{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T13:38:43Z","timestamp":1768743523926,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":160,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]],"date-time":"2021-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635206400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Plant Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Plant phenotyping is an emerging science that combines multiple methodologies and protocols to measure plant traits (e.g., growth, morphology, architecture, function, and composition) at multiple scales of organization. Manual phenotyping remains as a major bottleneck to the advance of plant and crop breeding. Such constraint fostered the development of high throughput plant phenotyping (HTPP), which is largely based on imaging approaches and automatized data retrieval and processing. Field phenotyping still poses major challenges and the progress of HTPP for field conditions can be relevant to support selection and breeding of grapevine. The aim of this review is to discuss potential and current methods to improve field phenotyping of grapevine to support characterization of inter- and intravarietal diversity. <jats:italic>Vitis vinifera<\/jats:italic> has a large genetic diversity that needs characterization, and the availability of methods to support selection of plant material (polyclonal or clonal) able to withstand abiotic stress is paramount. Besides being time consuming, complex and expensive, field experiments are also affected by heterogeneous and uncontrolled climate and soil conditions, mostly due to the large areas of the trials and to the high number of traits to be observed in a number of individuals ranging from hundreds to thousands. Therefore, adequate field experimental design and data gathering methodologies are crucial to obtain reliable data. Some of the major challenges posed to grapevine selection programs for tolerance to water and heat stress are described herein. Useful traits for selection and related field phenotyping methodologies are described and their adequacy for large scale screening is discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2021.718202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]],"date-time":"2021-10-26T04:46:26Z","timestamp":1635223586000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Potential Phenotyping Methodologies to Assess Inter- and Intravarietal Variability and to Select Grapevine Genotypes Tolerant to Abiotic Stress"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Lu\u00edsa C.","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Elsa F.","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Marques da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J. Miguel","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compag.2019.02.017","article-title":"A Bayesian framework for joint structure and colour based pixel-wise classification of grapevine proximal images","volume":"158","author":"Abdelghafour","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comput. Electron. Agric."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1111\/J.1364-3703.2004.00262.X","article-title":"Evaluation of tolerance to Pierce\u2019s disease and Botrytis in transgenic plants of Vitis vinifera L. expressing the pear PGIP gene","volume":"6","author":"Ag\u00fcero","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. Plant Pathol."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1071\/FP13126","article-title":"Development and evaluation of a field-based high-throughput phenotyping platform","volume":"41","author":"Andrade-Sanchez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Funct. Plant Biol."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tplants.2018.02.001","article-title":"Translating high-throughput phenotyping into genetic gain","volume":"23","author":"Araus","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1007\/s11119-012-9295-0","article-title":"Leaf area index estimation in vineyards using a ground-based LiDAR scanner","volume":"14","author":"Arn\u00f3","year":"2013","journal-title":"Precis. Agric."},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6392","DOI":"10.3390\/app11146392","article-title":"Comparing machine learning methods for classifying plant drought stress from leaf reflectance spectra in Arabidopsis thaliana","volume":"11","author":"Barradas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agwat.2015.07.016","article-title":"Differences among grapevine cultivars in their stomatal behavior and water use efficiency under progressive water stress","volume":"164","author":"Bota","year":"2016","journal-title":"Agric. Water Manag."},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108555","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2019.108555","article-title":"Drought phenotyping in Vitis vinifera using RGB and NIR imaging","volume":"256","author":"Briglia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.15899","article-title":"How do stomata respond to water status?","volume":"224","author":"Buckley","year":"2019","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1111\/ppl.12857","article-title":"Cutting the Gordian knot of abiotic stress in grapevine: From the test tube to climate change adaptation","volume":"165","author":"Carvalho","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiol. Plant."},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1111\/plb.12410","article-title":"Differential physiological response of the grapevine varieties Touriga Nacional and Trincadeira to combined heat, drought and light stresses","volume":"18","author":"Carvalho","year":"2016","journal-title":"Plant Biol."