{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T04:47:13Z","timestamp":1776919633873,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776902400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR), a highly contagious disease of domestic and wild small ruminants, is characterized by severe morbidity and mortality. PPRV, the causative agent, is a\n                    <jats:italic>morbillivirus<\/jats:italic>\n                    in the family\n                    <jats:italic>Paramyxoviridae<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The virus poses a significant barrier to sustainable agricultural development in the developing world. Currently, no effective therapeutics agent for PPRV infection is available. Ginsenoside Rh1, a protopanaxadiol ginsenoside, the major pharmacological ingredient in the plants of ginseng, was reported to inhibit the replication of a broad range of human viruses. However, it is unclear whether Ginsenoside Rh1 can act as an antiviral against PPRV infection. Here, we demonstrate that Ginsenoside Rh1 exhibits significant antiviral activity against PPRV in cell culture models. The mechanism of action of Ginsenoside Rh1 against PPRV is mainly attributed to its ability to block PPRV mediated autophagy, thus leading to stimulation of interferon responses and inhibition of inflammatory responses. In summary, our study establishes Ginsenoside Rh1 as a novel antiviral agent effective against PPRV and potentially other related morbilliviruses, sheds light on its mode of action, and reveals a novel autophagy-dependent dual immunomodulatory strategy that may prove essential for combating both current and future viral outbreaks.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2026.1799680","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T04:22:33Z","timestamp":1776918153000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ginsenoside Rh1 suppresses Peste des petits ruminants virus replication by inhibiting autophagy to promote interferon responses and restrict inflammatory responses"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Qinglu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Medicine of Sichuan Education Department, Southwest Minzu University","place":["Chengdu, Sichuan, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongmei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Medicine of Sichuan Education Department, Southwest Minzu University","place":["Chengdu, Sichuan, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dingcheng","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Medicine of Sichuan Education Department, Southwest Minzu University","place":["Chengdu, Sichuan, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhanying","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Medicine of Sichuan Education Department, Southwest Minzu University","place":["Chengdu, Sichuan, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xueliang","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences","place":["Lanzhou, Gansu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Medicine of Sichuan Education Department, Southwest Minzu University","place":["Chengdu, Sichuan, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2885","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.025841-0","article-title":"Global distribution of peste des petits ruminants virus and prospects for improved diagnosis and 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