{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T00:52:42Z","timestamp":1760403162114,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760313600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>A 6-year-old spayed female Goldendoodle was presented as a referral for bradycardia and collapse. An electrocardiogram revealed a high-grade second-degree atrioventricular block (HG2AVB) with atrial flutter. The patient was hospitalized overnight with the intention of pacemaker placement the following morning. Following bolus administration of atropine and lidocaine to rule out high vagal tone, the patient was placed on an atropine continuous rate infusion (CRI) to increase heart rate overnight. This resulted in an acute onset of suspected delirium, which lasted several hours following cessation of the CRI. The patient proceeded with pacemaker placement the following day. No further neurological events were noted at 1\u202fyear after pacemaker placement. Atropine-associated delirium should be considered in any patient where high cumulative doses of atropine are being considered.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2025.1654764","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T14:26:26Z","timestamp":1760365586000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Case Report: Atropine-induced delirium in a dog"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Samantha","family":"Fedotova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heidi B.","family":"Kellihan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lesley","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyle","family":"Bartholomew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2012-303220","article-title":"Vagally mediated atrioventricular block: pathophysiology and diagnosis","volume":"99","author":"Alboni","year":"2013","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.114.303772","article-title":"Role of the autonomic nervous system in atrial fibrillation: pathophysiology and therapy","volume":"114","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2021.12.006","article-title":"Presumptive vagally-mediated atrial flutter in a dog","volume":"39","author":"Romito","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Vet Cardiol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2005.09.004","article-title":"Cardioversion with lidocaine of vagally associated atrial fibrillation in two dogs","volume":"7","author":"Mo\u00efse","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Vet Cardiol"},{"key":"ref5","volume-title":"Possible long-term health effects of short-term exposure to chemical agents: Volume 1 anticholinesterases and anticholinergics","year":"1982"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"151","article-title":"Cholinergic pharmacology: autonomic drugs","volume-title":"Veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics","author":"McMurphy","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.108.2.107","article-title":"Atropine toxicity in the treatment of mental disease","volume":"108","author":"Forrer","year":"1951","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-6997(25)07156-X","article-title":"Behavioral and electroencephalographic effects of atropine and related compounds","volume":"18","author":"Longo","year":"1966","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"key":"ref9","article-title":"Atropine","volume-title":"StatPearls [internet]","author":"McLendon","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.12839","article-title":"Pharmacological management of anticholinergic delirium - 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