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Ecol. Evol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Theraphosinae is the most diverse subfamily of Theraphosidae spiders, but their evolutionary history remains unresolved to date. This problem is common in taxonomic groups with phylogenetic hypotheses that have often been based only on qualitative morphological characters and, rarely, on molecular analyses. Phylogenomics has significantly contributed to the understanding of the evolution of many non-model groups, such as spiders. Herein, we employed ultraconserved elements (UCEs) phylogenomics to propose a new hypothesis for a group of Theraphosinae genera, namely Lasiodoriforms: <jats:italic>Vitalius, Lasiodora, Eupalaestrus, Pterinopelma, Proshapalopus<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Nhandu<\/jats:italic>. We propose three genera and their respective morphological diagnoses are provided. Our phylogeny supports the transfer of species from the genus <jats:italic>Vitalius<\/jats:italic> to <jats:italic>Pterinopelma<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Proshapalopus<\/jats:italic> and from <jats:italic>Proshapalopus<\/jats:italic> to <jats:italic>Eupalaestrus<\/jats:italic>. Finally, we describe a new species of <jats:italic>Vitalius<\/jats:italic> from Southern Brazil. Based on these three new generic descriptions and transferred species, the Lasiodoriform tarantulas comprise nine genera from Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay, and the genus <jats:italic>Vitalius<\/jats:italic> now includes seven species.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fevo.2023.1177627","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]],"date-time":"2023-06-15T04:42:50Z","timestamp":1686804170000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Phylogenomics of Lasiodoriforms: reclassification of the South American genus Vitalius Lucas, Silva and Bertani and allied genera (Araneae: Theraphosidae)"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Arthur","family":"Galleti-Lima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chris A.","family":"Hamilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leandro M.","family":"Borges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Paulo L.","family":"Guadanucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1093\/sysbio\/syr041","article-title":"Survey of branch support methods demonstrates accuracy, power, and robustness of fast likelihood-based approximation schemes","volume":"60","author":"Anisimova","year":"2011","journal-title":"System. 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