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Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) was first detected in Spain in ticks collected from red deer in southwestern C\u00e1ceres. Since then, this region, established as endemic, has been the focus of several surveillance studies. However, updated data on viral circulation in this area remain limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective surveillance study to assess the presence and genetic diversity of CCHFV in ticks collected in central and southern C\u00e1ceres over multiple years (2017 and 2020\u20132024). A total of 3,183 ticks, grouped into 1,569 pools, were collected from wild ungulates, livestock, domestic animals and vegetation, and analyzed by two PCR methods. Positive pools were characterized by Sanger sequencing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      CCHFV was exclusively detected in\n                      <jats:italic>Hyalomma lusitanicum<\/jats:italic>\n                      ticks, with an overall infection rate of 1.54% (95% CI: 1.14\u20132.03). Most positive pools originated from wild ungulates, particularly red deer. Genetic analysis revealed the circulation of two CCHFV genotypes, predominantly genotype III.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The detection of CCHFV in ticks collected over multiple years supports the sustained circulation of the virus in southwestern C\u00e1ceres. Our findings also reinforce the key role of\n                      <jats:italic>H. lusitanicum<\/jats:italic>\n                      as the main vector maintaining the virus in wild ungulates and underscore the genetic diversity of circulating strains and the importance of using multiple molecular methods. These results emphasize the need for continuous surveillance in endemic areas to monitor viral circulation and assess animal and public health risks.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2026.1789622","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T04:27:42Z","timestamp":1775017662000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Detection and genetic characterization of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in ticks from western Spain (2017, 2020-2024)"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Patricia","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Mora","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Nacional de Microbiolog\u00eda, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, CNM-ISCIII","place":["Madrid, Spain"]},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC)","place":["Madrid, Spain"]},{"name":"Escuela de Doctorado, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid","place":["Madrid, Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel A.","family":"Habela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria de C\u00e1ceres, Universidad de Extremadura","place":["C\u00e1ceres, Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"del Peso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Nacional de Microbiolog\u00eda, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, CNM-ISCIII","place":["Madrid, Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Candela","family":"Grande \u00c1vila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria de C\u00e1ceres, Universidad de Extremadura","place":["C\u00e1ceres, Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Mar\u00eda","family":"Garc\u00eda L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria de C\u00e1ceres, Universidad de Extremadura","place":["C\u00e1ceres, Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Mata Garc\u00eda Soldado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Nacional de Microbiolog\u00eda, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, CNM-ISCIII","place":["Madrid, Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda M.","family":"Tapia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Nacional de Microbiolog\u00eda, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, CNM-ISCIII","place":["Madrid, Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisca","family":"Molero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Nacional de Microbiolog\u00eda, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, CNM-ISCIII","place":["Madrid, Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Herrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Nacional de Microbiolog\u00eda, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, CNM-ISCIII","place":["Madrid, Spain"]},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC)","place":["Madrid, Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. 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