{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T08:11:51Z","timestamp":1771920711872,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768348800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Special Projects in Key Fields of Colleges and Universities in Guangdong Province","award":["2023ZDZX4008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023ZDZX4008"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017691","name":"Guangxi Key Research and Development Program","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["AB2506910041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AB2506910041"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021171","name":"Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2024A1515010074"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024A1515010074"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021171","name":"Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2024A1515012674"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024A1515012674"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Program","award":["KJZD20230923115100002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KJZD20230923115100002"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Program","award":["JCYJ20240813111703005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCYJ20240813111703005"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Program","award":["KCXFZ20211020165547010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KCXFZ20211020165547010"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Nocardia seriolae<\/jats:italic>\n                    poses a severe threat to the sustainable development in the aquaculture of a virous freshwater as well as marine fish species. In the present study, the herb No.100 (it has not been made public due to patent protection) and\n                    <jats:italic>B. amyloliquefaciens<\/jats:italic>\n                    MS-2 with obvious inhibitory effects against\n                    <jats:italic>N. seriolae<\/jats:italic>\n                    strain NS-23 were screened from 190 herbal extracts and 5 probiotic strains for developing probiotic fermented herb (PFH) against nocardiosis in largemouth bass (\n                    <jats:italic>Micropterus salmoides<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). An ideal fermentation parameter was established by single-factor optimization as: 4% (w\/v) herbal substrate with 4% (v\/v) probiotic inoculum at pH 7.5 for 18\u202fh for achieving maximum viable cell count. A 49-day feeding trial with supplements was conducted that the fish with PFH administration were significantly enhanced weight gain rates at 310.51\u202f\u00b1\u202f37.44%, with increasing serum enzyme activities and nitric oxide (NO) levels, up-regulated tissue-specific expression of immune-related genes (\n                    <jats:italic>TNF-\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>IL-8<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>IL-10<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>IgM<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>IFN-\u03b3<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>IL-1\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) as well as mounting up gut microbial diversity (especially\n                    <jats:italic>Firmicutes<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Bacteroidetes<\/jats:italic>\n                    species) than that of PBS control, herb or probiotic administration. Furthermore, the challenge study with\n                    <jats:italic>N. seriolae<\/jats:italic>\n                    strain NS-23 was conferred a 77% relative percentage survival (RPS) in the fish with PFH-supplemented diet, and the histopathological analysis confirmed that PFH effectively mitigated multi-organ necrosis and oxidative stress, leading to a complete regression of granulomas in the fish upon artificial challenge. Taken together, this PFH could be served as a safe and effective administrator against fish nocardiosis, offering a sustainable alternative to antibiotics in aquaculture.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2025.1728878","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T14:13:20Z","timestamp":1768486400000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Efficacy of a probiotic fermented herb in the prevention and treatment of fish nocardiosis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Weifu","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University","place":["Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanqi","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University","place":["Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiuxia","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University","place":["Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University","place":["Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuhao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University","place":["Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deyu","family":"Ning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University","place":["Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aixuan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University","place":["Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinxin","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen BGI-Marine Technology Co., Ltd.","place":["Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Science","place":["Nanning, Guangxi, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianlin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University","place":["Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yishan","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University","place":["Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2024","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.14184\/j.cnki.issn1004-843x.2021.03.025","article-title":"Research progress on fish nocardiosis","volume":"3","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Fish 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