{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T06:40:55Z","timestamp":1772692855953,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772668800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4) is the primary pathogen responsible for hydropericardium-hepatitis syndrome (HHS) and is associated with high mortality rates (20\u201380%) in 3\u20136-week-old chickens. This study aimed to develop a rapid and specific method for detecting FAdV-4. Two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs 6B3 and 8G11) against the FAdV-4 penton protein were successfully generated using hybridoma technology, both of which exhibited high titers (1:100,000) and strong serotype specificity. Specificity analysis confirmed that these mAbs recognized 12 FAdV-4 isolates from diverse origins without cross-reactivity to other FAdV serotypes or common avian pathogens. On this basis, a colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay was developed; systematic optimization of its key parameters yielded an optimal labeling pH of 8.3, an antibody labeling concentration of 7.2\u202f\u03bcg\/mL, and optimal coating concentrations for the test line (T-line) and control line (C-line) of 2.5\u202fmg\/mL and 1.5\u202fmg\/mL, respectively. Performance evaluation of the method demonstrated that it achieved a detection sensitivity of 7.81\u202f\u00d7\u202f10\n                    <jats:sup>4<\/jats:sup>\n                    TCID\u2085\u2080\/0.1\u202fmL with a detection time of 15\u202fmin. Clinical sample validation revealed a positive concordance rate of 91.6%, a negative concordance rate of 100%, and an overall concordance rate of 98.6% relative to those of the ELISAs. The proposed colloidal gold immunochromatographic method offers advantages such as ease of operability, rapid visualization and high specificity and serves as a practical technical tool for onsite rapid diagnosis and epidemiological surveillance of FAdV-4 infection, thus it has high potential in the prevention and control of HHS.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2026.1758143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T05:25:56Z","timestamp":1772688356000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Development of a colloidal gold immunochromatographic strip for the rapid detection of fowl adenovirus serotype 4 using prepared penton protein-specific monoclonal antibodies"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Sisi","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Poultry Science and Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University","place":["Nanning, Guangxi, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute","place":["Nanning, Guangxi, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bingyi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute","place":["Nanning, Guangxi, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiaoling","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute","place":["Nanning, Guangxi, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"You","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute","place":["Nanning, Guangxi, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhixun","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute","place":["Nanning, Guangxi, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaofeng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute","place":["Nanning, Guangxi, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aiqiong","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute","place":["Nanning, Guangxi, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhihua","family":"Ruan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute","place":["Nanning, Guangxi, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute","place":["Nanning, Guangxi, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanfang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute","place":["Nanning, Guangxi, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute","place":["Nanning, Guangxi, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liji","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute","place":["Nanning, Guangxi, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute","place":["Nanning, Guangxi, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weiwei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Poultry Science and Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University","place":["Nanning, Guangxi, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Poultry Science and Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University","place":["Nanning, Guangxi, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v11060517","article-title":"Prevalence of fowl adenovirus serotype 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adenoviruses","volume":"173","author":"Tufail","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.003087-0","article-title":"Adenoviruses: update on structure and function","volume":"90","author":"Russell","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-018-1733-4","article-title":"Pathogenicity and molecular characterization of a fowl adenovirus 4 isolated from chicken associated with IBH and HPS in China","volume":"14","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Vet Res"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Veterinary Science"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fvets.2026.1758143\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T05:25:59Z","timestamp":1772688359000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fvets.2026.1758143\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]]},"references-count":33,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fvets.2026.1758143"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fvets.2026.1758143","relation":{},"ISSN":["2297-1769"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2297-1769","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]]},"article-number":"1758143"}}