{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T06:16:13Z","timestamp":1783577773478,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783555200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oncol. Rev."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Direct head-to-head randomized comparisons among emerging therapies are limited, making it difficult to determine the optimal subsequent-line treatment for advanced triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). This study aimed to systematically compare the relative efficacy of second- and later-line regimens using a Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and\n                      <jats:ext-link>ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      were searched to 30 September 2025 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of second-\/later-line advanced TNBC. A Bayesian NMA estimated effects on objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). SUCRA was used for ranking, and model convergence was assessed by Gelman-Rubin diagnostics. Single-arm studies were included only in sensitivity analyses using a down-weighted binomial model for ORR. Additional sensitivity analyses included ChemoC node splitting and evidence certainty assessment (CINeMA).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty-one RCTs and 34 single-arm studies (11,048 patients; 22 regimens) were included. Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC)-based therapies showed the most favorable efficacy overall. Sacituzumab govitecan (SG), sacituzumab tirumotecan (ST), and trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) ranked highest for ORR and PFS, with consistent benefits for SG and ST versus chemotherapy. T-DXd showed benefit mainly in HER2-low, HR-negative patients. For OS, SG and ST demonstrated clear advantages, while T-DXd showed non-significant effects. Combination chemotherapy outperformed single-agent chemotherapy for ORR and PFS. PARP inhibitors and PD-1\u2013based regimens showed inconsistent efficacy across outcomes. Sensitivity analyses confirmed that incorporating single-arm data and separating chemotherapy nodes did not materially change treatment rankings or overall conclusions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ADCs, particularly SG and ST, were generally associated with favorable efficacy across outcomes in the subsequent-line treatment of advanced TNBC. These results may support clinical decision-making, although heterogeneity in study populations and the absence of direct comparisons highlight the need for further head-to-head trials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/or.2026.1834466","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T05:36:19Z","timestamp":1783575379000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparative efficacy of subsequent-line therapies for advanced triple-negative breast cancer: a bayesian network meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Zheng","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mathematics, Beijing Normal University","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linxian","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Shidong Hospital Affiliated to University of Shanghai for Science and Technology","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tai","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Shidong Hospital Affiliated to University of Shanghai for Science and Technology","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhoumin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Shidong Hospital Affiliated to University of Shanghai for Science and Technology","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.71480\/nmj.v66i3.894","article-title":"Profile of triple negative breast cancer: a retrospective 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