},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599230","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2020.599230","article-title":"Selecting Aragonez genotypes able to outplay climate change\u2013driven abiotic stress","volume":"11","author":"Carvalho","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1835","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2017.01835","article-title":"Design of a custom RT-qPCR array for assignment of abiotic stress tolerance in traditional Portuguese grapevine varieties","volume":"8","author":"Carvalho","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2017.01509","article-title":"Chlorophyll fluorescence imaging uncovers photosynthetic fingerprint of citrus Huanglongbing","volume":"8","author":"Cen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1093\/aob\/mcq030","article-title":"Grapevine under deficit irrigation: hints from physiological and molecular data","volume":"105","author":"Chaves","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. Bot."},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2014.09.119","article-title":"Predicting the anthocyanin content of wine grapes by NIR hyperspectral imaging","volume":"172","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1186\/s12870-019-2014-5","article-title":"Transcriptional regulation of stilbene synthases in grapevine germplasm differentially susceptible to downy mildew","volume":"19","author":"Ciaffi","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Plant Biol."},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.2134\/agronj1989.00021962008100060004x","article-title":"Evaluating plant water stress with canopy temperature differences","volume":"81","author":"Clawson","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Agron."},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agwat.2018.06.001","article-title":"Canopy and soil thermal patterns to support water and heat stress management in vineyards","volume":"216","author":"Costa","year":"","journal-title":"Agric. Water Manag."},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3937","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/ert029","article-title":"Thermography to explore plant-environment interactions","volume":"64","author":"Costa","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2019.01125","article-title":"Opportunities and limitations of crop phenotyping in southern European countries","volume":"10","author":"Costa","year":"","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1071\/FP11156","article-title":"Grapevine varieties exhibiting differences in stomatal response to water deficit","volume":"39","author":"Costa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Funct. Plant Biol."},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1933","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2018.01933","article-title":"Plant phenotyping research trends, a science mapping approach","volume":"9","author":"Costa","year":"","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6205","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/eru228","article-title":"Genetic variation in a grapevine progeny (Vitis vinifera L. cvs Grenache x Syrah) reveals inconsistencies between maintenance of daytime leaf water potential and response of transpiration rate under drought","volume":"65","author":"Coupel-Ledru","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1198\/108571106X154443","article-title":"On the design of early generation variety trials with correlated data","volume":"11","author":"Cullis","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Agric. Biol. Environ. Stat."},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-016-3136-x","article-title":"Distinct transcriptome responses to water limitation in isohydric and anisohydric grapevine cultivars","volume":"17","author":"dal Santo","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2019.00508","article-title":"Leveraging image analysis for high-throughput plant phenotyping","volume":"10","author":"Das Choudhury","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4333","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/eraa186","article-title":"The sequence and thresholds of leaf hydraulic traits underlying grapevine varietal differences in drought tolerance","volume":"71","author":"Dayer","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10040584","article-title":"3-D characterization of vineyards using a novel UAV imagery-based OBIA procedure for precision viticulture applications","volume":"10","author":"de Castro","year":"2018","journal-title":"Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5608","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0510864103","article-title":"L-tartaric acid synthesis from vitamin C in higher plants","volume":"103","author":"DeBolt","year":"2006","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/s11120-012-9761-6","article-title":"Modulation of photosynthetic energy conversion efficiency in nature: from seconds to seasons","volume":"113","author":"Demmig-Adams","year":"2012","journal-title":"Photosynth. Res."