{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T05:09:42Z","timestamp":1779426582088,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779408000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"\n Introduction<\/jats:title>\n Due to the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties of olive leaf powder (OLP), it may serve as a beneficial feed supplement for birds. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of adding OLP to feed on growth efficiency, carcass traits, blood parameters, antioxidant activity, and cecal microbial load in growing Japanese quail.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Three hundred and seventy-five one-day-old quail chicks were randomly assigned to five experimental groups, each containing five replicates of 15 birds: a control group fed a basal feed and four experimental groups given 3, 4, 5, and 6% OLP per kg of quail diets for the 6 weeks.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The results showed a significant (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n &lt; 0.05) improvement in growth performance, with increased live body weight (LBW) and an insignificantly improved feed conversion ratio in the 6% OLP group. Carcass yield and total edible meat also substantially improved (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n &lt; 0.05). Blood parameters showed improved (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n &lt; 0.05) protein and lipid levels and increased liver enzyme activity; moreover, the use of the OLP led to a decrease in TC, TG, LDL, and VLDL levels, as well as an increase in HDL. Additionally, the activity of antioxidant enzymes increased (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n &lt; 0.001), along with higher levels of GSH and SOD activity. All meat quality attributes, including cooking loss %, water-holding capacity, PH values, and meat color, improved (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n &lt; 0.05) with the use of OLP. Furthermore, intestinal microbiota analysis showed a significant improvement in\n Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n count and a decrease in pathogenic bacteria (total bacterial count, coliforms,\n E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n , and\n Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n ). However, the\n Bacillus<\/jats:italic>\n count was not significantly affected by OLP supplementation.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Discussion<\/jats:title>\n The findings of this study demonstrate that OLP is a promising natural feed additive for growing Japanese quail, enhancing growth performance and the gut microbiome, thereby establishing it as a safe and natural growth promoter.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2026.1824857","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T04:52:36Z","timestamp":1779425556000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Modeling of growth performance, physiological response, and intestinal microbiota shift in growing Japanese quail fed olive leaf powder"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Saad A.","family":"Al-Ardhi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, Al-Muthanna University","place":["Al-Muthanna, Iraq"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saad K.","family":"Al-Waeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, Al-Muthanna University","place":["Al-Muthanna, Iraq"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moustafa Amin","family":"Osman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Centre for Food and Feed, Agricultural Research Centre, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation","place":["Giza, Egypt"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eman A.","family":"Al-Shahari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Health Specialties, Basic Sciences and Their Applications Unit, Applied College at Muhayil Asir, King Khalid University","place":["Abha, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nawal H.","family":"Siddig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematical Science, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University","place":["Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed Ezzat","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University","place":["Abha, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yehia","family":"Hazzazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, College of Science, Jazan University","place":["Jazan, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mari","family":"Sumayli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, College of Science, Jazan University","place":["Jazan, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Al-Rasheed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University","place":["Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibrahim Mufadhi M.","family":"Alanazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University","place":["Makkah, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci9020043","article-title":"Black pepper or radish seed oils in a new combination of essential oils modulated broiler chickens\u2019 performance and expression of digestive enzymes, lipogenesis, immunity, and autophagy-related genes","volume":"9","author":"Kishawy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vet Sci"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"928235","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.928235","article-title":"Effects from dietary addition of Sargassum sp., Spirulina sp., or Gracilaria sp. powder on immune status in broiler chickens","volume":"9","author":"Al-Khalaifah","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103793","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2024.103793","article-title":"Does the marketing age impact growth performance, carcass traits, economic feasibility, and hemato-biochemical properties of genetically-modified quails?","volume":"103","author":"Taleb","year":"2024","journal-title":"Poult Sci"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105050","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2025.105050","article-title":"Effects of lactic acid and herbal blend as antibiotic alternatives on growth, carcass traits, blood chemistry, and microbial load in broiler chickens","volume":"104","author":"Ashour","year":"2025","journal-title":"Poult