{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T20:34:28Z","timestamp":1789590868922,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,16]],"date-time":"2024-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721088000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["por-journal.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pathol. Oncol. Res."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Despite the availability of many novel therapies for multiple myeloma, it remains an incurable disease with relapse fated in almost all patients. In the era of modern agents, second autologous stem cell transplantation still holds its role in patients relapsing after first-line autologous transplant. The authors reviewed a single-center experience with a second auto-SCT for relapsed multiple myeloma. Thirty patients had received a salvage auto-SCT at the institution. The median follow-up after diagnosis was 86\u00a0months, and the median time between transplants was 59.1\u00a0months. Response before second ASCT was the following: CR \u2013 11 cases, VGPR \u2013 9 cases, PR \u2013 10 cases. Most patients received reduced dose (140\u00a0mg\/m2) of melphalan as a conditioning regimen for the second auto-SCT. Treatment-related mortality was 3%. With a median follow-up time of 34\u00a0months after the second transplant, median progression-free survival was 24\u00a0months. The median PFS in the patients achieving CR or VGPR at day 100 after the second transplantation was 32\u00a0months. By 15\u00a0months, all patients achieved only partial remission progressed, with a median PFS of 8.5\u00a0months. During the follow-up period, no MDS or AML developed, and the frequency of second malignancy was also low, 3%. In conclusion, second autologous stem cell transplantation is a well-tolerated and effective treatment option for relapsed multiple myeloma in selected patients, though with a shorter PFS than in first remission.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/pore.2024.1611851","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,16]],"date-time":"2024-07-16T04:11:22Z","timestamp":1721103082000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The efficacy and safety of second salvage autologous transplantation in myeloma patients"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Reka Rahel","family":"Bicsko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renata","family":"Nyilas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Szasz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laszlo","family":"Varoczy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Attila","family":"Kiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miklos","family":"Udvardy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arpad","family":"Illes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lajos","family":"Gergely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","first-page":"71","article-title":"Bone marrow transplantation in multiple myeloma","volume":"7","author":"Barlogie","year":"1991","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transpl"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1838","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2402613","article-title":"Long-term results (12 years) of high-dose therapy in 127 patients with de novo multiple myeloma","volume":"16","author":"Moreau","year":"2002","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2003.04067.x","article-title":"Tandem transplants with different high-dose regimens improve the complete remission rates in multiple myeloma. 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