{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T15:30:37Z","timestamp":1786375837717,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In areas affected by heavy metal contamination, the potential transfer of these metals from feed into animal products during digestion is a major concern.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty-four Xiangdong black male goats were equally assigned to three experimental groups (8 goats per group) using a completely randomized design for 60\u202fdays. The experimental groups were formulated by incorporating Paddy A, B, and C (containing low [LHM], medium [MHM], and high [HHM] levels of heavy metals, respectively) at 33% of the total diet.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The results revealed a nonsignificant decrease (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;gt;\u202f0.05) in the digestibility and absorption of Mn, Ca, Fe, Zn and Cr through the gastrointestinal tract, whereas the absorption of Cd and Pb significantly increased (\n                      <jats:italic>p\u202f&amp;lt;<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.05), and that of Ni decreased in the HHM and MHH groups compared with those in the control group. The contents of heavy metals and essential metals in different tissues changed according to the type and function of the organ, and the contents of heavy metals in various tissues (spleen, lung, liver, kidney, rumen, ileum, cecum, colon, rectum, fat, muscles and hair) remained within internationally recognized safety limits for human consumption, as established by Codex and\/or the European Commission Regulation. Moreover, meat quality and carcass characteristics were not affected (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;gt;\u202f0.05) by increasing heavy metal contents in the diets of goats.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study demonstrates that, under the current experimental conditions, incorporating paddy cultivated in soils contaminated with heavy metals into Xiangdong black male goat diets for short periods (60\u202fdays), without adverse effects on productive performance or health status, and the resulting animal products remained safe for human consumption. However, long-term studies involving different animal species under diverse climatic conditions are required to validate these findings before considering any practical application in livestock production systems.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2026.1909059","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T04:25:14Z","timestamp":1785471914000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impacts of heavy metal\u2013contaminated feed on growing goats: nutrient digestibility, metal absorption, tissue accumulation, meat quality, and carcass characteristics"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Ahmed M.","family":"Abd EI Tawab","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Forage Breeding-by-Design and Utilization, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Changsha, Hunan, China"]},{"name":"Dairy Science Department, National Research Centre","place":["Giza, Egypt"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaoxun","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Forage Breeding-by-Design and Utilization, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Changsha, Hunan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences","place":["Hohhot, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunyu","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Husbandry Science and Technology of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Animal Science, Tarim University","place":["Xinjiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhixiong","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Forage Breeding-by-Design and Utilization, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Changsha, Hunan, China"]},{"name":"College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuanshe","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Forage Breeding-by-Design and Utilization, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Changsha, Hunan, China"]},{"name":"College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiliang","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Forage Breeding-by-Design and Utilization, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Changsha, Hunan, China"]},{"name":"College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuefeng","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Forage Breeding-by-Design and Utilization, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Changsha, Hunan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong-Bin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University","place":["Hohhot, China"]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University","place":["Hohhot, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"347","volume-title":"Livestock Production Systems","author":"Derner","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2009.08.024","article-title":"Immobilization of lead and cadmium from aqueous solution and contaminated sediment using nano-hydroxyapatite","volume":"158","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103520","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jksus.2024.103520","article-title":"Nickel toxicology testing in alternative specimen from farm ruminants in a urban polluted environment","volume":"36","author":"Iqbal Khan","year":"2024","journal-title":"J King Saud Univ Sci"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.36062\/ijah.2021.spl.00421","article-title":"Heavy metal poisoning and its impact on livestock health and production