Sci"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2025.105164","article-title":"Impact of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) pollen supplementation on growth performance, carcass traits, cecal microbial composition, and blood parameters in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix Japonica)","volume":"104","author":"Farag","year":"2025","journal-title":"Poult Sci"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.3390\/ani15101386","article-title":"Effects of glutamine supplementation and early cold conditioning on cold stress adaptability in broilers","volume":"15","author":"Al-Khalaifah","year":"2025","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2577947","DOI":"10.1080\/10495398.2025.2577947","article-title":"Dietary probiotic supplementation with Lactococcus lactis and Bacillus velezensis enhances growth performance, meat quality, blood profiles, and cecal and feed microbiota in growing rabbits","volume":"36","author":"Elbaz","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anim Biotechnol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105085","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2025.105085","article-title":"The effects of formic acid or herbal mixture on growth performance, carcass quality, blood chemistry, and gut microbial load in broiler chickens: Formic Acid & Herbal Mixture in broiler diets","volume":"104","author":"Abd El-Hack","year":"2025","journal-title":"Poult Sci"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104689","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2024.104689","article-title":"Optimizing broiler performance, carcass traits, and health: evaluating thyme and\/or garlic powders as natural growth promoters in antibiotic-free diets","volume":"104","author":"Ashour","year":"2025","journal-title":"Poultry Sci"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-025-04663-6","article-title":"Combined modulatory effects of dietary arginine and olive leaf phenolic extract on growth performance and immune functions of broiler chickens, and meat antioxidant potential during frozen storage","volume":"21","author":"Alfifi","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Vet Res"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.21162\/PAKJAS\/23.36","article-title":"An in vitro antimicrobial activity of Beauveria bassiana secondary metabolites","volume":"60","author":"Aksoy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pakistan J Agric Sci"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.21162\/PAKJAS\/23.54","article-title":"Anticoccidial activities of essential oil of Amomum subulatum in broiler chicks","volume":"60","author":"Saeed","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pak J Agric Sci"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.33988\/auvfd.622127","article-title":"The effects of dietary eggshell with membrane and olive leaf extract supplementation on performance, carcass characteristics and some biochemical parameters of quails exposed to heat stress","volume":"67","author":"Eri\u015fir","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ankara \u00dcniv Vet Fak Derg"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.29261\/pakvetj\/2025.180","article-title":"Olive leaves\u2019 extract as an antibiotic alternative enhances the growth, oxidative stress, molecular markers, and histological variation in Salmonella-challenged Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica)","volume":"45","author":"Bahshwan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pak Vet J"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20180300","DOI":"10.37496\/rbz4920180300","article-title":"Evaluation of olive leaf extract as a growth promoter on the performance, blood biochemical parameters, and caecal microflora of broiler chickens","volume":"49","author":"Erener","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rev Brasil de Zoot"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"277","article-title":"Effect of dietary olive leaves extract (oleuropein) supplementation on productive, physiological and immunological parameters in bandarah chickens 2-during production period","volume":"37","author":"Elsaadany","year":"2018","journal-title":"Egyptian Poult Sci J"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/S0308-8146(99)00221-6","article-title":"Antioxidant activity of phenolics extracted from Olea europaea L. leaves","volume":"68","author":"Benavente-Garc\u0131a","year":"2000","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scp.2021.100493","article-title":"A clean and green technology for oleuropein-rich extract from Olea europaea by-product","volume":"22","author":"\u015eahin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sustain Chem Pharm"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2008.01.022","article-title":"Isolation of polyphenols from the extracts of olive leaves (Olea europaea L.) by adsorption on silk fibroin","volume":"62","author":"Alt\u0131ok","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sep Purif Technol"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2005.05.024","article-title":"Antioxidant activities of Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz extracts","volume":"97","author":"Ordonez","year":"2006","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"key":"ref21","volume-title":"Nutrient Requirements of Poultry","year":"1994"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(66)90215-4","article-title":"A specific method for serum lipase determination","volume":"13","author":"Tietz","year":"1966","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1858","DOI":"10.3390\/foods12091858","article-title":"Effect of dietary supplementation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum N-1 and its synergies with oligomeric isomaltose on the growth performance and meat quality in Hu sheep","volume":"12","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.0310735","article-title":"A new blood diluent for counting the erythrocytes and leucocytes of the chicken","volume":"31","author":"Natt","year":"1952","journal-title":"Poult Sci"},{"key":"ref25","volume-title":"AMSA Meat Color Measurement Guidelines: AMSA","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meatsci.2005.04.022","article-title":"Mechanisms of water-holding capacity of meat: the role of postmortem biochemical and structural