{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T05:51:22Z","timestamp":1776059482296,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776038400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["por-journal.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pathol. Oncol. Res."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Leiomyomas of the gastrointestinal tract (GI) are benign smooth muscle neoplasms with limited genetic characterization. Molecular investigations may improve diagnostic classification and enhance understanding of their biological behavior.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>RNA sequencing using multiple fusion-detection algorithms was performed on an ileal leiomyoma. Key findings were validated by RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A\n                      <jats:italic>MYH11::GLI3<\/jats:italic>\n                      fusion was identified. Additional chimeric transcripts were detected but interpreted as secondary events based on limited read support. The biological relevance of\n                      <jats:italic>MYH11::GLI3<\/jats:italic>\n                      relates to smooth muscle specific\n                      <jats:italic>MYH11<\/jats:italic>\n                      expression and\n                      <jats:italic>GLI3<\/jats:italic>\n                      -mediated Hedgehog signaling.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study reports, for the first time, the identification of a MYH11::GLI3 chimera in gastrointestinal leiomyoma, thereby expanding the molecular spectrum of these tumors. Deregulation of GLI3 may represent an alternative mechanism of Hedgehog pathway perturbation in this neoplasm. The frequency and clinical significance of GLI3-rearranged gastrointestinal smooth muscle tumors remain to be determined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/pore.2026.1612375","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T05:10:15Z","timestamp":1776057015000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Novel MYH11::GLI3 fusion in ileal leiomyoma"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Ioannis","family":"Panagopoulos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section for Cancer Cytogenetics, Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet","place":["Oslo, Norway"]},{"name":"Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet","place":["Oslo, Norway"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ingvild","family":"Lobmaier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet","place":["Oslo, Norway"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.32074\/1591-951x-309","article-title":"Mesenchymal tumours of the gastrointestinal tract","volume":"113","author":"Sbaraglia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pathologica"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.3390\/gidisord6010019","article-title":"Mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract-beyond GIST-a review","volume":"6","author":"Gama","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gastrointest Disord"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1097\/PAP.0000000000000469","article-title":"Mesenchymal tumors of the tubular gastrointestinal tract (non-gist): the gi pathologist's approach","volume":"32","author":"K\u0151v\u00e1ri","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv Anat Pathol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17588359231192388","DOI":"10.1177\/17588359231192388","article-title":"GEIS guidelines for gastrointestinal stromal tumors","volume":"15","author":"Serrano","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ther Adv Med Oncol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-024-02672-0","article-title":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST): british sarcoma group clinical practice guidelines","volume":"132","author":"Judson","year":"2025","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.28209","article-title":"Cytogenetic and molecular analyses of 291 gastrointestinal stromal tumors: site-specific cytogenetic evolution as evidence of pathogenetic heterogeneity","volume":"13","author":"Gorunova","year":"2022","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-016-1075-6","article-title":"FGFR1 and NTRK3 actionable alterations in \u201cWild-Type\u201d gastrointestinal stromal tumors","volume":"14","author":"Shi","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1002\/gcc.22991","article-title":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumors with BRAF gene fusions. 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