{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T03:54:19Z","timestamp":1788580459034,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]],"date-time":"2024-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oncol.Rev."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Peritoneal metastases (PM) are the spread of tumor forms into the peritoneum as metastases from another organ. PM is a frequent condition in metastatic gastrointestinal cancer (colorectal, gastric, pancreatic, appendiceal, and cholangiocarcinoma); their presence confers a poor prognosis, reducing patient survival. The standard treatment consists of systemic chemotherapy according to current guidelines. In recent years, scientific evidence has shown how combined cytoreductive surgery (CRS) techniques followed by hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) can improve survival in this patient population. Despite the results still obtained, using this combined technique is still under discussion. This review aims to highlight the benefits and limitations of this combined procedure, which is already widely used to treat peritoneal metastases in gynecological tumors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/or.2024.1496141","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]],"date-time":"2024-11-26T04:27:08Z","timestamp":1732595228000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Cytoreductive surgery followed by hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy applications in upper and lower gastrointestinal cancer, a review"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Denise","family":"Drittone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca Matilde","family":"Schipilliti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Arrivi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Mazzuca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6979","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v19.i41.6979","article-title":"Peritoneal carcinomatosis","volume":"19","author":"Coccolini","year":"2013","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21749","article-title":"The contemporary management of peritoneal metastasis: a journey from the cold past of treatment futility to a warm present and a bright future","volume":"73","author":"Foster","year":"2023","journal-title":"CA: A Cancer J Clinicians"},{"key":"B3","volume-title":"Linee guida tumori peritoneali primitivi e secondari","year":"2021"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1456","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11051456","article-title":"HIPEC in peritoneal metastasis of gastric origin: a systematic review of regimens and techniques","volume":"11","author":"Gronau","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3484","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v25.i27.3484","article-title":"Colorectal peritoneal metastases: optimal management review","volume":"25","author":"S\u00e1nchez-Hidalgo","year":"2019","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1560","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-010-1522-1","article-title":"Influence of modern systemic therapies as adjunct to cytoreduction and perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy for patients with colorectal peritoneal carcinomatosis: a multicenter study","volume":"18","author":"Chua","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2011.05.011","article-title":"Management of peritoneal carcinomatosis from colorectal cancer","volume":"38","author":"Ihemelandu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Semin Oncol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s13193-018-0856-1","article-title":"Prevention and treatment of peritoneal metastases: a comprehensive review","volume":"10","author":"Sugarbaker","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7819-7-5","article-title":"Peritoneal carcinomatosis: patients selection, perioperative complications and quality of life related to cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy","volume":"7","author":"Glockzin","year":"2009","journal-title":"World J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-017-6315-3","article-title":"PCI is not predictive of survival after complete CRS\/HIPEC in peritoneal dissemination from high-grade appendiceal primaries","volume":"25","author":"Votanopoulos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.3978\/j.issn.2078-6891.2015.106","article-title":"Then and now: cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC), a historical perspective","volume":"7","author":"Neuwirth","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Oncol"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs5.50257","article-title":"Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy: a review of the introduction of a new surgical technology using the IDEAL framework","volume":"4","author":"Tate","year":"2020","journal-title":"BJS Open"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-21-0353","article-title":"Intraperitoneal pretargeted radioimmunotherapy for colorectal peritoneal carcinomatosis","volume":"21","author":"Chandler","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol Cancer Ther"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.122.265095","article-title":"Efficacy of HER2-targeted intraperitoneal 225Ac \u03b1-pretargeted radioimmunotherapy for small-volume ovarian peritoneal carcinomatosis","volume":"64","author":"Chung","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2266","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-016-5148-9","article-title":"Efficacy of early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy after complete surgical resection of peritoneal metastasis from colorectal cancer: a case-control study from a single center","volume":"23","author":"Park","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"B16","article-title":"Peritoneal cancer","volume-title":"StatPearls","author":"Anwar","year":"2024"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795390","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.795390","article-title":"Effect of HIPEC on peritoneal recurrence in peritoneal metastasis treated with cytoreductive surgery: a systematic review","volume":"11","author":"Yap","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e05","DOI":"10.1097\/IJ9.0000000000000005","article-title":"Management of peritoneal surface malignancies in laparoscopic era: a concise review","volume":"1","author":"Shaligram","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.21037\/tgh.2016.07.03","article-title":"Morbidity and mortality of cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer","volume":"1","author":"Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31288-5","article-title":"Gastric cancer","volume":"396","author":"Smyth","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2008.04.002","article-title":"Postoperative adverse events and long-term survival after cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy","volume":"35","author":"Hansson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol (Ejso)"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800830605","article-title":"Strategies to decrease the incidence of intra-abdominal recurrence in resectable gastric cancer","volume":"83","author":"Averbach","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Br Surg"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2016.06.401","article-title":"Staging laparoscopy in gastric cancer to detect peritoneal metastases: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"42","author":"Ramos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol (Ejso)"},{"key":"B24","article-title":"Clinical practice guidelines in oncology (NCCN Guidelines\u00ae)","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gastric Cancer"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-011-1631-5","article-title":"Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy improves survival of patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis from gastric cancer: final results of a phase III randomized clinical trial","volume":"18","author":"Yang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.26894","article-title":"Current role for cytoreduction and HIPEC for gastric cancer with peritoneal disease","volume":"125","author":"Khan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.22.02867","article-title":"Effect of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy on cytoreductive surgery in gastric cancer with synchronous peritoneal