},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2019.00559","article-title":"A low-cost and unsupervised image recognition methodology for yield estimation in a vineyard","volume":"10","author":"di Gennaro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16988","DOI":"10.3390\/s121216988","article-title":"Grapevine yield and leaf area estimation using supervised classification methodology on RGB images taken under field conditions","volume":"12","author":"Diago","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7658","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.6b01999","article-title":"Use of visible and short-wave near-infrared hyperspectral imaging to fingerprint anthocyanins in intact grape berries","volume":"64","author":"Diago","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2005.05.006","article-title":"Simple reflectance indices track heat and water stress-induced changes in steady-state chlorophyll fluorescence at the canopy scale","volume":"97","author":"Dobrowski","year":"2005","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.7546\/CRABS.2018.06.07","article-title":"Grapevine leaf area measurements by using pixel values","volume":"71","author":"Dogan","year":"2018","journal-title":"C. R. Acad. Bulg. Sci."},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.2134\/agronj2007.0167","article-title":"Nondestructive measurement of grapevine leaf area by ground normalized difference vegetation index","volume":"101","author":"Drissi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Agron. J."},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-4811-4-12","article-title":"Chlorophyll fluorescence imaging accurately quantifies freezing damage and cold acclimation responses in Arabidopsis leaves","volume":"4","author":"Ehlert","year":"2008","journal-title":"Plant Methods"},{"key":"ref40","volume-title":"An Introduction to Quantitative Genetics.","author":"Falconer","year":"1996"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.5344\/ajev.2019.19038","article-title":"Soil temperature prior to veraison alters grapevine carbon partitioning, xylem sap hormones, and fruit set","volume":"71","author":"Field","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Enol. Vitic."},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-arplant-050312-120137","article-title":"Future scenarios for plant phenotyping","volume":"64","author":"Fiorani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Plant Biol."},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.3390\/agronomy10101465","article-title":"Climate change: a new challenge for the winemaking sector","volume":"10","author":"Fraga","year":"2020","journal-title":"Agronomy"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1002\/fes3.14","article-title":"An overview of climate change impacts on European viticulture","volume":"1","author":"Fraga","year":"2012","journal-title":"Food Energy Secur."},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2018.00478","article-title":"Mechanisms underlying the environmentally induced plasticity of leaf morphology","volume":"9","author":"Fritz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Genet."},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00865986","article-title":"Infrared measurement of canopy temperature and detection of plant water stress","volume":"42","author":"Fuchs","year":"1990","journal-title":"Theor. Appl. Climatol."},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.3390\/chemosensors9040071","article-title":"Hyperspectral imaging to characterize table grapes","volume":"9","author":"Gabrielli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. Aust."},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.21548\/40-2-3031","article-title":"Comparative anatomy and morphology of the leaves of grenache noir and Syrah grapevine cultivars","volume":"40","author":"Gago","year":"2019","journal-title":"SAJEV"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4658","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/eraa245","article-title":"The physiology of drought stress in grapevine: towards an integrative definition of drought tolerance","volume":"71","author":"Gambetta","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604691","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2020.604691","article-title":"Sunburn in grapes: a review","volume":"11","author":"Gambetta","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agwat.2015.09.008","article-title":"The use of laser induced chlorophyll fluorescence (LIF) as a fast and non-destructive method to investigate water deficit in Arabidopsis","volume":"164","author":"Gameiro","year":"2016","journal-title":"Agric. Water Manag."},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588739","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2020.588739","article-title":"Temperature shift between vineyards modulates berry phenology and primary metabolism in a varietal collection of wine grapevine","volume":"11","author":"Gashu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/0471476471","volume-title":"Planning, Construction and Analysis of Comparative Experiments.","author":"Giesbrecht","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1111\/ajgw.12164","article-title":"Genetic correlations in grapevine and their effects on selection","volume":"22","author":"Gon\u00e7alves","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aust. J. Grape Wine Res."},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1007\/s10681-012-0787-9","article-title":"Broad-sense heritability in mixed models for grapevine initial selection trials","volume":"189","author":"Gon\u00e7alves","year":"2013","journal-title":"Euphytica"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1038\/hdy.2009.153","article-title":"Experimental designs for evaluation of genetic variability and selection of ancient grapevine varieties: A simulation study","volume":"104","author":"Gon\u00e7alves","year":"2010","journal-title":"Heredity"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2012.02.002","article-title":"Applications of chlorophyll fluorescence imaging technique in horticultural research: a review","volume":"138","author":"Gorbe","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"ref501","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1080\/14620316.2015.1110991","article-title":"Thermal imaging to detect spatial and temporal variation in the water status of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)","volume":"91","author":"Grant","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Hortic. Sci. