma","volume":"59","author":"Wagner","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105884","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2021.105884","article-title":"Delayed presentation of intramural cecal hematoma with challenges in the treatment. A case report and review of the literature","volume":"82","author":"Alzeerelhouseini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Surg Case Rep"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Veterinary Science"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fvets.2025.1577989\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T05:55:16Z","timestamp":1747720516000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fvets.2025.1577989\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]]},"references-count":25,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fvets.2025.1577989"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fvets.2025.1577989","relation":{},"ISSN":["2297-1769"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2297-1769","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]]},"article-number":"1577989"}}