{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T23:36:54Z","timestamp":1771457814941,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741651200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to develop and validate the screening versions of the European Portuguese MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories Short Forms (EP CDI-SFs), intended to guide referrals for comprehensive language assessments in infants and toddlers. The first cohort, aged 8\u201318 months, included 1,293 typically developing children (<jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>age<\/jats:sub> = 12.23, <jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic> = 3.12, 50.2% male), 170 children at-risk for language impairments (<jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>age<\/jats:sub> = 11.76, <jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic> = 2.81, 45.9% male), and 39 children with Down syndrome (<jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>age<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub> = 12.28, <jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic> = 3.40, 56.4% male), assessed using the EP CDI-SF Level I. The second cohort, aged 16\u201330 months, included 1,155 typically developing children (<jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>age<\/jats:sub> = 23.45, <jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic> = 4.07, 51.2% male), 181 children at-risk for language impairments (<jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>age<\/jats:sub> = 23.23, <jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic> = 4.31, 47% male), and 46 children with Down syndrome (<jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>age<\/jats:sub> = 23.09, <jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic> = 3.93, 69.6% male), assessed with the EP CDI-SF Level II. Through factor analysis, the 20 most psychometrically robust items from each form were identified and used to develop the new screening versions (EP CDI-Scr). Strong correlations between the EP CDI-SFs and EP CDI-Scr results for typically developing children, along with excellent internal consistency, supported the validity and reliability of the new tools. Furthermore, the EP CDI-Scr versions demonstrated excellent sensitivity and moderate specificity. They effectively distinguished between typically developing children, those at-risk for language impairments, and those with Down syndrome, confirming strong discriminant validity. These findings establish the preliminary validity, reliability, and effectiveness of the EP CDI-Scr, supporting timely referrals for comprehensive language evaluations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2025.1534392","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T07:06:21Z","timestamp":1741676781000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Screening versions of the European Portuguese MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories Short Forms: development and preliminary validation"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Marisa G.","family":"Filipe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"C\u00e1tia","family":"Severino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Vig\u00e1rio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"S\u00f3nia","family":"Frota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1017\/S0305000900008680","article-title":"Developmental and stylistic variation in the composition of early vocabulary.","volume":"21","author":"Bates","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. 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