metastases: the phase III GASTRIPEC-I trial","volume":"42","author":"Rau","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.2174\/1389450121999201117115717","article-title":"Colorectal cancer epidemiology: recent trends and impact on outcomes","volume":"22","author":"Baidoun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Drug Targets"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.cn.441530-20201105-00592","article-title":"Strategies and challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer peritoneal metastasis","volume":"24","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000197702.46394.16","article-title":"Peritoneal carcinomatosis of colorectal origin: incidence and current treatment strategies","volume":"243","author":"Koppe","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"650098","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.650098","article-title":"Peritoneal metastases from colorectal cancer: defining and addressing the challenges","volume":"11","author":"Kranenburg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1007\/s13193-016-0499-z","article-title":"Cytoreductive surgery plus HIPEC for peritoneal metastases from colorectal cancer","volume":"7","author":"Bhatt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD001545","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001545","article-title":"Palliative chemotherapy for advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer. Colorectal Meta-analysis Collaboration","volume":"2000","author":"Best","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2888","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2021.05.023","article-title":"The impact of PRODIGE 7 on the current worldwide practice of CRS-HIPEC for colorectal peritoneal metastases: a web-based survey and 2021 statement by Peritoneal Surface Oncology Group International (PSOGI)","volume":"47","author":"van de Vlasakker","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"zrae017","DOI":"10.1093\/bjsopen\/zrae049","article-title":"Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in colorectal cancer","volume":"8","author":"Rau","year":"2024","journal-title":"BJS Open"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2010.05.025","article-title":"Primary appendiceal carcinoma--epidemiology, surgery and survival: results of a German multi-center study","volume":"36","author":"Benedix","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol (Ejso)"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2019.06.015","article-title":"Early recurrence in peritoneal metastasis of appendiceal neoplasm: survival and prognostic factors","volume":"45","author":"Kyang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3284","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2004.10.012","article-title":"Cytoreductive surgery combined with perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy for the management of peritoneal carcinomatosis from colorectal cancer: a multi-institutional study","volume":"22","author":"Glehen","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2020.08.003","article-title":"Germline genetic variability in pancreatic cancer risk and prognosis","volume":"79","author":"Gentiluomo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Semin Cancer Biol"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pan.2021.03.006","article-title":"Improved prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients with peritoneal metastasis","volume":"21","author":"Takeda","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pancreatology"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S91","DOI":"10.21037\/jgo-20-46","article-title":"Hyperthermic intra-operative intraperitoneal chemotherapy as an adjuvant to pancreatic cancer resection","volume":"12","author":"Tentes","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Oncol"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-022-12328-z","article-title":"Cytoreduction with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemoperfusion for pancreatic cancer with low-volume peritoneal metastasis: results from a prospective pilot study","volume":"30","author":"Grotz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2168","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61903-0","article-title":"Cholangiocarcinoma","volume":"383","author":"Razumilava","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"v28","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdw324","article-title":"Biliary cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up","volume":"27","author":"Valle","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e6697","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.6697","article-title":"Peritoneal Metastasis of Cholangiocarcinoma Treated with Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy at the Instituto Nacional de Cancerolog\u00eda, Colombia","volume":"12","author":"Hernandez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.51.suppl_6.vi1","article-title":"Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of cholangiocarcinoma: consensus document","volume":"51","author":"Khan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2021.05.014","article-title":"Cytoreductive surgery combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy vs. cytoreductive surgery alone for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with peritoneal metastases: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"47","author":"Feng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-14-183","article-title":"GASTRICHIP: D2 resection and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in locally advanced gastric carcinoma: a randomized and multicenter phase III study","volume":"14","author":"Glehen","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-023-14415-1","article-title":"Gastrectomy + cytoreductive surgery + HIPEC for gastric cancer with peritoneal dissemination (PERISCOPE II)","volume":"31","author":"Sarvestani","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.22.02644","article-title":"Adjuvant hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced colon cancer (COLOPEC): 5-year results of a randomized multicenter trial","volume":"42","author":"Zwanenburg","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6443","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12206443","article-title":"The role of prophylactic and adjuvant hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in prevention of peritoneal metastases in advanced colorectal cancer","volume":"12","author":"Sun","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sajce.2023.08.009","article-title":"An overview of nanoparticles in drug delivery: properties and applications","volume":"46","author":"Hsu","year":"2023","journal-title":"South Afr J Chem Eng"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13081151","article-title":"Advanced and innovative nano-systems for anticancer targeted drug delivery","volume":"13","author":"Tang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4314","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15174314","article-title":"Effects of hyperthermia and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemoperfusion on the peritoneal and tumor immune contexture","volume":"15","author":"Chia","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2383","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15082383","article-title":"Immunotherapy for peritoneal carcinomatosis: challenges and prospective outcomes","volume":"15","author":"Ornella","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2019.04.014","article-title":"ImmunoPeCa trial: long-term outcome following intraperitoneal MOC31PE immunotoxin treatment in colorectal peritoneal metastasis","volume":"47","author":"Fr\u00f8ysnes","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"}],"container-title":["Oncology Reviews"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/or.2024.1496141\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]],"date-time":"2024-11-26T04:27:14Z","timestamp":1732595234000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/or.2024.1496141\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]]},"references-count":56,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/or.2024.1496141"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/or.2024.1496141","relation":{},"ISSN":["1970-5557"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1970-5557","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]]},"article-number":"1496141"}}