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erl153","article-title":"Exploring thermal imaging variables for the detection of stress responses in grapevine under different irrigation regimes","volume":"58","author":"Grant","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/01140671.2019.1632213","article-title":"Stomatal and non-stomatal limitations at different leaf temperatures to the photosynthetic process during the post-harvest period for Vitis vinifera cv. Chardonnay vines","volume":"48","author":"Greer","year":"2020","journal-title":"N.Z.J. Crop Hortic. Sci."},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1017\/S204047001700108","article-title":"On-the-go thermal imaging for water status assessment in commercial vineyards","volume":"8","author":"Guti\u00e9rrez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"ref502","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2018.01102","article-title":"On-the-go hyperspectral imaging under field conditions and machine learning for the classification of grapevine varieties","volume":"9","author":"Guti\u00e9rrez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109946","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2020.109946","article-title":"Current viticultural techniques to mitigate the effects of global warming on grape and wine quality: a comprehensive review","volume":"139","author":"Guti\u00e9rrez-Gamboa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.5344\/ajev.2011.11079","article-title":"Rootstock effects on deficit-irrigated winegrapes in a dry climate: grape and wine composition","volume":"63","author":"Harbertson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Enol. Vitic."},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1111\/ajgw.12026","article-title":"Transcriptional regulation of the three grapevine chalcone synthase genes and their role in flavonoid synthesis in shiraz","volume":"19","author":"Harris","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aust. J. Grape Wine Res."},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1186\/s13007-020-00650-0","article-title":"Chlorophyll fluorescence imaging captures photochemical efficiency of grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) in a field setting","volume":"16","author":"Herritt","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plant Methods"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/s13007-015-0072-8","article-title":"Automated phenotyping of plant shoots using imaging methods for analysis of plant stress responses\u2014a review","volume":"11","author":"Humpl\u00edk","year":"2015","journal-title":"Plant Methods"},{"key":"ref67","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.2134\/agronj2000.9261221x","article-title":"Determination of crop water stress index for irrigation timing and yield estimation of corn","volume":"92","author":"Irmak","year":"2000","journal-title":"Agron. J."},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4152816","DOI":"10.34133\/2020\/4152816","article-title":"Convolutional neural networks for image-based high-throughput plant Phenotyping: a review","volume":"2020","author":"Jiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plant Phenomics"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2020.11.006","article-title":"Lidar sheds new light on plant phenomics for plant breeding and management: recent advances and future prospects","volume":"171","author":"Jin","year":"2021","journal-title":"ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref71","volume-title":"Plants and Microclimate.","author":"Jones","year":"1992"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2249","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erf083","article-title":"Use of infrared thermography for monitoring stomatal closure in the field: application to grapevine","volume":"53","author":"Jones","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20870\/ives-tr.2020.3622","article-title":"Smartphone: The winegrowers\u2019 Swiss army knife","volume":"20","author":"Jouzier","year":"2020","journal-title":"IVES Technical Rev."},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2018.07.036","article-title":"Physiological, micro-morphological and metabolomic analysis of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) leaf of plants under water stress","volume":"130","author":"Ju","year":"2018","journal-title":"Plant Physiol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2014.00770","article-title":"Optimizing experimental procedures for quantitative evaluation of crop plant performance in high throughput phenotyping systems","volume":"5","author":"Junker","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1625","DOI":"10.3390\/s1707162","article-title":"Phenoliner: a new field phenotyping platform for grapevine research","volume":"17","author":"Kicherer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4823","DOI":"10.3390\/s150304823","article-title":"An automated field phenotyping pipeline for application in grapevine research","volume":"15","author":"Kicherer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1186\/s12859-015-0560-x","article-title":"Field phenotyping of grapevine growth using dense stereo reconstruction","volume":"16","author":"Klodt","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1111\/pbi.13171","article-title":"Strong temporal dynamics of QTL action on plant growth progression revealed through high-throughput phenotyping in canola","volume":"18","author":"Knoch","year":"2019","journal-title":"Plant Biotechnol. J."