{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T22:25:36Z","timestamp":1761171936233,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761091200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"\n Introduction<\/jats:title>\n Animal breeding and reproduction techniques has led to an increase in the number of offspring of sows. However, weak piglets and low survival rate of piglets occurs frequently. During pregnancy, the late gestation is the most crucial period for fetal weight gain. Oyster peptides (OPI) are regarded as functional active substances derived from oysters with significant nutritional and medicinal value, exhibiting considerable potential for application. It remains unclear whether oyster peptides can play an important role in the field of sow reproduction. In this study, the objective was to investigate the impact of incorporating OPI into the diets of sows during the late gestation and lactation phases on litter performance, immunological response of sows and the growth and development of piglets.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n 100 sows were selected and were randomly divided into the control group (CON, basic diet) and the experimental group (OPI, supplemented with 2 mg\/kg OPI in feed) with the feeding period from gestation day 90 to day 21 postpartum. First, litter performance, immunological response of sows and growth performance of piglets were analyzed; then, RNA-seq and q-PCR were used to detect the molecular mechanism of OPI.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The results demonstrated that the supplementation of OPI to the diets of sows in late gestation and lactation resulted in a significant increase in the number of healthy piglets and weaning survival rate (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u202f\u2264\u202f0.05); colostrum and placenta samples were collected during parturition, IgA, IgG and IgM in colostrum of sows also increased (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u202f\u2264\u202f0.05); expression levels of glucose transporter genes (\n GLUT4<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n SLC2A1<\/jats:italic>\n ), amino acid transporter genes (\n SNAT1<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n LAT1<\/jats:italic>\n ), and fatty acid transporter genes (\n FABP3<\/jats:italic>\n ) in the placenta were increased (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u202f\u2264\u202f0.05). The levels of pro-inflammatory factors (\n IL-1<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n IL-6<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n IL-8<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n AVPI1<\/jats:italic>\n were significantly decreased in the placenta, whereas the levels of anti-inflammatory factors (\n IL-10<\/jats:italic>\n ), antioxidant genes (\n SOD1<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n SOD2<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n GPX2<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n CAT<\/jats:italic>\n ), and anti-apoptotic genes (\n BCL2<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n BCL2L1<\/jats:italic>\n ) were sign.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2025.1581041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T04:18:05Z","timestamp":1761106685000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of dietary oyster peptide supplement on litter performance, immunological response of sows and growth performance of piglets"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Xiaofeng","family":"Tian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jialu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Congcong","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muyang","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yatian","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zihao","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongguo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhigang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chenyu","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junjie","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3709","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.10410","article-title":"Maternal dietary uridine supplementation reduces diarrhea incidence in piglets by regulating the intestinal mucosal barrier and cytokine profiles","volume":"100","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Sci Food Agric"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"944390","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.944390","article-title":"Research on the mechanism of HRP relieving IPEC-J2 cells immunological stress based on transcriptome sequencing analysis","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139710","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.139710","article-title":"The major roles of intestinal microbiota and TRAF6\/NF-\u03baB signaling pathway in acute intestinal inflammation in mice, and the improvement effect by Hippophae rhamnoides polysaccharide","volume":"296","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.13847","article-title":"An investigation into uterine capacity based on litter and placental characteristics in two sow lines with different prolificacy (Danish Landrace \u00d7 Danish Yorkshire versus German Saddleback)","volume":"56","author":"K\u00f6nig","year":"2021","journal-title":"Reprod Domest Anim"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.7120\/09627286.22.2.199","article-title":"The welfare implications of large litter size in the domestic pig i: biological factors","volume":"22","author":"Rutherford","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anim Welf"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuy006","article-title":"A crucial role for maternal dietary methyl donor intake in epigenetic programming and fetal growth outcomes","volume":"76","author":"McGee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutr Rev"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1858","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14131858","article-title":"Impacts of maternal nutrition on sow performance and potential positive effects on piglet performance","volume":"14","author":"Gormley","year":"2024","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8715412","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8715412","article-title":"Placentae for low birth weight piglets are vulnerable to oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and impaired angiogenesis","volume":"2020","author":"Hu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2020.06.009","article-title":"Yeast-based nucleotide supplementation in mother sows modifies the intestinal barrier function and immune response of neonatal pigs","volume":"7","author":"Gao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anim Nutr"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfutfo.2022.08.002","article-title":"Food-derived bioactive peptides: production, biological activities, opportunities and challenges","volume":"2","author":"Ye","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Future Foods"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1111\/raq.12588","article-title":"A comprehensive review of oyster peptides: preparation, characterisation and bioactivities","volume":"14","author":"Lili","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rev Aquac"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.3058","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of antioxidant peptides from oyster (Crassostrea rivularis) protein enzymatic hydrolysates","volume":"11","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Sci