system","volume":"60","author":"Gupta","year":"2021","journal-title":"Indian J Anim Health"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1051\/e3sconf\/202338903038","volume-title":"Effect of Cadmium on Agrochemical and Ecological status of Irrigated Soils","author":"Nizamov","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-52272-6.00615-2","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of Environmental Health","author":"Bernard","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"590325","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.590325","article-title":"A cross-sectional study of dairy cattle metagenomes reveals increased antimicrobial resistance in animals farmed in a heavy metal contaminated environment","volume":"11","author":"Gaeta","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"ref8","author":"Bartkowiak","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.2478\/intox-2014-0009","article-title":"Toxicity, mechanism and health effects of some heavy metals","volume":"7","author":"Jaishankar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Interdiscip Toxicol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1139\/m78-050","article-title":"Effects of heavy metals and other trace elements on the fermentative activity of the rumen microflora and growth of functionally important rumen bacteria","volume":"24","author":"Forsberg","year":"1978","journal-title":"Can J Microbiol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3104","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13193104","article-title":"Assessing the effects of dietary cadmium exposure on the gastrointestinal tract of beef cattle via microbiota and transcriptome profile","volume":"13","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1448388","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2024.1448388","article-title":"Toxic and essential metals: metabolic interactions with the gut microbiota and health implications","volume":"11","author":"Zhu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e8","DOI":"10.1017\/jan.2017.7","article-title":"Heavy metal contamination of animal feedstuffs \u2013 a new survey","volume":"5","author":"Elliott","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Appl Anim Nutr"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1080\/10643380490434128","article-title":"Distribution and bioavailability of trace elements in livestock and poultry manure by-products","volume":"34","author":"Bolan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.01.067","article-title":"Heavy metals in food crops: health risks, fate, mechanisms, and management","volume":"125","author":"Rai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9211","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-13140-1","article-title":"Effects of soil properties on heavy metal bioavailability and accumulation in crop grains under different farmland use patterns","volume":"12","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"149","article-title":"Transfer of heavy metal contaminants from animal feed to animal products","volume":"2","author":"Makridis","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Agric Sci Technol A"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1533\/9780857093615.2.183","volume-title":"Animal Feed Contamination","author":"L\u00f3pez-Alonso","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12595","DOI":"10.3390\/su141912595","article-title":"Cadmium (cd) and copper (cu) exposure and bioaccumulation arrays in farm ruminants: impact of forage ecotypes, ecological sites and body organs","volume":"14","author":"Hussain","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27010233","article-title":"Role of phenolic compounds in human disease: current knowledge and future prospects","volume":"27","author":"Rahman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref21","volume-title":"BIO Web of Conferences","author":"Volkov","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70686","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-022-22705-6","article-title":"A comprehensive review on human health effects of chromium: insights on induced toxicity","volume":"29","author":"Hossini","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1038\/s41370-021-00292-x","article-title":"Environmental metal exposures and kidney function of Guatemalan sugarcane workers","volume":"32","author":"Butler-Dawson","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.03530708","article-title":"Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and progression of chronic kidney disease","volume":"4","author":"Bolignano","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8011953","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/8011953","article-title":"Mutagenic, carcinogenic, and teratogenic effect of heavy metals","volume":"2022","author":"Dasharathy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Evid Based Complement Alternat Med"},{"key":"ref26","first-page":"271","volume-title":"Nutrient Requirements of Small Ruminants: Sheep, Goats, Cervids, and New World Camelids","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28010358","article-title":"Oil-in-water Nanoemulsion can modulate the fermentation, fatty acid accumulation, and the microbial population in rumen batch cultures","volume":"28","author":"El-Sherbiny","year":"2023","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref28","volume-title":"Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3583","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2","article-title":"Methods for dietary Fiber, neutral detergent Fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition","volume":"74","author":"Van Soest","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1590\/S1806-92902015000200002","article-title":"Characteristics