{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T15:23:12Z","timestamp":1788535392056,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Coxiella burnetii<\/jats:italic>\n                    is a Gram-negative, ubiquitous bacterium that may infect many animal species as well as humans. In this study, transmission of\n                    <jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>\n                    during an outbreak of abortions in a herd of Finnish forest reindeer (\n                    <jats:italic>Rangifer tarandus fennicus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) in a Dutch zoo was investigated. Diagnostic sampling showed positive\n                    <jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>\n                    antigen detection with qPCR from vaginal swabs and positive\n                    <jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>\n                    serology (ELISA) in all cases of abortion (4\/4) and in one animal after normal parturition. Placental tissue (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u202f=\u202f2) and fetal liver tissue (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u202f=\u202f1) retrieved after two abortions were positive for\n                    <jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection by qPCR and immunohistochemistry. Histological staining revealed the presence of\n                    <jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>\n                    in the placenta, indicating infection. Follow-up diagnostic approaches were aimed toward isolation, strain typing, and molecular analysis. Direct sequencing from placental tissue resulted in a full genome and plasmid sequence. Whole-genome sequence analysis, including multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA), resulted in similarities with a\n                    <jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>\n                    strain previously found in cattle. A One Health approach was implemented, guiding efforts to prevent and monitor human Q fever following potential exposure to\n                    <jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>\n                    . No human Q fever cases were reported, and additional serological testing of exposed zoo personnel showed no indications of infection. This article describes the first documented case of clinical abortions caused by\n                    <jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>\n                    in Finnish forest reindeer, offering new insights into coxiellosis in non-domestic animals and highlighting lessons to inform future preparedness and response.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2026.1882481","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T15:56:56Z","timestamp":1787673416000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of Coxiella burnetii-associated abortions in Finnish forest reindeer within a zoo on public health appeared negligible succeeding mitigation strategies"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Marleen M.","family":"Kannekens-Jager","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Bacteriology, Host-Pathogen Interaction and Diagnostic Development, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research","place":["Lelystad, Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andries A.","family":"Kampfraath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Integrative Data Analytics, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research","place":["Lelystad, Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Kaandorp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GaiaZOO","place":["Kerkrade, Netherlands"]},{"name":"Diergaarde Blijdorp","place":["Rotterdam, Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annemieke","family":"Dinkla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Bacteriology, Host-Pathogen Interaction and Diagnostic Development, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research","place":["Lelystad, Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Harders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Integrative Data Analytics, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research","place":["Lelystad, Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Ravesloot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Bacteriology, Host-Pathogen Interaction and Diagnostic Development, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research","place":["Lelystad, Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pieter","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dutch Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority","place":["Utrecht, Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith M. A.","family":"van den Brand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Pathology Diagnostic Centre, Division of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University","place":["Utrecht, Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik A. W. S.","family":"Weerts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Pathology Diagnostic Centre, Division of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University","place":["Utrecht, Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Senta L. D.","family":"Janssen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Healthcare, South Limburg Public Health Service","place":["Heerlen, Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lenny M. J.","family":"Engelen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Healthcare, South Limburg Public Health Service","place":["Heerlen, Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanja","family":"Verhaegh-Haasnoot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Healthcare, South Limburg Public Health Service","place":["Heerlen, Netherlands"]},{"name":"Department of Social Medicine, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht UMC+","place":["Maastricht, Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin","family":"Ruuls","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic and Crisis Organization, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research","place":["Lelystad, Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diederik","family":"Brandwagt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Infectious Disease Control (CIB)","place":["Bilthoven, Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marloes","family":"Heijne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Infectious Disease Control (CIB)","place":["Bilthoven, Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Remco","family":"Dijkman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal GD","place":["Deventer, Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arne","family":"Vanhoudt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal GD","place":["Deventer, Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liesbeth","family":"Harkema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal GD","place":["Deventer, Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ad P.","family":"Koets","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Bacteriology, Host-Pathogen Interaction and Diagnostic Development, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research","place":["Lelystad, Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ren\u00e9","family":"van den Brom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal GD","place":["Deventer, Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15229","article-title":"Management of Coxiella burnetii infection in livestock populations and the associated zoonotic risk: a consensus statement","volume":"32","author":"Plummer","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Vet Intern 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