{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T16:08:19Z","timestamp":1790093299847,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Accurate characterization of estrus and ovulation is critical for effective artificial insemination (AI) in pigs, yet comparative data on ovulatory dynamics among Yorkshire, Duroc, and Landrace \u00d7 Yorkshire gilts remain scarce. In this study, transabdominal ultrasound was used to monitor ovarian activity in these three genetic lines following altrenogest-based estrus synchronization. For each genetic line, gilts were monitored at 8-h intervals. Landrace \u00d7 Yorkshire crossbred gilts exhibited a significantly shorter altrenogest-withdrawal-to-ovulation interval (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &amp;lt; 0.05). In the full cohorts (Yorkshire,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 200; Duroc,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 90; Landrace \u00d7 Yorkshire,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 504), Yorkshire gilts had the highest litter size, whereas Duroc gilts developed larger pre-ovulatory follicles (based on a subset of 17 gilts per breed) but had lower litter size. A negative correlation between estrus-onset timing and the estrus-to-ovulation interval was observed across all genetic lines. Farrowing rates exceeded 90% in all groups. These findings provide critical physiological data for designing breed-specific precision breeding strategies in commercial pig production.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2026.1946137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T15:35:57Z","timestamp":1790091357000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Follicular dynamics predict optimal insemination timing in Yorkshire, Duroc, and Landrace \u00d7 Yorkshire gilts"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Zhicheng","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Agriculture, Jinhua University of Vocational Technology","place":["Jinhua, China"]},{"name":"Jinhua Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Improvement on Jinhua Pig","place":["Jinhua, China"]},{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lichun","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Agriculture, Jinhua University of Vocational Technology","place":["Jinhua, China"]},{"name":"Jinhua Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Improvement on Jinhua Pig","place":["Jinhua, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanli","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Agriculture, Jinhua University of Vocational Technology","place":["Jinhua, China"]},{"name":"Jinhua Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Improvement on Jinhua Pig","place":["Jinhua, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Agriculture, Jinhua University of Vocational Technology","place":["Jinhua, China"]},{"name":"Jinhua Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Improvement on Jinhua Pig","place":["Jinhua, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Agriculture, Jinhua University of Vocational Technology","place":["Jinhua, China"]},{"name":"Jinhua Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Improvement on Jinhua Pig","place":["Jinhua, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenchao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changnong, Da Bei Nong Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Food Co., Ltd, Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture","place":["Yunnan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junrong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Agriculture, Jinhua University of Vocational Technology","place":["Jinhua, China"]},{"name":"Jinhua Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Improvement on Jinhua Pig","place":["Jinhua, 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