of the carcass of goats of different genotypes fed pineapple (Ananas comosus L.) stubble hay","volume":"44","author":"Lima","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rev Bras Zootec"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meatsci.2012.10.012","article-title":"Effect of concentrate level and slaughter body weight on growth performances, carcass traits and meat quality of Barbarine lambs fed oat hay based diet","volume":"93","author":"Majdoub-Mathlouthi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Meat Sci"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meatsci.2017.08.007","article-title":"Programming merino lambs by early feed restriction reduces growth rates and increases fat accretion during the fattening period with no effect on meat quality traits","volume":"135","author":"Santos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Meat Sci"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/s11032-015-0246-0","article-title":"Additive, dominant parental effects control the inheritance of grain cadmium accumulation in hybrid rice","volume":"35","author":"Yao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol Breed"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2156","DOI":"10.1017\/S175173111700355X","article-title":"Review: nutritional ecology of heavy metals","volume":"12","author":"Hejna","year":"2018","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"ref35","first-page":"3795","article-title":"Effect of copper and cadmium contaminated diets on water intake, ruminal enzyme activities, characteristics and nutrient digestibility in sheep","volume":"29","author":"Salem","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Anim Poult Prod"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/s00580-025-03641-6","article-title":"Impact of water pollution with lead and cadmium on rumen parameters, serum constituents, and antioxidant status of grazing Egyptian Nubian goats in Giza governorate","volume":"34","author":"Oraby","year":"2025","journal-title":"Comp Clin Path"},{"key":"ref37","first-page":"643","article-title":"Role of nickel in animal performance: a review","volume":"10","author":"Singh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharma Innov J"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.12691\/wjac-3-1-1","article-title":"Seasonal evaluation of mineral elements, heavy metals, essential amino acids, proximate compositions and pesticides in goat milk","volume":"3","author":"Aliyu","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J Anal Chem"},{"key":"ref39","first-page":"25","article-title":"A survey of heavy metals residues in cattle and goats grazing at Duza mining field of Zamfara state-Nigeria","volume":"13","author":"Muhammad Liman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Issue 9 Ser III"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6060","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26196060","article-title":"Review heavy metals and human health: possible exposure pathways and the competition for protein binding sites","volume":"26","author":"Witkowska","year":"2021","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.2478\/acve-2025-0027","article-title":"Changes in the concentrations of heavy metals in goat blood during the first third of the lactation period","volume":"75","author":"Antunovi\u0107","year":"2025","journal-title":"Acta Vet Brno"},{"key":"ref42","first-page":"69","article-title":"Assessment of metals levels in cow blood from cow\u2019s grazed around Zango, Zaria and Challawa industrial estate, Kano-Nigeria","volume":"1","author":"Ogabiela","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Appl Environ Biol Sci"},{"key":"ref43","first-page":"25","article-title":"Heavy metals in selected tissues and organs of slaughtered goats from Akinyele central abattoir, Ibadan, Nigeria","volume":"5","author":"Oladipo","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Biol Agric Healthc"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.9790\/5736-1503012532","article-title":"Health risk assessment of heavy metals (Pb, cd, Ni,) consumed in goat meat organs within Kaduna Metropolis, Kaduna state, Nigeria","volume":"15","author":"Muktar","year":"2022","journal-title":"IOSR J Appl Chem IOSR-JAC"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/184360","article-title":"Role of calcium channels in heavy metal toxicity","volume":"2013","author":"Marchetti","year":"2013","journal-title":"ISRN Toxicol"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2008.04.022","article-title":"Manganese in eukaryotes: the role of DMT1","volume":"29","author":"Au","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox13010076","article-title":"Heavy metal exposure: molecular pathways, clinical implications, and protective strategies","volume":"13","author":"Koyama","year":"2024","journal-title":"Antioxidants (Basel)"},{"key":"ref48","first-page":"81","article-title":"Distribution of heavy metals in organs of sheep and goat reared in Obuasi: a gold mining town in Ghana","volume":"2","author":"Akoto","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Environ Sci Toxicol"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149720","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2023.1149720","article-title":"A review of important heavy metals toxicity with special emphasis on nephrotoxicity and its management in cattle","volume":"10","author":"Tahir","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1972.tb46443.x","article-title":"Competition among mineral elements relating to absorption by animals","volume":"199","author":"Davis","year":"1972","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci (United