{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T12:48:33Z","timestamp":1765889313270,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715299200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Positive Mental Health (PMH) plays a pivotal role in the promoting of mental health. Assessing this phenomenon is essential for early recognition and intervention in mental health. To date, only one tool was validated with 39 items to assess PMH among Portuguese young adults.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study sought to examine the psychometric properties of the short version of the Positive Mental Health Questionnaire (PMHQ) among Portuguese university students. The PMHQ Short Form was administered to a sample of 3,647 university students via an online platform. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed. The principal factor solution was employed because some items showed higher levels of kurtosis. Multivariate analysis was tested using the Mardia\u2019s Test, Henze-Zirkler, and Royston. Findings of content, construct validity tests, and Cronbach\u2019s alfa demonstrated the satisfactory validity and suitable reliability of the PMHQ-Short Form (PMHQ-SF).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results and discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The exploratory factor analysis produced six dimensions of the PMHQ-SF with three items in each factor demonstrating adequate internal reliability. The global internal consistency was 0.92, with factors ranging between 0.60 to 0.82. The results suggest that the PMHQ-SF is reliable, easier, and more practical to complete by university students due to the shortening of the number of items. The PMHQ-SF is useful for assessing positive mental health in young adults. The final version of the instrument contains from 32 to 18 items.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1375378","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T15:17:17Z","timestamp":1715354237000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Psychometric properties of the positive mental health questionnaire: short form (PMHQ-SF18) in young adults"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Carlos","family":"Sequeira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Carlos","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Roldan-Merino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Antonio R.","family":"Moreno-Poyato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"S\u00f3nia","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"David","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Patr\u00edcio Soares","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Montserrat","family":"Puig-Llobet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Maria Teresa","family":"Lluch-Canut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1037\/11258-000","volume-title":"Current concepts of positive mental health","author":"Jahoda","year":"1958"},{"volume-title":"Programa de promo\u00e7\u00e3o de Sa\u00fade Mental Positiva para adultos (Mentis Plus+): manual de apoio","year":"2020","author":"Teixeira","key":"ref2"},{"volume-title":"Prevention of mental disorders \u2013 Effective interventions and policy options","year":"2001","key":"ref3"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijchp.2019.02.003","article-title":"Positive mental health, positive affect and suicide ideation","volume":"19","author":"Teismann","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Clin Health Psychol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0277631","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0277631","article-title":"Positive mental health and mindfulness as protective factors against addictive social media use during the COVID-19 outbreak","volume":"17","author":"Brailovskaia","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1951","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-020-00714-3","article-title":"Positive mental health and adjustment following life-stressors among young adults","volume":"41","author":"Truskauskaite-Kuneviciene","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr Psychol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-08736-z","article-title":"Improving mental health literacy in year 9 high school children across Wales: a protocol for a randomised control treatment trial (RCT) of a mental health literacy programme across an entire country","volume":"20","author":"Simkiss","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1650","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyz006","article-title":"Changes in millennial adolescente mental health and health-related behaviors over 10 years: a population cohort comparison study","volume":"48","author":"Patalay","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"year":"2014","author":"Portugal","key":"ref9"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19063185","article-title":"Positive mental health in university students and its relations with psychological vulnerability, mental health literacy, and sociodemographic characteristics: a descriptive correlational study","volume":"19","author":"Teixeira","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.19131\/rpesm.0167","article-title":"A sa\u00fade mental em estudantes do ensino superior. 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