},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1071\/FP19073","article-title":"A continuum of stomatal responses to water deficits among 17 wine grape cultivars (Vitis vinifera)","volume":"47","author":"Levin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Funct. Plant Biol."},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105672","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compag.2020.105672","article-title":"A review of computer vision technologies for plant phenotyping","volume":"176","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Comput. Electron. Agric."},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compag.2015.10.011","article-title":"LiDAR: An important tool for next-generation phenotyping technology of high potential for plant phenomics?","volume":"119","author":"Lin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Comput. Electron. Agric."},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105655","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosres.2021.105655","article-title":"Heatwave intensity on the Iberian Peninsula: future climate projections","volume":"258","author":"Lorenzo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Atmos. Res."},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1071\/FP09191","article-title":"Drought-induced changes in development and function of grapevine (Vitis spp.) organs and in their hydraulic and non hydraulic interactions at the whole plant level: a physiological and molecular update","volume":"37","author":"Lovisolo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Funct. Plant Biol."},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-0238.1998.tb00129.x","article-title":"Indices of light microclimate and canopy structure of grapevines determined by 3D digitising and image analysis, and their relationship to grape quality","volume":"4","author":"Mabrouk","year":"1998","journal-title":"Aust. J. Grape Wine Res."},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1051\/ctv\/ctv2021360175","article-title":"The role of grapevine leaf morphoanatomical traits in determining capacity for coping with abiotic stresses: a review","volume":"36","author":"MacMIllan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ci\u00eancia T\u00e9c. Vitiv."},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.5772\/62391","article-title":"Monitoring photosynthesis by in vivo chlorophyll fluorescence: application to high-throughput plant phenotyping","volume-title":"Applied Photosynthesis\u2014New Progress.","author":"Marques da Silva","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.3390\/plants9020174","article-title":"Using rapid chlorophyll fluorescence transients to classify Vitis genotypes","volume":"9","author":"Marques da Silva","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plan. Theory"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.3390\/pr6110227","article-title":"Application of laser-induced fluorescence in functional studies of photosynthetic biofilms","volume":"6","author":"Marques da Silva","year":"2018","journal-title":"PRO"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-78242-075-0.00008-9","article-title":"Grapevine breeding programmes in Portugal","volume-title":"Grapevine breeding programs for the wine industry.","author":"Martins","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10010114","article-title":"Estimation of water stress in grapevines using proximal and remote sensing methods","volume":"10","author":"Matese","year":"2018","journal-title":"Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119312994.apr0667","article-title":"Climate change and stomatal physiology","volume":"2","author":"Matthews","year":"2019","journal-title":"Annu. Plant Rev."},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1186\/s13007-019-0485-x","article-title":"High throughput procedure utilising chlorophyll fluorescence imaging to phenotype dynamic photosynthesis and photoprotection in leaves under controlled gaseous conditions","volume":"15","author":"McAusland","year":"2019","journal-title":"Plant Methods"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wep.2018.11.002","article-title":"Adaptive capacity to climate change in the wine industry: A Bayesian network approach","volume":"7","author":"Merloni","year":"2018","journal-title":"Wine Econ. Policy"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-313X.2002.01322.x","article-title":"Use of infrared thermal imaging to isolate Arabidopsis mutants defective in stomatal regulation","volume":"30","author":"Merlot","year":"2002","journal-title":"Plant J."},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compag.2018.11.026","article-title":"In-field high throughput grapevine phenotyping with a consumer-grade depth camera","volume":"156","author":"Milella","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comput. Electron. Agric."