changes","volume":"71","author":"Huff-Lonergan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Meat Sci"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/79.9.1311","article-title":"Effect of zinc bacitracin and salinomycin on intestinal microflora and performance of broilers","volume":"79","author":"Engberg","year":"2000","journal-title":"Poult Sci"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pex359","article-title":"The gastrointestinal microbiome and its association with the control of pathogens in broiler chicken production: a review","volume":"97","author":"Clavijo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Poult Sci"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2307\/3001478","article-title":"The multiple range and multiple F-test","volume":"11","author":"Duncan","year":"1955","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10071044","article-title":"Olive polyphenols: antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties","volume":"10","author":"Bucciantini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antioxidants (Basel)"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.21608\/ejnf.2024.352605","article-title":"Effect of olive pomace and enzymes on productive performance, nutrients digestibility and some blood parameters in Japanese quail","volume":"27","author":"El-Kelawy","year":"2024","journal-title":"Egypt J Nutr Feeds"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.21608\/epsj.2024.347279","article-title":"Influence of dietary supplementation of olive leaves extract (Olea europaea) on performance, lipid profiles, digestive enzymes, microbial content, antioxidant indices and immune responses of growing Japanese quail","volume":"44","author":"Adel","year":"2024","journal-title":"Egypt Poult Sci J"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.3390\/beverages11030066","article-title":"Olive leaf extracts as a medicinal beverage: origin, Physico-chemical properties, and bio-functionality","volume":"11","author":"Panou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Beverages"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.21608\/avmj.2019.169038","article-title":"Effect of dietary olive leaves and chamomile flowers powder on the growth performance and carcass traits and of broilers (SASSO BREED)","volume":"65","author":"Nassar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Assiut Vet Med J"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2811","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2011-01515","article-title":"Effects of a phytogenic feed additive on growth performance and ileal nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens","volume":"90","author":"Amad","year":"2011","journal-title":"Poult Sci"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11020248","article-title":"Impact of dietary supplementation with Moringa oleifera leaves on performance, meat characteristics, oxidative stability, and fatty acid profile in growing rabbits","volume":"11","author":"Selim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103054","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103054","article-title":"Evaluation of antimicrobial effect of olive leaves powder and its role in improving the broiler productivity, carcass traits, blood metabolites, and caecal microbiota","volume":"102","author":"Almuhayawi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Poult Sci"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/82.6.907","article-title":"Genetic regulation of feed intake and energy balance in poultry","volume":"82","author":"Richards","year":"2003","journal-title":"Poult Sci"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12091723","article-title":"Effects of dietary supplementation of a resin-purified aqueous-isopropanol olive leaf extract on meat and liver antioxidant parameters in broilers","volume":"12","author":"Vasilopoulou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antioxidants (Basel)"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6162","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-33495-3","article-title":"Effect of dietary olive (Olea europea) pomace on productive performance, and physiological and meat quality parameters in jumbo quail","volume":"13","author":"Hlatshwayo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.70158","article-title":"Exposure to zinc oxide and selenium nanoparticles in Japanese quail: oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and histopathological outcomes","volume":"2026","author":"Noreen","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Appl Toxicol"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"960233","DOI":"10.3389\/fanim.2022.960233","article-title":"Simultaneous pre-treatment of dietary Moringa oleifera leaf meal with polyethylene glycol and fibrolytic enzymes: effect on growth performance, physiological indices, and meat quality parameters in jumbo quail","volume":"3","author":"Mulaudzi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Anim Sci"},{"key":"ref43","first-page":"657","article-title":"Effects of olive leaf extract (Olea europea L.) on growth performance, blood metabolites and antioxidant activities in broiler chickens under heat stress","volume":"29","author":"Agah","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Anim Plant Sci"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.18502\/abi.v2i1.16242","article-title":"A review of the therapeutic effects of polyphenols on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: focus on oxidative stress","volume":"2","author":"Soleimani","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta Biochim Iran"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3159","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16183159","article-title":"Review on the role of polyphenols in preventing and treating type 2 diabetes: evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies","volume":"16","author":"Shahidi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2008.08.014","article-title":"Hypolipidimic and antioxidant activities of oleuropein and its hydrolysis derivative-rich extracts from Chemlali olive leaves","volume":"176","author":"Jemai","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chem Biol Interact"},{"key":"ref47","first-page":"2176","article-title":"Effect of adding different levels of olive leaf powder to the diet on the production