{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T20:13:20Z","timestamp":1789071200352,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]],"date-time":"2021-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["por-journal.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pathol. Oncol. Res."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective:<\/jats:bold> Specificity protein 1 (SP1) plays a vital role to promote carcinogenesis in a variety of tumors, and its up-regulated expression is reported to be a hinter of poor prognosis of patients. We conducted this meta-analysis to elucidate the clinical significance and prognostic value of SP1 in malignant tumors.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> PubMed and Cochrane Library were searched for studies published between January 1, 2000 and June 1, 2020. The combined odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were used to investigate the correlation of SP1 with clinical behaviors and prognosis in patients with solid tumors. UALCAN was used to conduct bioinformatics analysis.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> A total of 24 documents involving 2,739 patients were enrolled in our review. The random-effect model was used to perform this analysis due to the high level of heterogeneity. SP1 low expression was not conducive to lymph node metastasis (OR = 0.42; 95% CI: 0.28-0.64; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05), progression of TNM stage (OR = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.20-0.57; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05) and tumor infiltration (OR = 0.33; 95% CI: 0.18-0.60; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05). Elevated SP1 expression was connected with shorter survival time of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer and esophageal cancer (HR = 1.95; 95% CI: 1.16-3.28; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05). According to UALCAN database, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, colon cancer and lung adenocarcinoma display an elevated SP1 expression in comparison with normal tissues. Kaplan-Meier survival plots indicate SP1 mRNA level has negative effects on prognosis of liver hepatocellular carcinoma and brain lower grade glioma.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> SP1 was associated with lymph node metastasis, TNM stage and depth of invasion, and indicated poor clinical outcome, which brought new insights on the potential candidacy of SP1 in clinical usage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/pore.2021.581998","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]],"date-time":"2021-01-28T17:25:59Z","timestamp":1611854759000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["SP1 Expression and the Clinicopathological Features of Tumors: A Meta-Analysis and Bioinformatics Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Yue","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Gan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuangzheng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.13148","article-title":"Sp1 and the \u2018hallmarks of cancer\u2019","volume":"282","author":"Beishline","year":"2015","journal-title":"FEBS J"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.1.07016","article-title":"Estrogen receptor regulates insulin-like growth factor-I receptor gene expression in breast tumor cells: involvement of transcription factor Sp1","volume":"191","author":"Maor","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. 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Differentiation of mesothelioma and lung adenocarcinoma","volume":"13","author":"Ordonez","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am. J. Surg. Pathol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e44917","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0044917","article-title":"Predictive value of Sp1\/Sp3\/FLIP signature for prostate cancer recurrence","volume":"7","author":"Bedolla","year":"2012","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2143","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M116.770727","article-title":"RYBP expression is regulated by KLF4 and Sp1 and is related to hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis","volume":"292","author":"Zhao","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1186\/s40659-018-0200-9","article-title":"MicroRNA-382 inhibits cell growth and migration in colorectal cancer by targeting SP1","volume":"51","author":"Ren","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biol. 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