},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tplants.2005.11.002","article-title":"Abiotic stress, the field environment and stress combination","volume":"11","author":"Mittler","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trends Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erl115","article-title":"Use of thermal and visible imagery for estimating crop water status of irrigated grapevine","volume":"58","author":"M\u00f6ller","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2020.00681","article-title":"Integrating high-throughput Phenotyping and statistical genomic methods to genetically improve longitudinal traits in crops","volume":"11","author":"Moreira","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.106.078162","article-title":"Spatial dependence for hydrogen peroxide-directed signaling in light-stressed plants","volume":"141","author":"Mullineaux","year":"2006","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607859","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2020.607859","article-title":"Evaluating strategies for adaptation to climate change in grapevine production\u2014a systematic review","volume":"11","author":"Naulleau","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2014.09.112","article-title":"Use of near infrared hyperspectral tools for the screening of extractable polyphenols in red grape skins","volume":"172","author":"Nogales-Bueno","year":"2015","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref104","author":"Nuske","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1007\/s00122-006-0333-z","article-title":"Joint modeling of additive and non-additive genetic line effects in single field trials","volume":"113","author":"Oakey","year":"2006","journal-title":"Theor. Appl. Genet."},{"key":"ref106","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref107","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref108","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118735985.ch4","article-title":"Rootstocks as a component of adaptation to environment","volume-title":"Grapevine in a changing environment: A molecular and Ecophysiological perspective.","author":"Ollat","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1290","DOI":"10.1093\/pcp\/pcg165","article-title":"Simultaneous measurement of Stomatal conductance, non-photochemical quenching, and photochemical yield of photosystem II in intact leaves by thermal and chlorophyll fluorescence imaging","volume":"44","author":"Omasa","year":"2003","journal-title":"Plant Cell Physiol."},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2013.10.042","article-title":"Chlorophyll fluorescence imaging as a tool to understand the impact of iron deficiency and resupply on photosynthetic performance of strawberry plants","volume":"165","author":"Os\u00f3rio","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.3390\/jimaging2040034","article-title":"Machine-vision systems selection for agricultural vehicles: A guide","volume":"2","author":"Pajares","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Imaging"},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3799","DOI":"10.3390\/s19173799","article-title":"Non-invasive method based on computer vision for grapevine cluster compactness assessment using a mobile sensing platform under field conditions","volume":"19","author":"Palacios","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.12013","article-title":"The dual effect of abscisic acid on stomata","volume":"197","author":"Pantin","year":"2013","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-0238.2011.00140.x","article-title":"General phenological model to characterise the timing of flowering and veraison of Vitis vinifera L","volume":"17","author":"Parker","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aust. J. Grape Wine Res."},{"key":"ref116","first-page":"543","article-title":"Evaluation of drought tolerance of new grapevine rootstock hybrids","volume":"32","author":"Pavlousek","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Environ. Biol."},{"key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biosystemseng.2019.01.002","article-title":"The accuracy and utility of a low cost thermal camera and smartphone-based system to assess grapevine water status","volume":"179","author":"Petrie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biosyst. Eng."},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1111\/jac.12267","article-title":"A tutorial on the statistical analysis of factorial experiments with qualitative and quantitative treatment factor levels","volume":"204","author":"Piepho","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Agron. Crop Sci."},{"key":"ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.107.074229","article-title":"Computing heritability and selection response from unbalanced plant breeding trials","volume":"177","author":"Piepho","year":"2007","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"ref120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7507131","DOI":"10.34133\/2019\/7507131","article-title":"Plant phenotyping: past, present, and future","volume":"2019","author":"Pieruschka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Plant Phenomics"},{"key":"ref503","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.3390\/agronomy11020289","article-title":"Grapevine rootstocks differently affect physiological and molecular responses of the scion under water deficit condition","volume":"11","author":"Prinsi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Agronomy"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.25165\/j.ijabe.20181102.2696","article-title":"Sensors for measuring plant phenotyping: a review","volume":"11","author":"Qiu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Agric. Biol. Eng."