{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T21:36:51Z","timestamp":1768340211438,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,20]],"date-time":"2025-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nutr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Obesity is a public health problem worldwide, and body composition assessment is a very important diagnostic tool. Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) is a fast, non-invasive, relatively low-cost, and user-friendly technique; however, to obtain greater validity of the estimates, the predictive equations used must be population specific. Thus, the objectives of this study were: (1) to test the validity of four BIA equations used for fat-free mass (FFM) estimation and one model for fat mass (FM) estimation in adults with overweight or obesity; (2) develop and cross-validate new equations to estimate FFM to adults with overweight or obesity, and specific for those with obesity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The non-probabilistic sample included 269 individuals, 53.2% with overweight and 46.8% with obesity, aged 18\u201379 years, randomly divided into two groups: development (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 178) and cross-validation (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 91), stratified by sex and classification as overweight or obese. The criterion technique was dual-energy-x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), whereas a tetrapolar single-frequency BIA equipment was used as the alternative method. Paired t-test, multiple regression, concordance correlation coefficient, and Bland\u2013Altman analysis were used.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Most existing equations were not valid and new equations were derived: (1) for individuals with overweight or obesity: CCC = 0.982; r<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 0.95; standard error of estimate (SEE) = 2.50 kg; limits of agreement (LOA) = -5.0 to 4.8; and (2) specific for individuals with obesity: CCC = 0.968; r<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 0.94; SEE = 2.53 kg; LOA = -5.3 to 5.2. No FFM differences were observed between the new models and the reference method (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;gt; 0.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The new proposed models provide valid options to estimate FFM in an adult population with overweight\/obesity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2025.1499752","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,20]],"date-time":"2025-01-20T05:24:10Z","timestamp":1737350650000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Development and cross-validation of predictive equations for fat-free mass estimation by bioelectrical impedance analysis in Brazilian subjects with overweight and obesity"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Kalina Veruska Da Silva Bezerra","family":"Masset","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Analiza M.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Gerson","family":"Ferrari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Breno Guilherme De Ara\u00fajo Tinoco","family":"Cabral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Paulo Moreira Silva","family":"Dantas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Roberto Fernandes","family":"Da Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-019-1919-y","article-title":"Why primary obesity is a disease?","volume":"17","author":"De Lorenzo","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/s2213-8587(19)30026-9","article-title":"The obesity transition: stages of the global epidemic","volume":"7","author":"Jaacks","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph14040435","article-title":"Economic burden of obesity: a systematic literature review","volume":"14","author":"Tremmel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2016.01.003","article-title":"Adipocytokines, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers of clinical relevance altered in young overweight\/obese subjects","volume":"49","author":"Chielle","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Biochem"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S294368","article-title":"Markers of chronic inflammation in overweight and obese individuals and the role of gender: a cross-sectional study of a large cohort","volume":"14","author":"Cohen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Inflamm Res"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30175-1","article-title":"Body-mass index and all-cause mortality: individual-participant-data meta-analysis of 239 prospective studies in four continents","volume":"388","author":"Di Angelantonio","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref7","volume-title":"Obesity: Preventing and managing the global epidemic: Report of a WHO consultation","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"888507","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.888507","article-title":"The body adiposity index is not applicable to the Brazilian adult population","volume":"9","author":"Ribeiro da Costa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1038\/s41430-021-00946-x","article-title":"Development and cross-validation of predictive equations for fat-free mass and lean soft tissue mass by bioelectrical impedance in Brazilian women","volume":"76","author":"Costa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.820736","article-title":"Development and cross-validation of a predictive equation for fat-free mass in Brazilian adolescents by bioelectrical impedance. 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