{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T04:32:12Z","timestamp":1786422732149,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786406400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Dermatophytosis is a superficial, highly contagious mycosis caused mainly by keratinophilic fungi of the genera\n                    <jats:italic>Microsporum, Trichophyton<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Nannizzia<\/jats:italic>\n                    . This report describes two clinical cases of dermatophytic kerion in dogs caused by\n                    <jats:italic>Microsporum canis<\/jats:italic>\n                    . In both, direct microscopic examination of hairs revealed ectothrix arthroconidia, and fungal culture yielded colonies morphologically consistent with\n                    <jats:italic>M. canis<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Species identification was confirmed by PCR amplification and partial sequencing of the ribosomal ITS region, followed by BLAST analysis and phylogenetic reconstruction. Antifungal susceptibility testing was performed by agar diffusion. Systemic antifungal therapy using pulse regimens of itraconazole or terbinafine, combined with topical treatment and environmental decontamination, resulted in complete clinical and mycological cure in both patients. These cases emphasize the importance of considering dermatophytosis, particularly kerion, in the differential diagnosis of deep inflammatory skin lesions in dogs. Early recognition and appropriate antifungal therapy are essential to achieve successful outcomes and to reduce the risk of zoonotic transmission.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2026.1809436","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T04:21:56Z","timestamp":1786422116000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Canine dermatophytic kerion caused by Microsporum canis: two case reports"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Ail\u00e9n","family":"Dumont-Viollaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Life Sciences, One Health Institute, Universidad Andres Bello","place":["Santiago, Chile"]},{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Andr\u00e9s Bello","place":["Santiago, Chile"]},{"name":"Programa de Doctorado en Medicina de la Conservaci\u00f3n, Universidad Andr\u00e9s Bello","place":["Santiago, Chile"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bel\u00e9n Rivera","family":"G\u00f3mez-Barris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cl\u00ednica Veterinaria Oftaderm","place":["La Reina, Chile"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leslye Camila","family":"del R\u00edo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Andr\u00e9s Bello","place":["Santiago, Chile"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cl\u00ednica Veterinaria Oftaderm","place":["La Reina, Chile"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela","family":"Thomson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Life Sciences, One Health Institute, Universidad Andres Bello","place":["Santiago, Chile"]},{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Andr\u00e9s Bello","place":["Santiago, Chile"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-016-0073-9","article-title":"Toward a novel multilocus phylogenetic taxonomy for the dermatophytes","volume":"182","author":"De Hoog","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"145","article-title":"Dermatophyte infection and colonization in dogs from South Santiago, Chile","volume":"20","author":"Silva","year":"2003","journal-title":"Rev Iberoam Micol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.3314\/mmj.22-00015","article-title":"Microsporum canis infection in a cat breeder family and an investigation of their breeding cats","volume":"63","author":"Watanabe","year":"2022","journal-title":"Med Mycol J"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s43008-023-00120-x","article-title":"Human adaptation and diversification in the Microsporum canis complex","volume":"14","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"IMA Fungus"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms13030575","article-title":"Global dermatophyte infections linked to human and animal health: a scoping review","volume":"13","author":"Gupta","year":"2025","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3164.2009.00749.x","article-title":"Canine nodular dermatophytosis (kerion): 23 cases","volume":"20","author":"Cornegliani","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vet Dermatol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.3314\/mmj.22-00025","article-title":"Kerion Celsi due to Microsporum canis in an adult woman, treated successfully with fosravuconazole","volume":"64","author":"Shimoyama","year":"2023","journal-title":"Med Mycol J"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2003.327","article-title":"Tinea capitis in adult women masquerading as bacterial pyoderma","volume":"49","author":"Martin","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAAD"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"243","article-title":"Kerion: a import\u00e2ncia da sua diferencia\u00e7\u00e3o com infec\u00e7\u00e3o bacteriana do couro cabeludo. Relato de caso","volume":"10","author":"Peixoto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rev Soc Bras Clin Med"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E725","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.160665","article-title":"Kerion","volume":"189","author":"Grijsen","year":"2017","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13675","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13675","article-title":"Kerion Celsi in infants and children\u2014a narrative review 2010\u20132023","volume":"67","author":"Chiriac","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100621","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2024.100621","article-title":"Tinea capitis caused by Microsporum canis: a case study of three family members in India, a non-endemic region","volume":"50","author":"Capoor","year":"2024","journal-title":"Indian J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1111\/vde.13062","article-title":"Validation of the 0\u201310 verbal numeric scale for assessment of pruritus severity in dogs","volume":"33","author":"Strzok","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vet Dermatol"},{"key":"ref14","first-page":"1122","volume-title":"Athlas of Clinical Fungi. The Ultimate Benchtool for Diagnosis","author":"De Hoog","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-372180-8.50042-1","article-title":"Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics","volume":"18","author":"White","year":"1990","journal-title":"PCR Prot Guide Method Appl"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1080\/13693780701549364","article-title":"Evaluation of microdilution and disk diffusion methods for antifungal susceptibility testing of dermatophytes","volume":"45","author":"Singh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"key":"ref17","volume-title":"Method for Antifungal Disk Diffusion Susceptibility Testing of Nondermatophyte Filamentous Fungi: Approved Guideline","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref18","volume-title":"Reference Method for Broth Diffusion Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Filamentous Fungi","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref19","volume-title":"Method for Antifungal disk Diffusion Susceptibility Testing of Yeasts","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"24","article-title":"Comparison of broth micro dilution and disk diffusion method for susceptibility testing of dermatophytes","volume":"4","author":"Gupta","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/1966416627","article-title":"D\u00e9nombrement des champignons keratinophiles de une population de Cynocephales (Papio papio)","volume":"41","author":"Mariat","year":"1966","journal-title":"Ann Parasitol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.riam.2009.03.002","article-title":"Microsporum canis en gatos dermatol\u00f3gicamente sanos en Temuco, Chile","volume":"26","author":"Betancourt","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rev Iberoam Micol"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcac170","article-title":"Family outbreak of Microsporum canis infection","volume":"115","author":"Xia","year":"2022","journal-title":"QJM"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3267","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13113267","article-title":"Tinea incognito: challenges in diagnosis and management","volume":"13","author":"Zacharopoulou","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.14611","article-title":"Major challenges and perspectives in the diagnostics and treatment of dermatophyte infections","volume":"129","author":"Gnat","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1111\/vde.12440","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of dermatophytosis in dogs and cats","volume":"28","author":"Moriello","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet Dermatol"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3164.2008.00712.x","article-title":"Successful resolution of dermatophyte mycetoma following terbinafine treatment in two cats","volume":"19","author":"Nuttall","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet Dermatol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.3390\/jof5030082","article-title":"A week of oral terbinafine pulse regimen every three months to treat all dermatophyte onychomycosis","volume":"5","author":"Sprenger","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Fungi (Basel)"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mycmed.2025.101584","article-title":"Whole genome sequencing of terbinafine-sensitive canine strains of Trichophyton indotineae isolated from India","volume":"35","author":"Thomas","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Mycol Med"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Veterinary Science"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fvets.2026.1809436\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T04:21:58Z","timestamp":1786422118000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fvets.2026.1809436\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]]},"references-count":29,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fvets.2026.1809436"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fvets.2026.1809436","relation":{},"ISSN":["2297-1769"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2297-1769","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]]},"article-number":"1809436"}}