Nutr"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6470","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.3589","article-title":"Oyster-derived dipeptides RI, IR, and VR promote testosterone synthesis by reducing oxidative stress in TM3 cells","volume":"11","author":"Yan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Sci Nutr"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2019.02.033","article-title":"Alcalase-hydrolyzed oyster (Crassostrea rivularis) meat enhances antioxidant and aphrodisiac activities in normal male mice","volume":"120","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Res Int"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2024.107211","article-title":"Study on the antioxidant and antiosteoporotic activities of the oyster peptides prepared by ultrasound-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis","volume":"112","author":"Quan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ultrason Sonochem"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3947","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.1710","article-title":"Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory peptide fraction from oyster soft tissue by enzymatic hydrolysis","volume":"8","author":"Qian","year":"2020","journal-title":"Food Sci Nutr"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.3390\/md17020129","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory activity of \u03b2-thymosin peptide derived from Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) on NO and PGE\u2082 production by down-regulating NF-\u03baB in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophage cells","volume":"17","author":"Hwang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mar Drugs"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.12186","article-title":"Impact of dietary supplementation with N-carbamoyl-aspartic acid on serum metabolites and intestinal microflora of sows","volume":"103","author":"Gao","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Sci Food Agric"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1853","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10101853","article-title":"Effect of parity on reproductive performance and composition of sow colostrum during first 24 h postpartum","volume":"10","author":"Segura","year":"2020","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104064","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2020.104064","article-title":"Soybean bioactive peptides supplementation during late gestation and lactation affect the reproductive performance, free amino acid composition in plasma and milk of sows","volume":"237","author":"Yong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Livest Sci"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4608","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skz297","article-title":"Dietary energy sources during late gestation and lactation of sows: effects on performance, glucolipid metabolism, oxidative status of sows, and their offspring1","volume":"97","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2021.737522","article-title":"Dietary Taraxacum mongolicum polysaccharide ameliorates the growth, immune response, and antioxidant status in association with NF-\u03baB, Nrf2 and TOR in Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian)","volume":"30","author":"Yu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rsma.2025.104240","article-title":"Astaxanthin ameliorates Cr (VI) accumulation, antioxidant, digestive, apoptosis and inflammatory response","volume":"87","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Reg Stud Mar Sci"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2744","DOI":"10.1007\/s43032-021-00699-9","article-title":"Role of placental glucose transporters in determining fetal growth","volume":"29","author":"Joshi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Reprod Sci"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.27122\/d.cnki.ghlnu.2022.000266","article-title":"Effect of active peptide CC34 yeast culture on amino acid transport metabolism, intestinal development and antioxidant capacity in lambs","volume":"66","author":"Ren","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heilongjiang Bayi Agric Univ"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.27409\/d.cnki.gxbnu.2023.000622","article-title":"Effects of dietary apidaecin Api-PR19 on growth performance, intestinal health and microbiota in broilers","volume":"89","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Northwest A&F Univ"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1906","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2019.12.011","article-title":"Microbiome and pathogen interaction with the immune system","volume":"99","author":"Kogut","year":"2020","journal-title":"Poult Sci"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"740637","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2024.740637","article-title":"The major role of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in astaxanthin alleviates immune stress in Channa argus lymphocyte","volume":"584","author":"Niu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioad072","article-title":"Sex differences in innate and adaptive immunity impact fetal, placental, and maternal health\u2020","volume":"109","author":"Baines","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021859605005642","article-title":"Nutritional and immunological importance of colostrum for the new-born pig","volume":"143","author":"Dividich","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Agric Sci"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1007\/s00343-013-2311-z","article-title":"Immune functional impacts of oyster peptide-based enteral nutrition formula (OPENF) on mice: a pilot study","volume":"31","author":"Cai","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chin J Ocean Limnol"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1774","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731111000772","article-title":"Oxidative stress status of highly prolific sows during gestation and lactation","volume":"5","author":"Berchieri-Ronchi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12081490","article-title":"The silent threat to women\u2019s fertility: uncovering the devastating effects of oxidative stress","volume":"12","author":"Kaltsas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4639165","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/4639165","article-title":"RASGRP2 suppresses apoptosis via inhibition of ROS production in vascular endothelial cells","volume":"2019","author":"Sato","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci World J"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6125","DOI":"10.1039\/c7ra13139a","article-title":"Effect and mechanism of oyster hydrolytic peptides on spatial learning and memory in mice","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"RSC Adv"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Veterinary Science"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fvets.2025.1581041\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T04:18:06Z","timestamp":1761106686000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fvets.2025.1581041\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]]},"references-count":35,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fvets.2025.1581041"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fvets.2025.1581041","relation":{},"ISSN":["2297-1769"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2297-1769","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]]},"article-number":"1581041"}}