States)"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1408","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12111408","article-title":"Cadmium accumulation in the goat liver and kidney is partially promoted by the upregulation of metal transporter genes","volume":"12","author":"Gebeyew","year":"2022","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"ref52","first-page":"157","article-title":"Accumulation and excretion of dietary cadmium in cattle and survey of cadmium content in organs of cattle produced in Tohoku district","volume":"65","author":"Tsuneishi","year":"1981","journal-title":"Bull Tohoku Natl Agric Exp Stn"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643972","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.643972","article-title":"Toxic mechanisms of five heavy metals: mercury, lead, chromium, cadmium, and arsenic","volume":"12","author":"Balali-Mood","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4453","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-61143-7","article-title":"Long-term metal exposure changes gut microbiota of residents surrounding a mining and smelting area","volume":"10","author":"Shao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1506S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/133.5.1506s","article-title":"Trace mineral bioavailability in ruminants","volume":"133","author":"Spears","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.animal.2022.100500","article-title":"Trace mineral source influences digestion, ruminal fermentation, and ruminal copper, zinc, and manganese distribution in steers fed a diet suitable for lactating dairy cows","volume":"16","author":"Guimaraes","year":"2022","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1079\/9781845934729.0000","volume-title":"Mineral Nutrition of Livestock","author":"Suttle","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1896","DOI":"10.33263\/LIANBS101.18961903","article-title":"Heavy metals (cd, Pb, and Zn) residue in selected tissue and organs of slaughtered goat-meat randomly selected from markets in Ayegbaju-Ekiti, Akure, and Owena","volume":"10","author":"Oyebanji","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lett Appl Nanobiosci"},{"key":"ref59","first-page":"11","article-title":"Biological Monitoring Of Heavy Metals In Goats Exposed To Environmental Contamination In Bagega, Zamfara State, Nigeria","volume":"11","author":"Jubril","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv Environ Biol"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsames.2025.105372","article-title":"Assessing bioaccumulation of Pb, cd, and as in goats: impacts of exposure to mine tailings in a polymetallic mining region","volume":"153","author":"Salgado-Souto","year":"2025","journal-title":"J S Am Earth Sci"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0442.2006.00868.x","article-title":"Trace mineral profile in blood and hair from cattle environmentally exposed to Lead and cadmium around different industrial units","volume":"53","author":"Patra","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Vet Med Ser A"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-016-0747-7","article-title":"Accumulation and depletion of cadmium in the blood, milk, hair, feces, and urine of cows during and after treatment","volume":"175","author":"Su","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biol Trace Elem Res"},{"key":"ref63","first-page":"361","article-title":"The effects of dietary cadmium, zinc, iron and copper on concentrations in tissues and hair of rats","volume":"27","author":"Lee","year":"1987","journal-title":"Korean J Vet Res"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1978.4761345x","article-title":"Nickel for ruminants I. Influence of dietary nickel on ruminal urease activity","volume":"47","author":"Spears","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107889","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meatsci.2019.107889","article-title":"Cielab color paths during meat shelf life","volume":"157","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez Salue\u00f1a","year":"2019","journal-title":"Meat Sci"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meatsci.2010.01.002","article-title":"Relationship between consumer ranking of lamb colour and objective measures of colour","volume":"85","author":"Khliji","year":"2010","journal-title":"Meat Sci"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meatsci.2007.09.005","article-title":"Effect of dietary oregano oil supplementation on lamb meat characteristics","volume":"79","author":"Simitzis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Meat Sci"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meatsci.2009.01.010","article-title":"Lipid and colour stability of meat from lambs fed fresh herbage or concentrate","volume":"82","author":"Luciano","year":"2009","journal-title":"Meat Sci"},{"key":"ref69","first-page":"1","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref70","volume-title":"Codex General Standard for Contaminants and Toxins in Food and Feed (Codex Stan 193-1995)","year":"1995"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Veterinary Science"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fvets.2026.1909059\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T15:08:15Z","timestamp":1786374495000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fvets.2026.1909059\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]]},"references-count":70,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fvets.2026.1909059"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fvets.2026.1909059","relation":{},"ISSN":["2297-1769"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2297-1769","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]]},"article-number":"1909059"}}