{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T07:55:30Z","timestamp":1790927730018,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790899200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bone fracture healing involves coordinated inflammatory, oxidative, and remodeling processes. This study evaluated free zingiberene and a zingiberene-selenium nanoparticle (zingiberene-SeNP) formulation in a rat femoral fracture model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats were assigned to intact control, fracture control, fracture plus zingiberene (10 mg\/kg\/day), or fracture plus zingiberene-SeNP formulation (0.5 mg\/kg\/day, expressed as total administered formulation mass) groups for 35 days. Outcomes included serum calcium, phosphate, magnesium, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP); malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT); C-reactive protein (CRP), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E\u2082 (PGE\u2082), myeloperoxidase (MPO), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-\u03b1), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1\u03b2), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-\u03baB); C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-I), calcitonin, osteocalcin, osteoprotegerin (OPG), and bone morphogenetic protein-1 (BMP-1), together with radiographic and hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;amp;E) histology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fracture disrupted mineral, oxidative, inflammatory, and bone-turnover profiles. Both treatments improved multiple biochemical and inflammatory indices versus fracture control. The zingiberene-SeNP formulation showed stronger effects than free zingiberene for selected endpoints, including MDA, GSH, ALP, PGE\u2082, TNF-\u03b1, IL-1\u03b2, NF-\u03baB, CTX-I, calcitonin, osteocalcin, OPG, and BMP-1. Radiographic and histological findings were consistent with improved callus organization and bone maturation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, both treatments favorably modulated fracture-repair responses, with greater effects of the nanoformulation for selected parameters.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2026.1908406","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T07:26:25Z","timestamp":1790925985000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A zingiberene\u2013selenium nanoparticle formulation modulates oxidative, inflammatory, and osteogenic responses during femoral fracture healing in rats"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Alaa Jameel 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