{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T06:04:48Z","timestamp":1789538688625,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    This longitudinal observational study sampled six farms (three broiler and three pig finishing farms) before and after selected routine management events with the aim of exploring the impact of stress on antimicrobial resistant\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    shedding. A Poisson generalised linear mixed-modelling (GLMM) approach was used for each species to evaluate differences between shedding of\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    following the events compared to the baseline, and impact of explanatory variables. Whilst shedding varied at the sampling time points, no evidence of significant difference was detected. Our results demonstrate no significant difference in the impact of stress on\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    (for all\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    and resistant\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) shedding at different time points, contrasting with trends seen in other bacteria. However, due to this being a pilot study, we only included a small number of farms and expansion to include additional farms would be beneficial. Certain temporal and farm-level factors influencing shedding were identified which warrant further investigation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2026.1941023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T05:31:55Z","timestamp":1789536715000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pilot longitudinal observational study of the effect of common stress events on the shedding of antimicrobial resistant E. coli during the pig and poultry production cycle"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Megan E.","family":"Rawlins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency","place":["Addlestone, United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Martelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency","place":["Addlestone, United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Oastler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency","place":["Addlestone, United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Stronati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency","place":["Addlestone, United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard P.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiological Sciences, Animal and Plant Health Agency","place":["Addlestone, United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1902","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkaf145","article-title":"Decreasing antimicrobial resistance in representative UK livestock species was associated with reduced total sales of antimicrobials in the last decade","volume":"80","author":"El Nagar","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e06651","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2021.6651","article-title":"Role played by the environment in the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) through the food chain","volume":"19","author":"Koutsoumanis","year":"2021","journal-title":"EFSA J"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2009.0315","article-title":"Can stress in farm animals increase food safety risk?","volume":"6","author":"Rostagno","year":"2009","journal-title":"Foodborne Pathog Dis"},{"key":"ref4","volume-title":"UK Veterinary Antibiotic Resistance and Sales Surveillance Report","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1053\/rvsc.2000.0436","article-title":"Effects of stressors on immune parameters and on the faecal shedding of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in piglets following experimental inoculation","volume":"70","author":"Jones","year":"2001","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"1503","article-title":"Analysis of the Baseline Survey on the Prevalence of Campylobacter in Broiler Batches and of Campylobacter and Salmonella on Broiler Carcasses in the EU, Part A: Campylobacter and Salmonella Prevalence Estimates","volume-title":"EFSA J","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref7","article-title":"WHO\u2019s List of Medically Important Antimicrobials: a risk management tool for mitigating antimicrobial resistance due to non-human use","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref8","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"101","article-title":"Correlation between Apramycin and Gentamicin use in Pigs and an Increasing Reservoir of Gentamicin-Resistant Escherichia coli","volume-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother","author":"Jensen","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e06971","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2021.6971","article-title":"The European Union one health 2020 zoonoses report","volume":"19","year":"2021","journal-title":"EFSA J"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"3715","article-title":"Fecal carriage and shedding density of CTX-M extended-Spectrum \u03b2-Lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in cattle, chickens, and pigs: implications for environmental contamination and food production","volume-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol","author":"Horton","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2006.53","article-title":"Handling may cause increased shedding of Escherichia coli and total coliforms in pigs","volume":"4","author":"Dowd","year":"2007","journal-title":"Foodborne Pathog Dis"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.3390\/microbiolres15020063","article-title":"Outcomes of microbiological challenges in poultry transport: a mini review of the reasons for effective bacterial control","volume":"15","author":"dos Santos","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microbiol Res"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Veterinary Science"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fvets.2026.1941023\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T05:31:56Z","timestamp":1789536716000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fvets.2026.1941023\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"references-count":13,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fvets.2026.1941023"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fvets.2026.1941023","relation":{},"ISSN":["2297-1769"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2297-1769","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"article-number":"1941023"}}