{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T05:25:10Z","timestamp":1787117110648,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787097600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Obtaining sterile anticoagulated whole-blood units is a key prerequisite for downstream laboratory and clinical applications involving blood-derived products. In bovine medicine, however, published information on blood collection into bags is mainly embedded in transfusion-oriented references or broader downstream studies, while formal validation of donor-oriented collection methods remains limited. The aim of this study was to develop and field-validate a large-volume bag-based method for whole-blood collection in donor dairy cows under commercial farm conditions. Whole-blood collections were performed in clinically healthy donor dairy cows using a jugular venipuncture protocol that was progressively refined during field validation. A true sequential multi-bag setup, enabled by extension tubing and a perforable connection device, was introduced on 24 October 2022. Protocol validation was based primarily on procedural success, defined as a bacteriologically negative blood unit with a collected volume of at least 400\u202fmL per bag. A total of 294 procedures were included. Overall, 228\/294 procedures (77.6%) were classified as successful, 48\/294 (16.3%) as suboptimal, and 18\/294 (6.1%) as failed. The median collected volume per procedure was 410\u202fmL (IQR 400\u2013430; range 124.5\u20131,280\u202fmL). Overall, 276\/294 collections (93.9%) were bacteriologically negative. Within the single-bag phase, later collection dates were associated with a lower probability of bacteriological positivity, supporting a learning-curve effect on microbiological reliability. Later implementation of the sequential multi-bag setup was associated with a higher total volume per procedure, without an apparent loss of microbiological safety. In conclusion, this large-volume bag-based protocol proved feasible for whole-blood collection in donor dairy cows under field conditions and may provide a practical upstream basis for subsequent laboratory applications and downstream processing workflows.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2026.1906488","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T04:38:30Z","timestamp":1787114310000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Development and field validation of a large-volume bag-based whole-blood collection method in donor dairy cows"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Filippo","family":"Rigo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua","place":["Padua, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Panozzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua","place":["Padua, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giacomo","family":"Catarin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua","place":["Padua, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margherita","family":"Soncin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie","place":["Padua, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Barberio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie","place":["Padua, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flaviana","family":"Gottardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua","place":["Padua, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7414036","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/7414036","article-title":"Platelet-rich plasma obtained with different anticoagulants and their effect on platelet numbers and mesenchymal stromal cells behavior in vitro","volume":"2016","author":"Do Amaral","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stem Cells Int"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.18.1.195-204.2005","article-title":"Bacterial contamination of blood components","volume":"18","author":"Brecher","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol 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therapy?","volume":"39","author":"Soares","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trends Biotechnol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641818","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2021.641818","article-title":"A critical overview of the use of platelet-rich plasma in veterinary medicine: current concepts, classification, and standardization challenges","volume":"8","author":"Garbin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci10120686","article-title":"Clinical application of platelet concentrates in bovine practice: a systematic review","volume":"10","author":"Caterino","year":"2023","journal-title":"Vet Sci"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6223","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2014-7999","article-title":"Intramammary administration of platelet concentrate as an unconventional therapy in bovine mastitis: first clinical 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