},{"key":"ref122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00394490","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of a barley mutant with abscisic-acid-insensitive stomata","volume":"173","author":"Raskin","year":"1988","journal-title":"Planta"},{"key":"ref123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plantsci.2018.06.015","article-title":"What is cost-efficient phenotyping? Optimizing costs for different scenarios","volume":"282","author":"Reynolds","year":"2019","journal-title":"Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643258","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2021.643258","article-title":"Grape berry secondary metabolites and their modulation by abiotic factors in a climate change scenario\u2013A review","volume":"12","author":"Rienth","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plantsci.2019.01.011","article-title":"Review: new sensors and data-driven approaches\u2014A path to next generation phenomics","volume":"282","author":"Roitsch","year":"2019","journal-title":"Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1186\/s12870-016-0778-4","article-title":"ABA-mediated responses to water deficit separate grapevine genotypes by their genetic background","volume":"16","author":"Rossdeutsch","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Plant Biol."},{"key":"ref127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2023","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19072023","article-title":"Below versus above ground plant sources of abscisic acid (ABA) at the heart of tropical forest response to warming","volume":"19","author":"Sampaio Filho","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"ref128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583590","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2020.583590","article-title":"Imaging of chlorophyll a fluorescence in natural compound-induced stress detection","volume":"11","author":"S\u00e1nchez-Moreiras","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agwat.2019.04.020","article-title":"Discrimination ability of leaf and stem water potential at different times of the day through a meta-analysis in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)","volume":"221","author":"Santesteban","year":"2019","journal-title":"Agric. Water Manag."},{"key":"ref130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3092","DOI":"10.3390\/app10093092","article-title":"A review of the potential climate change impacts and adaptation options for European viticulture","volume":"10","author":"Santos","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2015.00509","article-title":"Molecular phenotyping of plant single cell-types enhances forward genetic analyses","volume":"6","author":"Schiefelbein","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2016.08.057","article-title":"Combination of visible and mid-infrared spectra for the prediction of chemical parameters of wines","volume":"161","author":"Sen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"key":"ref133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2924","DOI":"10.3390\/s18092924","article-title":"Fast phenomics in vineyards: development of Grover, the grapevine rover, and LiDAR for assessing grapevine traits in the field","volume":"18","author":"Siebers","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.20870\/oeno-one.2017.51.2.1870","article-title":"Adapting plant material to face water stress in vineyards: which physiological targets for an optimal control of plant water status?","volume":"51","author":"Simonneau","year":"2017","journal-title":"OENO One"},{"key":"ref135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-4257(02)00010-X","article-title":"Relationships between leaf pigment content and spectral reflectance across a wide range of species, leaf structures and developmental stages","volume":"81","author":"Sims","year":"2002","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2019.00394","article-title":"High-throughput phenotyping enabled genetic dissection of crop lodging in wheat","volume":"10","author":"Singh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1186\/s12870-015-0459-8","article-title":"A novel system for evaluating drought\u2014cold tolerance of grapevines using chlorophyll fluorescence","volume":"15","author":"Su","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Plant Biol."},{"key":"ref504","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1007\/s11119-017-9519-4","article-title":"Evaluation of the use of LIDAR laser scanner to map pruning wood in vineyards and its potential for management zones delineation","volume":"19","author":"Tagarakis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Precis. Agric."},{"key":"ref505","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.3920\/978-90-8686-778-3_78","article-title":"Using laser scanner to map pruning wood in vineyards","volume":"13","author":"Tagarakis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Precis. Agric."},{"key":"ref138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2016.01131","article-title":"A direct comparison of remote sensing approaches for high-throughput phenotyping in plant breeding","volume":"7","author":"Tattaris","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.3390\/Agron.10050706","article-title":"A phenotypic search on graft compatibility in grapevine","volume":"10","author":"Tedesco","year":"2020","journal-title":"Agronomy"},{"key":"ref140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3114","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.7488","article-title":"Application of visible\/near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy for predicting internal and external quality in pepper: estimation of quality in pepper by NIR spectroscopy","volume":"96","author":"Toledo-Mart\u00edn","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Sci. Food Agric."