{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T22:07:33Z","timestamp":1780438053955,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759190400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontierspartnerships.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transpl. Int."],"abstract":"<jats:p>T-cell depleting agents and IL-2 receptor blockers are the most common induction therapies in simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation (SPKT), but the optimal choice remains debated. Here, we perform a retrospective, single-center study with SPKT recipients from 2000 to 2023. Basiliximab was used between 2008 and 2013, and thymoglobulin in other periods. Patients with prior transplants, calculated PRA &amp;gt;20%, pre-SPKT Donor-Specific Antibodies or graft primary non-function because technical reasons, were excluded. An Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting (IPTW) was performed to adjust for confounding variables. 305 SPKT recipients were included, of which 172 (56%) received thymoglobulin and 133 (44%) basiliximab. Recipient (86% vs. 80%), pancreas (86% vs. 83%) and kidney (84% vs. 89%) death-censored graft survival at 20 years were comparable between groups. Basiliximab was not associated with an increased risk of patient death [HR 1.47 (0.69\u20133.14), P = 0.32], pancreas [HR 1.08 (0.55\u20132.10), P = 0.83] or kidney graft failure [HR 0.80 (0.38\u20131.70), P = 0.56] compared to thymoglobulin. Basiliximab did not significantly increase the risk of pancreas [OR 1.49 (0.84\u20132.63), P = 0.37] or kidney graft rejection [OR 1.31 (0.54\u20133.15), P = 0.20]. However, it was associated with significantly lower risk of CMV [OR 0.41 (0.23\u20130.72), P = 0.002] and BK virus infections [OR 0.31 (0.12\u20130.80), P = 0.02]. No significant difference was found in new-onset malignancy incidence. These results were maintained even after IPTW adjustment. In SPKT recipients with low immunological risk, basiliximab provides comparable long-term patient and graft outcomes to thymoglobulin while reducing the incidence of opportunistic infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/ti.2025.15263","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T05:10:27Z","timestamp":1759209027000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Impact of Induction Therapy in Low Immunological Risk Simultaneous Pancreas-Kidney Transplantation"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Enrique","family":"Montagud-Marrahi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana","family":"Rodriguez-Gonzalo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joan","family":"Vidiella-Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Blanca Martin","family":"\u00c1lvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irving","family":"Gaston 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