performance and some physiological characteristics of broilers","volume":"6","author":"Nafea","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Res Ecol"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.12192","article-title":"Effects of dietary oleuropein supplementation on growth performance, serum lipid concentrations and lipid oxidation of Japanese quails","volume":"98","author":"Sarica","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr"},{"key":"ref49","first-page":"741","article-title":"Effects of olive leaf on blood metabolites and humoral immunity response of broiler chickens","volume":"2","author":"Parsaei","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Advan Biol Biomed Res"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.1080\/1828051X.2022.2105265","article-title":"Effect of olive leaf (Olea europaea L.) extract addition to broiler diets on the growth performance, breast meat quality, antioxidant capacity and caecal bacterial populations","volume":"21","author":"Xie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ital J Anim Sci"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2499","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-023-03562-9","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species, toxicity, oxidative stress, and antioxidants: chronic diseases and aging","volume":"97","author":"Jomova","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arch Toxicol"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.5650\/jos.ess23261","article-title":"In vitro effects of olive leaf extract (Oleuropein) on human sperm parameters and oxidative stress induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)","volume":"73","author":"Sahnoun","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Oleo Sci"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.3390\/applbiosci3030026","article-title":"Therapeutic potential of olive leaf extracts: a comprehensive review","volume":"3","author":"de Oliveira","year":"2024","journal-title":"Appl Biosci"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox13070762","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of olive oil: a comprehensive review of antioxidant properties","volume":"13","author":"Gon\u00e7alves","year":"2024","journal-title":"Antioxidants (Basel)"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.3382\/japr\/pfx005","article-title":"Physiological responses and performance of broiler chickens offered olive leaf extract under a hot humid tropical climate","volume":"26","author":"Oke","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Appl Poult Res"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.14710\/jitaa.49.1.1-15","article-title":"Effect of in ovo injection of epigallocatechin-3 gallate and oleuropein on hatching, productive and physiological aspects of broiler chicks exposed to short heat stress","volume":"49","author":"Al-Shammari","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Indonesian Tropic Anim Agric"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1700290","DOI":"10.1002\/ejlt.201700290","article-title":"Evaluation of olive pomace in the production of novel broilers with enhanced in vitro antithrombotic properties","volume":"120","author":"Nasopoulou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Europ J Lipid Sci Technol"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.2141\/jpsa.0200032","article-title":"Olive leaf water extract protects chicken breast sausages against quality deterioration induced by frozen storage","volume":"58","author":"Rachman","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Poult Sci"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105990","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2025.105990","article-title":"Effects of dietary supplementation of an oleuropein-enriched olive leaf extract on performance, carcass characteristics, intestinal health, foot pad parameters and meat quality of broilers","volume":"199","author":"Vasilopoulou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.3390\/agriculture15060662","article-title":"Effect of dietary inclusion of olive leaves and olive pulp on the oxidative status and meat quality of broiler chickens","volume":"15","author":"Rezar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Agriculture"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1410","DOI":"10.3390\/plants12061410","article-title":"Green biogenic of silver nanoparticles using polyphenolic extract of olive leaf wastes with focus on their anticancer and antimicrobial activities","volume":"12","author":"Alowaiesh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Plants"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2025.105171","article-title":"Fermented banana feed and nanoparticles: a new eco-friendly, cost-effective potential green approach for poultry industry","volume":"104","author":"Saeed","year":"2025","journal-title":"Poult Sci"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics13070603","article-title":"Current view on major natural compounds endowed with antibacterial and antiviral effects","volume":"13","author":"Arrigoni","year":"2024","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14010137","article-title":"Polyphenols\u2014gut microbiota interrelationship: a transition to a new generation of prebiotics","volume":"14","author":"Plamada","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1698","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12121698","article-title":"Innovative approaches for maintaining and enhancing skin health and managing skin diseases through microbiome-targeted strategies","volume":"12","author":"Al-Smadi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antibiotics"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Veterinary Science"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fvets.2026.1824857\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T04:52:44Z","timestamp":1779425564000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fvets.2026.1824857\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]]},"references-count":65,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fvets.2026.1824857"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fvets.2026.1824857","relation":{},"ISSN":["2297-1769"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2297-1769","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]]},"article-number":"1824857"}}