},{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1111\/ajgw.12069","article-title":"Variability of mesophyll conductance in grapevine cultivars under water stress conditions in relation to leaf anatomy and water use efficiency","volume":"20","author":"Tom\u00e1s","year":"2014","journal-title":"Aust. J. Grape Wine Res."},{"key":"ref142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tplants.2016.10.002","article-title":"Machine learning for plant Phenotyping needs image processing","volume":"21","author":"Tsaftaris","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref506","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.3920\/978-90-8686-888-9_13","article-title":"Calculating the water deficit spatially using LiDAR laser scanner in an apple orchard","volume":"19","author":"Tsoulias","year":"2019","journal-title":"Precis. Agric."},{"key":"ref143","author":"Udompetaikul","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1017\/jwe.2015.21","article-title":"The impact of climate change on viticulture and wine quality","volume":"11","author":"van Leeuwen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Wine Econ."},{"key":"ref145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.20870\/oeno-one.2016.0.0.1647","article-title":"Modified grape composition under climate change conditions requires adaptations in the vineyard","volume":"51","author":"Van Leeuwen","year":"2017","journal-title":"OENO One"},{"key":"ref146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.3390\/Agron.9090514","article-title":"An update on the impact of climate change in viticulture and potential adaptations","volume":"9","author":"Van Leeuwen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Agronomy"},{"key":"ref147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1021\/jf304687c","article-title":"Impact of clonal variability in Vitis vinifera cabernet franc on grape composition, wine quality, leaf blade stilbene content, and downy mildew resistance","volume":"61","author":"Van Leeuwen","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/s11119-019-09657-7","article-title":"Towards an empirical model to estimate the spatial variability of grapevine phenology at the within field scale","volume":"21","author":"Verdugo-V\u00e1squez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Precis. Agric."},{"key":"ref149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.20870\/oeno-one.2020.54.4.3616","article-title":"Yield components detection and image-based indicators for non-invasive grapevine yield prediction at different phenological phases","volume":"54","author":"Victorino","year":"2020","journal-title":"OENO One"},{"key":"ref150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1522","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2019.01522","article-title":"Controversies in midday water potential regulation and stomatal behavior might result from the environment, genotype, and\/or rootstock: evidence from Carm\u00e9n\u00e8re and syrah grapevine varieties","volume":"10","author":"Villalobos-Gonzalez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s13007-015-0056-8","article-title":"Plant phenotyping: from bean weighing to image analysis","volume":"11","author":"Walter","year":"2015","journal-title":"Plant Methods"},{"key":"ref152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-842X.2010.00570.x","article-title":"A comparison of analysis methods for late-stage variety evaluation trials","volume":"52","author":"Welham","year":"2010","journal-title":"Aust. N. Z. J. Stat."},{"key":"ref153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1038\/s41558-017-0016-6","article-title":"From pinot to Xinomavro in the world\u2019s future wine-growing regions","volume":"8","author":"Wolkovich","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Clim. Chang."},{"key":"ref154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/1353691","article-title":"Significant remote sensing vegetation indices: a review of developments and applications","volume":"2017","author":"Xue","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Sens."},{"key":"ref155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molp.2020.01.008","article-title":"Crop phenomics and high-throughput phenotyping: past decades, current challenges, and future perspectives","volume":"13","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Plant"},{"key":"ref156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1640","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2016.01640","article-title":"Grape ripening is regulated by deficit irrigation\/elevated temperatures according to cluster position in the canopy","volume":"7","author":"Zarrouk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref157","author":"Zheng","year":"2021"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Plant Science"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpls.2021.718202\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]],"date-time":"2021-10-26T04:46:35Z","timestamp":1635223595000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpls.2021.718202\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]]},"references-count":160,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpls.2021.718202"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpls.2021.718202","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-462X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-462X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]]},"article-number":"718202"}}